Good or bad? The influence of FDI on productivity growth. An industry-level analysis

This paper attempts to reconcile the often inconclusive evidence on the role of FDI in the process of economic development by taking into account the heterogeneity both among industries and among countries. Using a comparable database at the industry level for 35 countries in the OECD, Asia and Eastern Europe from 1987 to 2002, we test for the influence of both stage of development and sectoral FDI patterns in the relationship between FDI and productivity growth. In certain industries and for the catching-up countries, a significant and positive relationship emerges when FDI coincides with high investment or export orientation.     

国际双边发展援助对FDI的影响研究——基于17个OECD国家对华发展援助的实证

本文运用扩展的Solow模型阐述了援助影响FDI的理论机制,并以中国为研究主体,以17个OECD国家的数据为样本,实证分析了双边发展援助对FDI的短期、中期和长期效应。实证结果显示:在短期,17个OECD国家的对华发展援助挤出了这些国家对中国的FDI,但在中长期促进了这些国家对中国的FDI,并且时间越长,促进效应越强。因此,发达国家向中国投入发展援助是有效的。双方应充分利用这种有效性,发达国家现期不适宜取消对华发展援助,中国应积极寻求双边发展援助来促进新兴产业和中西部地区的发展。     

Chinese foreign direct investment in Australia: policy issues for the resource sector 1

The past 18 months have seen Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Australian resource sector become an issue of policy interest. There are two big questions that the prospects of a significant rise in FDI from China into the Australian resources sector have raised. Is the surge of FDI into Australian mining and energy consistent with achieving the traditional gains from foreign investment? And are there any particular problems associated with investment from foreign state-owned enterprises or state-managed sovereign wealth funds? These are among the questions addressed in this paper. The paper argues that there are no issues that cannot be dealt with under the umbrella of the established test of ‘national interest’ in managing the growth of Chinese FDI into the Australian minerals sector. It argues that a confusion has been introduced into policy over the questions of state ownership and supplier–buyer relations in respect of Chinese investments and that clarifying these issues is likely to be important to Australia's capturing the full benefits from the growth of Chinese resources demand and longer term economic and strategic interests in China.     

国外对华反倾销的贸易转移效应分析——以美国为例

随着中国经济的发展和对美出口的持续增长,中国成为遭受美国反倾销诉讼最多的国家,反倾销已成为中美经贸关系健康发展的一大实质性障碍。美国对华反倾销存在着一定的贸易转移效应,尤其体现在遭受反倾销诉讼最多的钢铁产业及其他各产业的涉案产品上,对中国出口企业造成很大的损害。中国一方面要维系良好的中美贸易伙伴关系,另一方面要规避反倾销的贸易转移效应,主动寻找出口市场,实现出口市场的多元化,同时充分实施"走出去"战略,通过对美直接投资跨越贸易壁垒。     

服务业FDI与东道国服务经济增长研究——基于中国数据的实证检验

服务业的发展对一国经济增长至关重要,而服务业利用外资能够促进东道国服务经济的发展。利用1993-2012年中国服务业实际利用外资的数据,来检验服务业外商直接投资对东道国服务经济增长的影响。结果显示:服务业FDI与服务业增加值之间存在长期稳定的均衡关系,且两者之间互为因果关系。要利用服务业FDI带动东道国服务业经济的增长,必须采取有力措施积极引进服务业外商直接投资。     

福建省FDI、第三产业GDP和就业人数互动关系研究——基于VAR模型

在经济转型、产业结构调整的大背景下,运用1985-2011年的数据,采用VAR模型研究福建省FDI、第三产业GDP和第三产业就业人数互动关系。结果表明：福建省FDI促进第三产业GDP的发展,不仅在短期明显,中期和长期也明显;福建省FDI对第三产业就业人数短期具抑制作用,这从侧面也反应了FDI在第三产业投资方式的畸形性;第三产业的GDP对FDI的反向促进作用较小,福建省积极吸引外资政策方面的因素,对FDI更具吸引力。     

Religious freedom, religious diversity, and Japanese foreign direct investment

Research into the links between religion and foreign direct investment is scarce, partly because research on religion has not been the traditional domain of business and economics. Nevertheless, religion affects the economies, political structures, legal environments, and social behaviors of people around the world and is, therefore, an important element of the international business environments. Foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions are often made after an assessment of the international business environments. This article makes a singular contribution by focusing on the impact of religion – religious freedom and religious diversity – on the foreign direct investment of Japanese companies. We find that national income and religious diversity significantly influence Japanese decisions to invest.     

Asymmetric Demand Information and Foreign Direct Investment*

We examine the FDI versus exports decision of firms competing in an oligopolistic (quantity‐setting) market under demand uncertainty and asymmetric information. Compared to a firm that chooses to export, a firm that chooses to set up a plant in the host market has superior information about local market demand. In addition to the well‐known tension between the fixed set‐up costs of investment, the additional variable costs of exports and oligopoly sizes, the incentive to invest abroad is explained by the strategic learning effect. FDI may be observed even if trade costs are zero. The analysis is robust to price competition and to the possibility that a foreign firm can engage in both FDI and exports.     

Clusters as a driving engine for FDI

This paper develops a model that highlights the importance of clusters for attracting foreign direct investment. It shows from a game theoretical perspective how the combination of setting up a cluster and implementing policy reforms will be a key engine for attracting FDI. Based on agglomeration externalities, the paper shows that the very emergence of clusters can make investment so profitable that investors can even afford to tolerate more policy-induced distortions than otherwise. With perfect information, it shows the existence of multiple equilibria, in which some countries attract FDI while others do not. An extension to the context of imperfect information refines the analysis to a unique equilibrium, in which some investors respond to reforms, while others do not. The paper presents case studies to support the findings.     

China＇s FDI Net Inflow and Deterioration of Terms of Trade： Paradox and Explanation

Starting from the contradiction between China's sustained growth in foreign direct investment (FDI) net inflow and deterioration of the terms of trade, this paper analyzes the characteristics of FDI sectoral structure since the 1990. Moreover, considering the international market competitive environment, this paper gives a concrete analysis of the influence mechanism and concludes that the flowing of FDI into labor‐intensive export sectors caused the deterioration of China's terms of trade. To improve its terms of trade, China needs to direct FDI inflow into capital‐ and technology‐intensive sectors and service sectors. (Edited by Xiaoming Feng)