Draining the judiciary bottleneck: A quasi-experiment in improving a government service

This study describes judicial reform as a quasi-experiment. The reform is the deployment and implementation of the GICA-Justicia (Gestión Integral de Calidad y Acreditación: Quality and Accreditation Integral Management) Quality-Management Standard (QMS) within the Second Court of Appeal of Costa Rica's Supreme Court; the reform includes process improvements following the implementation. The study of impact includes a direct comparison to its homologous in Panama's Justice System. The GICA-Justicia emerges in the QMS environment as a process-performance tracking and improvement tool for accreditation of district courts and courts of appeal. This study offers “sui generis state of the art” empirical know-how via the use of an interrupted time series quasi-experiment. This study contributes to literature by unveiling a successful new judicial service improvement design in a Latin-American context.     

宏观调控背景下我国房地产金融创新的理论逻辑及影响

各类房地产金融创新为开发商和购房者提供了充足的金融支持,出现这一局面的根本原因在于房地产市场是一个生产者主权市场。这些金融创新不仅抑制了房地产金融调控效果,还在商品房供给增加的同时推动房价不断上升,使得房地产市场和房地产金融市场风险加速聚集。对此应改变房地产调控思路,增加供给,管理预期,转变银行的信贷管理思路,加强对非银行金融机构的房地产金融业务监管。     

我国央行财产豁免制度的完善：以利益平衡为视角

为维护纽约国际金融中心地位和美元的国际储备货币地位,美国在区分管辖豁免和执行豁免的立法基础上,通过立法与司法、司法与行政等层面的结构性设计来实现投资者与外国央行之间的利益平衡。实践中,美国法院通过对“央行财产”、“放弃豁免”等立法条文的解读进一步维护了此种利益平衡之实现。在面临建设国际金融中心、维护境外外汇投资安全和应对主权债务危机等多重政策诉求的背景下,我国可以考虑利用管辖权与判决执行两阶段的互动,在管辖权豁免、央行财产界定、放弃豁免和对等原则等方面来满足我国对央行财产豁免制度的政策需求。     

司法大众化之目的探究

司法大众化,是相对司法专业化而言的司法民主化。虽然司法专业化是法治建设的必然要求,但是我国的司法亦不能脱离国情,仍需充分考虑司法的大众化需求。事实上,司法大众化是与司法专业化相辅相成的。在我国,司法大众化的目的尚不明确,以至于其目的之实现在较大程度上受到了制约。司法大众化的目的在于促进司法的社会认同和推进法治建设。当前我国应在马锡五审判方式的基础上,进一步拓展司法大众化新路径,完善相关制度,以最大程度实现司法大众化之目的。     

我国信托业监管改革的重要问题

我国信托业已经成为从事营业信托业务的所有金融机构的总和或相应业务的市场总和,信托业监管对象绝不限于信托公司及其业务。对于混业经营的信托业而言,统一监管理念的确立至关重要。转变观念,改多头监管为统一监管,改机构监管为功能监管,尽快制定《信托业法》,并确保司法权的适度介入,是当前我国信托业监管制度改革和创新的必然选择。     

司法活动中的低碳原则

低碳经济是迫于节能减排的压力而由各国倡导的一种低能耗、低排放、高效益的经济发展模式。低碳经济不但是经济发展模式的革命,同时也对法的运行过程提出了挑战,它不但要求有完善的低碳立法,还要求在司法环节也体现低碳经济发展的要求。     

美国对华反补贴诉讼中有关人民币汇率的法律问题分析——兼评美国Nucor公司告美国商务部拒绝就人民币汇率补贴展开调查案

2010年10月,美国国际贸易法院作出裁定,不支持美国企业告美国商务部拒绝就人民币汇率补贴展开调查而进行司法审查。法院主要理由是美国商务部的决定不是"最终决定",从而根据"成熟原则"而不具备可诉讼性。本案涉及人民币汇率在被假定低估的情况下,是否构成反补贴协定下的补贴问题。本文认为,美国企业难以证明存在着补贴的专向性。     

论司法公正与和谐社会的关系

和谐,需要社会正义;正义,需要司法公正。一个和谐的社会必然是一个法治社会,社会公正是和谐社会的核心内容,而司法公正是社会公正的种子,是法治社会的核心价值追求,是保障人民权利、实现社会正义的最后一道防线。因此,司法公正是和谐社会的基石或者说是基础性保障,从一定意义上说,没有司法公正,就没有和谐社会。     

Farmland conversion to non-agricultural uses in the US and Canada: current impacts and concerns for the future

Conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses presents a challenge to future food production and ecosystem services in US and Canada. Expansions of housing, transportation, industry, retail sales, schools and other developments are driving land out of farming. In the US there is annual conversion of 500,000 ha away from food and fibre production systems. Coupled with 1% annual population increase, this will reduce today's 0.6 ha per person to 0.3 ha by 2050. Canada has more land and smaller population, but farmland losses are occurring in fertile areas near coasts and in level valleys where highest quality land is located. Current rates of increase in agricultural productivity will not compensate for this land loss. Compared to US, there are more specific tools and legislation at the provincial level in Canada that provide opportunities for controlling sprawl. Important in both countries is general lack of awareness and concern about loss of productive farmland, a situation that could be improved through education. Stimulating collective understanding of this growing problem and providing viable solutions could provide the basis for national policy strategies to promote and assure sustainable food systems for the future and enhance the capacity to maintain vital ecosystem services.     

在积极与消极之间:司法的权利保护——首起"编曲权"纠纷案的法理思考

该文以2003年判决的一个案例为切入口，提出了“编曲”是一种独创行为的观点。认为司法应该积极地保护权利，在特定境况下采取积极主义、进行权利推定，以实现司法公平、正义之价值目标。