略论司法独立

司法独立是司法公正的前提和保障。司法独立的主体在于司法资源的独立,司法独立的客体应包含一 切与司法权利行使有关的组织与个人,司法独立的内容关键是构建独立的司法体系。     

基于消费者理性化与主权化的营销思维重组

本文认为,随着金融危机的爆发,中国消费者的心理及行为特征已经呈现理性化与主权化交织的状态,既关注产品和服务的性价比,同时坚持原有的品牌偏好,注重商品的符号价值,通过消费来进行自我建构和社区联系,追求真实与短暂的愉悦和刺激,注重参与和体验.部分营销技术也因此失去其效用.这就要求我们站在一个新位置进行营销思维重组:营销的聚焦可由具体性的营销组合操作转变到注重对消费者的了解和营销生态的把握,在保证产品质量和安全等基础营销责任的同时消解营销霸权而贴近消费者,让渡市场权力,让消费者通过体验和参与来进行自我价值的创造.     

小国得益于货币联盟

本文回顾了适用于严格固定货币汇率的技术方法，并从对货币联盟通过货币汇率严格固定所获得的利益与付出的代价的研究中给出证明。事实上，丧失货币主权而付出的代价由于有效资本市场和劳动力市场的形成而降低了。本文还讨论了一个被忽略的实行严格货币固定的好处，即小国因此而事受到更好的货币政策。完善的货币政策得以形成是因为小国将其货币主权交托于大型机构（大国央行或是货币联盟央行）后，其货币政策将免受政治因素的影响；另外部分原因在于大型机构拥有更多的金融和人力资源去设计和执行最佳的货币政策。由于在联盟内部实行区内贸易和资本流动，因此即便太央行的货币政策出错。对于它所服务的成员国来说，造成的影响也较小。     

Context-Sensitive Access Control Model for Government Services

During the past two decades, e-government information systems have become less paper-based and more computer-based. Those information systems usually take the form of workflow systems. Due to the large social impact of e-government systems, computer security plays a pivotal role in ensuring its efficiency and effectiveness. Access control is one of the key aspects of computer security. Current access control models do not take into account the context of the system and its environment. In this article, we argue that a formal context-sensitive access control model can improve the development of e-government workflow systems and present a particular context-sensitive access control model. The subject of the article is a specification of the context-sensitive access control model for business processes (COBAC). By using a context-sensitive access control, it is possible to define more sophisticated access control policies that cannot be implemented by existing access control models. The COBAC's context is modeled using Web Ontology Language (OWL) in order to provide formal representation of context, rich representation of diverse contextual information, semantic interoperability between various context-aware systems, and a high degree of inference making. The presented model is applicable in different e-government systems, and supports the definition of access control policies for both simple and complex business processes. The model's prototype is verified by a case study on a real e-government business process—the national petty offense trial proceedings.     

The Challenge of Obtaining Quality Care: Limited Consumer Sovereignty in Human Services

Abstract

This paper offers a conceptual analysis of the problem of quality in human services: in elementary school, psychiatric care, and the health and social care of children, the elderly, and the intellectually disabled. Geriatric nursing home patients are used as a case. These care recipients cannot enforce their legal right to quality service; their quality-effective demand is low. Formal economic analyses often characterize the weak position of the care recipient as an information asymmetry problem. An additional obstacle, however, is the recipient's inability to safeguard her personal interest due to physical, mental, or social incapacities; that is, “limited consumer sovereignty.” Incapacitated individuals cannot enforce quality even when quality information is available. This creates a fundamental incentive problem in the monitoring of quality. They also depend on services that are complex and non-verifiable, making external monitoring difficult. This paper presents a typology of measures to increase the quality pressure facing providers.     

浅析社会医疗保险中的法治构建

在"全民医保"口号提出,并逐步落实的今天,如何保障医保的正常、理性运行,防范其中可能出现的道德风险就显得非常重要和迫切了,这是"全民医保"能否实现并达到其功效的关键,为此,笔者从医保中存在道德风险的成因进行分析,得出只有建立健全社会医保中的法律体系才能保障"全民医保"的实现。     

保险诈骗罪司法认定若干问题探析

我国刑法关于保险诈骗罪的规定采用的是结果犯模式,只有行为人实施了法定的保险诈骗行为,并取得或控制了数额较大的保险金,才构成本罪的既遂。鉴定人、证明人、财产评估人的行为为保险诈骗罪的实行犯创造条件的,可构成共犯中的帮助犯。保险公司的工作人员内外勾结骗取保险金的行为,实质上只是各行为人共同利用保险公司工作人员职务上的便利而实施的骗取保险公司财产的职务侵占或者贪污行为,只可能构成贪污或者职务侵占罪。     

法官能动司法之媒介：法律方法

法律方法是法官能动司法的媒介,反映了立法本位向司法本位的转型。它包括法律思维方式、法律解释、法律论证、法律推理等内容。法律方法的媒介作用主要有两点：一是为法官能动司法提供了理论支撑;二是为法官能动司法提供了技术支持。     

Trips中临时措施在我国知识产权司法保护中的适用性

知识产权为我们带来财富和利益,因此各国都不断加强对知识产权的保护。司法保护是知识产权保护最有利也是最公正的方式。为分析临时措施在我国的适用情况。通过案件分析,Trips协议中临时措施的规定与我国相关法律规定的对比,虽然我国已按照“入世”承诺。在法律规定中增加了临时措施的规定,但在法律规定和适用上还存在一些条款规定零散等问题。诉前临时措施,关系着申请人和被申请人的重大利益,法院应当谨慎处理,以真正体现出实施临时措施的意义。     

浅谈司法鉴定人出庭作证制度

司法鉴定人出庭作证是诉讼方式改革的必然要求。目前,对于司法鉴定人出庭作证的法律依据、出庭作证的程序及技巧、对司法鉴定人的权利保护及经济补偿等没有法律规定或规定的不具体。应在立法上加以完善。同时,司法鉴定人应提高自身素质,做好出庭前的准备工作,促进鉴定事业的健康发展。