Forcing Firms to Think About the Future: Economic Incentives and the Fate of Hazardous Waste

What is the cost of off-site hazardous waste disposal? In addition to paying for disposal fees and shipments costs, generators of hazardous waste can potentially be held liable for the cost of cleanup if the waste disposal site contaminates the environment after closure or abandonment and thus falls under the federal or state Superfund legislation. This paper empirically examines the sensitivity of individual hazardous waste generators to these categories of costs, exploiting the variation across states in factors influencing disposal costs, and in the structure of the liability imposed on waste generators under certain circumstances by state laws. We fit nested logit models to predict the waste management method (incineration or landfill disposal) and the state of destination for shipments of halogenated solvent waste used for metal cleaning in manufacturing and reported in the Toxic Release Inventory in 1988–1990. Waste generators respond to transportation costs and to proxies for current disposal costs. Generators also find the concurrent presence of strict and joint-and-several liability a deterrent, but this deterrent effect does not vary with the wealth of the firm or the volume of the waste shipped.     

河北省上市公司负债经营与公司绩效的联动关系探析

负债经营问题是具有重大理论价值和实践意义的研究课题。文章采用资产负债率作为负债经营指标来反映公司的资本结构,以净资产收益率（ROE）来反映上市公司绩效,结合河北省上市公司年报数据,通过实证分析来说明河北省上市公司负债经营与企业绩效的联动关系。     

略论我国产品责任主体的范围

产品责任主体是因产品存在缺陷而致他人损害应承担赔偿责任的人。生产者和销售者是我国法律明文规定的产品责任主体,它们以无过错责任为归责事由。从更好地保护消费者合法权益,维护社会经济秩序出发,原材料和零部件或半成品提供者、准生产者、进口者应归属于生产者范畴,运输者、仓储者等第三人在符合相应条件时,应承担产品侵权责任。     

我国开展商业赛马的法律风险评估

欲在我国大陆开展商业赛马,必须对商业赛马所涉的法律风险进行分析与评估,使该项活动符合国家的法律规范,保障其安全与合法化,将可能存在的法律风险降到最低,为有关部门减少、降低和有效控制法律风险,制定风险管理对策提供决策依据。法律风险应从刑事法律风险、民事法律风险、行政法律风险三个主要方面进行评估。     

Institutional Economics as Theory of Policy Change: Impact of Past Policy Failures on Present Policy

Social scientists have developed several theories for understanding or evaluating policy change over time. Since all costs or benefits are not internalized owing to positive transaction costs, policymaking is always implemented under cost underestimation conditions and, therefore, is imperfect. I call this trait policy failure in this article. Furthermore, I show that a new framework combining the social costs approach and the legal/economic approach in institutional economics is suitable and can be applied to evaluating how past policy failures affect present policy, providing as an example the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan.     

环境污染侵权责任的认定及损害赔偿

环境污染侵权案件伴随着当代经济高速大规模发展日益增多,我国环境污染侵权责任制度已经建立了较好的基础,但在环境权确立、侵权责任认定以及责任方式与救济途径等方面仍然存在不少问题与缺陷。文章通过对上述问题进行阐述分析,借鉴国外先进理论与制度,提出了相应的对策。     

私募股权投资基金的规制探析

私募股权投资基金在我国不断发展壮大,对于我国资本市场的健康发展起到了积极作用。但是,由于种种客观原因,我国私募股权投资基金的立法工作迟迟没有实质性进展。私募股权投资基金不可避免地存在各种问题。法律的空白给民间私募股权投资基金提供了生存空间,也使其面临相当大的法律风险。本文通过对我国现行私募股权投资基金法律制度进行分析研究,提出我国对私募股权投资基金的法律规制应当从设立、退出和监管三个方面入手,建立和完善我国私募股权投资基金法律制度。     

独立董事比例、产权性质与长期债务融资契约

独立董事比例越高则长期债务融资比重越大,这一现象只在民营上市公司样本中有稳定表现,原因在于独立董事比例越高,监督能力越强,民营公司独立董事承担的监管风险相对更高,监督动力更强。监管当局应该适当提高上市公司独立董事比例,严格独立董事责任机制,以进一步改进独立董事制度效率。     

试论农村土地承包经营权流转法律制度的完善

农村土地承包经营权流转的完善是我国社会经济发展的内在要求。当前,我们应学习贯彻中国共产党第十七届三中全会的有关精神,重新审视我国现行的土地承包经营权流转法律制度,解放思想,找准突破口,实现法律制度的创新,以加快推进社会主义新农村制度建设,大力推动城乡统筹发展。     

医疗机构从零售药店购进药品所涉及的法律问题

目的：理清医疗机构从零售药店购进药品所涉及的相关法律问题,为正确适用法律提供参考。方法：案例研究、探索性的逻辑分析和法条分析方法。结果与结论：医疗机构从零售药店购进药品不具有违法性,不需要承担法律责任。零售药店在医疗机构要求的情况下,向医疗机构销售少量药品,也不具有违法性,不应当进行处罚。这一结论也适用于零售药店从其他零售药店购进药品的处理。