管理者过度自信对股权融资成本的影响——基于信息透明度的视角

以2009年和2010年具备股权再融资资格的中国上市公司为研究对象,从信息透明度的角度考察管理者过度自信对股权融资成本的影响。研究发现:管理者过度自信对上市公司的信息透明度和股权融资成本具有负面影响;具体而言,管理者越倾向于过度自信,上市公司的收益平滑度越高,因此收益透明度越低;相比非过度自信管理者所在的企业,过度自信管理者所在企业的股权融资成本更高。     

管理层持股、股权集中度与公司资本结构——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文以1176家上市公司为样本,实证检验了资本结构与股权结构之间的关系。实证结果表明:①管理层持股比例与负债率负相关,但不显著;②较高的股权集中度导致高的负债率;③管理层持股比例与公司债务之间的关联性不受公司股权集中度影响;④股权集中度与公司债务之间的关联性受管理层持股比例的影响;⑤管理层持股比例和股权集中度的相互作用能够调节股权与资本结构之间的关系。本文得出了许多有助于诠释资本结构之谜的结论。     

控股股东所有权、双向资金占用与盈余质量

文章以我国上市公司2003-2005年的数据为样本,检验了控股股东所有权、双向资金占用和盈余质量之间的关系。研究发现,控股股东所有权与应计项目之间存在倒"N"型曲线关系;在控股股东持股较少时,控股股东通过占用上市公司资金降低了盈余质量,与所有权防御效应一致;当控股股东持股较多时,控股股东所有权与盈余质量之间呈现不显著的正相关。文章认为,如果控股股东通过双向资金占用影响盈余质量,那么盈余质量是低的;如果控股股东没有通过双向资金占用影响盈余质量,双向资金占用行为本身也会降低盈余质量。文章最后提出政策建议。     

国有控股上市公司控制权转移对经营绩效和代理成本的影响

本文对2000—2004年我国发生控制权转移的国有控股上市公司在控制权转移前后的经营绩效、代理成本进行了实证检验。结果表明：控制权转移后,公司的代理成本水平下降,经营绩效得到提高;卖方为地方的子样本代理成本的下降和经营绩效的改善大于卖方为中央企业的子样本;买方为民营的子样本的代理成本的下降和经营绩效的改善大于买方为国有的子样本;买方为国有的控制权转移经营绩效提高和代理成本下降主要来自最终控制人变更子样本。     

高管—员工薪酬差距、高管控制权与企业成长性——基于中小板上市公司面板数据的实证分析

中小企业在国民经济中的地位和作用使得如何保持其持续稳定的成长已成为一核心问题,而近些年来较大的高管-员工薪酬差距也普遍存在于中小企业中,因此文章利用2008—2012年中小板131家上市公司的平衡面板数据,将高管-员工绝对薪酬差距及以薪酬分位数比率来衡量的差距不公平性同时纳入研究体系,探究高管—员工薪酬差距对企业成长性的影响以及高管控制权对二者关系所产生的作用。文章研究结果表明中小企业在薪酬体系设计时,应将高管-员工薪酬差距控制在合理范围内,在注重其激励作用的同时兼顾公平性,并应避免高管控制权在此过程中的不利影响,以实现企业的长期发展。     

管理者过度自信与企业投资现金敏感度——基于英国上市公司的实证研究

本文以英国上市公司为样本,发现融资约束公司普遍表现出管理者过度自信与投资现金流敏感性之间显著的正相关关系。与此相反,这种积极的关系不能在融资无约束公司中找到。这个结果和预期相一致,即在融资约束公司中过度自信的管理者的投资决策应该比非过度自信的管理者投资决策对现金流更加敏感。因为,现金流的增加能够促使过度自信的管理者加大投资并达到他们想要的水平。     

The impact of managerial skills on employee outcomes: a cross cultural study

Leaders with global skills are in demand by MNCs. Global management skills depend on the applicability of management practices across cultures. Using data from managers in 50 countries, this study examines the interaction effect of cultural values and managerial skills on two outcomes, employees' attitudes and workgroup effectiveness. Our results indicate that cultural values tend to have a greater effect when a manager is less skilled than when the manager is highly skilled. When the manager is highly skilled, the interaction effects of culture tend to disappear. The practical and research implications of these findings are discussed.     

Safer Guildford

There has been an increasing trend in recent years for public agencies to work in partnership with each other and with commercial organizations, which has presented special managerial issues and problems. The Crime and Disorder Act 1998 gave the police and local authorities a statutory duty to work in partnership in order to promote and improve community safety. One such partnership is Safer Guildford, which was formed before the legislation came into force and which consequently already had a range of community safety initiatives in place. However, the partnership still had to comply with the new legislation and had to conduct an audit of crime and disorder in its area and publish a strategy for dealing with it. By examining the progress of Safer Guildford using a management perspective, a number of lessons can be drawn that will inform the future management of community safety partnerships.     

Exploring professionals' motivation to lead: a cross-level study in the healthcare sector

The extant leadership research has paid increasing attention to the concept of motivation to lead (MTL) as an individual construct that strongly affects leadership processes and behaviors. However, despite its importance, scant knowledge is available about how individual characteristics and organizational structural features interact in influencing MTL in professional-based organizations. This article contributes to this line of research by adopting a multilevel perspective to study the MTL among individual professionals in the healthcare sector. We collected data from a sample of 791 physicians nested in 44 departments belonging to 27 hospitals. Using the hierarchical linear model, we tested the impact of individual and organizational variables on the motivation of physicians to engage in managerial positions. Our findings demonstrate that the physicians' MTL was positively associated with their individual self-efficacy. Departmental decentralization interacted with this self-efficacy, such that the effect of self-efficacy on the MTL was significantly lower when decentralization was high. We discuss the implications of these findings for human resource management and organizational (re)design within professional organizations.