Equity Ownership and Firm Value: Evidence from Targeted Stock Repurchases

In contrast to the negative average abnormal return associated with the announcement of a control‐related targeted repurchase (greenmail transaction), we find that the announcement of a noncontrol‐related targeted repurchase is associated with a positive and significant average abnormal return. Cross‐sectional analysis indicates that the change in firm value at the announcement of a noncontrol‐related targeted repurchase is negatively related to the resulting changes in both insider ownership and outside blockholdings. We also find significant differences in announcement‐period stock price effects depending on the identity of the selling shareholder.     

Gender Differences in Managerial Careers: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

This longitudinal study of mid-career managers compared the career progression of men and women during the 1990's. Unlike the subjects of many earlier studies, these men and women had similar education and experience profiles. Womens income changes were less than men's and reflected the greater financial strides and greater returns from promotions for men prior to 1995. The income gaps between men and women were explained by gender differences in career determinants, such as work hours, career interruptions, and having a nonemployed spouse. There was evidence of subtle forms of workplace discrimination against women in the past but not over the most recent four-year period. Women's family situations, however, continued to present obstacles to progression. In addition, a recent decline in women's priorities for promotion, a predictor of actual promotions, signalled an impending decrease in their rate of promotion relative to men's.     

Managerial Ownership and Firm Value： Evidence from Real Estate Listed Companies of China

Based on the panel data method and the financial data from 2001 to 2003 periods of Chinese real estate listed companies, the paper studies the mutual relationship between managerial ownership and finn value. The results show that there is a significantly positive relationship between managerial ownership and finn value, and there is a significantly negative relationship between managerial ownership and cash holdings of companies, and circulation proportion of shares. However, managerial ownership hasn＇t significantly effect on corporate value, and there isn＇t optimal managerial ownership proportion. These results are very important to managerial incentive problem of real estate listed companies of our country.     

终极产权与公司价值——对中国上市公司激励与壁垒效应的实证检验

在终极产权的框架下,通过对2005年中国上市公司样本的研究,文章检验了公司大股东的激励效应与壁垒效应。实证结果表明,大股东现金流权与控制权的适当集中,一方面具有提高公司价值的作用,另一方面,随着控制权超过现金流权,二者发生偏离,公司的价值下降。对国有公司而言,其现金流权与控制权的偏离对价值并没有显著影响,但对家族公司而言,现金流权与控制权的偏离却与价值显著受相关,二者的偏离程度越大,公司的价值就越低。     

管理防御对上市公司资本结构的影响

在信息不对称和契约不完备的情况下,自利管理者与股东之间的利益冲突引发管理者固守职位并最大化自身效用的管理防御行为。从影响管理防御的管理者特征、管理者激励和管理者监督三个方面选择了7个因素,利用深、沪两市上市公司2001-2007年3804个样本,实证分析了管理防御影响因素对资本结构的影响。研究发现:在没有外部威胁的情况下防御的管理者偏好低负债,国有控制样本和非国有样本管理防御对资本结构影响存在一定差异。     

管理者过度自信,融资偏好与公司投资

通过公司投资与现金流之间的敏感度具体考察管理者的过度自信行为对我国上市公司内部或者外部融资偏好行为的影响,结果表明:总经理的年龄越大,任职时间越长,学历越高,以及当总经理拥有理工类教育背景时,总经理的过度自信行为越弱,因此,总经理更多地利用外部融资而不是内部融资,从而公司投资与现金流之间的敏感度越弱;而当总经理拥有经管类教育背景时,总经理的过度自信行为越强,因此,总经理更少地利用外部融资,从而公司投资与现金流之间的敏感度越强。     

绩效考核、管理者过度自信与成本费用粘性

文章运用2007-2011年我国A股主板上市公司数据,首次结合我国企业负责人绩效考核制度从心理学角度实证检验了管理者过度自信对公司成本费用管理决策的影响。研究结果表明,管理者过度自信使得其对自己的成本控制行为及其将来与供应商谈判的能力给予过高的预期,以及为避免收入下降带来的盈余下滑,公司管理者倾向于削减费用开支,进而使得我国管理者过度自信程度和公司成本费用粘性呈现负相关关系。较之非国有控股上市公司而言,国有控股上市公司负责人的薪酬、职务升迁在更大程度上取决于公司经营业绩,这使得国有控股上市公司管理者过度自信程度与成本费用粘性度的负相关关系更为显著。文章研究深化了成本费用粘性的心理学视角解说,弥补国内费用粘性相关研究的不足,丰富了管理者过度自信学术文献,并有助于客观评价企业负责人绩效考核制度的成败。     

关于城市社区管理模式改革的几点设想

城市社区管理模式改革的基本条件已具备;城市社区管理模式改革应适当扩大社区规模,在“自治”原则下,理顺关系,建立起科学的管理与服务体系,并建设一支专业化的城市社区管理队伍。     

Managerial Private Benefits and Overinvestment

According to agency theory, we hypothesize that underpayment of top management motivates management to overinvest. Using a sample of Chinese-listed companies for the period 2005-10, we assess the effect of managerial compensation on overinvestment and the effect of overinvestment on managerial private benefits, including future compensation and perquisites, as well as on firm performance. We find that underpayment does motivate overinvestment, which increases managerial private benefits but not firm value.     

Asset Revaluations in the Accounts of UK National Health Service Trusts

This paper reports the results of an investigation into the impact of the revaluation of fixed assets on the reported results of NHS ambulance services. It recalculates the accounting rate of return of individual trusts after removing revaluation adjustments and examines the published responses of trusts. The numerical analysis demonstrates that, in general, revaluation has depressed the stated rate of return in an inconsistent manner. Failure to meet the required rate of return may cause a trust to be subjected to additional monitoring and management reorganisation while the trusts respond by explaining deviations in the accounting return measure by referring to revaluations and other technical adjustments. Management decisions made in response to these accounting measures may be sub-optimal in delivering health care but appropriate in achieving the desired accounting outcome.