数学建模与素质教育

数学教育本质上是一种素质教育,数学建模的教学及竞赛是实施素质教育的有效途径,应该按素质教育的要求搞好数学建模竞赛。     

全球价值网络下中国企业低端锁定的博弈分析

长期以来,由于没有核心能力,中国企业处于全球价值网络的低端状态。这样会强化中国经济的粗放式发展,并可能造成环境破坏。在全球价值网络体系中,跨国公司与中国企业的地位是不对称的,跨国公司会通过各种方式来挤压中国企业的利润空间,迫使其长期锁定在价值创造的低端状态。本文从企业间能力差距的微观角度构造了跨国公司与中国企业之间低端锁定博弈模型。在低端锁定状态下,中国企业面临是否需要突破低端锁定的博弈选择。而跨国公司则存在是否需要封锁中国企业的突破行为的博弈选择。模型分析得出:跨国公司会无条件地对中国企业的价值升级路径实行封锁,但中国企业仅仅依靠自身能力却很难突破低端锁定状态。中国企业突破低端锁定存在的主要障碍表现在国内消费市场结构与规模、企业资金缺乏、企业心智模式与创新能力等方面的限制,因此中国企业突破低端锁定需要解决好这些问题。     

Packing for the trip: A model of competencies for successful expatriate hospitality assignment

This paper aims to propose a model to assist international hotel companies to prepare expatriate executives for their overseas assignments to minimize expatriate failure. Survey questionnaires measuring competences and skills of expatriation were administered to 66 representatives of the lodging associations and properties who are members in the International Hotel & Restaurant Association. Exploratory factor analysis findings indicate that three categories of attributes are keys for successful overseas assignments: personal competencies, global management skills, and expatriate adjustment. Human resource development professionals should be especially cognizant of identifying personal competencies as the distinguishing elements for selecting high-potential expatriate managers. Educational programs preparing students for work in international hospitality business should strive to expose students to all of the behavioral aspects of international hospitality business identified in this study.     

红外图像分析技术在地下管道识别中的应用

鉴于探测地下输油管线的位置、走向以及是否有支管接入盗油是油田亟待解决的问题,针对地下输油管线的红外图像特点,研究设计了1套完整的分析方法,该方法包含图像的滤波、直方图均衡、分割、数学形态学处理和骨架跟踪等技术,实验证明这种方法能够准确地标识管道主干和分支,为探测者提供清晰而形象的管道图像。     

企业核心竞争力审计评价指标体系研究

企业核心竞争力审计是当前亟待研究的一项重要内容。本文在分析了企业核心竞争力构成要素及其内涵的基础上,从核心技术能力、核心管理能力、核心制造能力和核心市场能力四大方面着手,设计了一套由35个具体指标构成的企业核心竞争力审计评价指标体系,并建立其评价模型。     

数学期望在经济学中的简便应用

数学期望在很多领域,都有着非常广泛的应用,本文通过一些具体实例,讨论概率统计学中的"数学期望"在经济保险,经济管理决策,经济预测等几个经济学问题中的应用。     

Diminished-dimensional political economy

Economists base policy advice on models of responses by a variety of economic entities to policy adoptions. There is compelling evidence that these entities do not optimize as mainstream economics assumes. Rather, they limit decision-making to solving problems of much smaller dimensionality. We consider how political economy goes awry when ignoring diminished dimensionality, and some research avenues opened up by this realization.     

Non-causal understanding with economic models: the case of general equilibrium

How can we use models to understand real phenomena if models misrepresent the very phenomena we seek to understand? Some accounts suggest that models may afford understanding by providing causal knowledge about phenomena via how-possibly explanations. However, general equilibrium models, for example, pose a challenge to this solution since their contribution appears to be purely mathematical results. Despite this, practitioners widely acknowledge that it improves our understanding of the world. I argue that the Arrow–Debreu model provides a mathematical how-possibly explanation which establishes claims of mathematical dependence. The account developed reveals how mathematical knowledge can inform claims about the world, allow ‘what-if-things-had-been-different’ inferences, and thus improve our understanding.     

独立学院的数学建模竞赛培训模式研究

在独立学院开展数学建模活动,是培养和提升大学生数学应用能力和创新能力的有效途径。文章结合新时期对应用型人才培养的要求,研究了独立学院数学建模竞赛培训的模式,并有针对性地探讨了一些具体措施。     

Multisource Ratings Of Managerial Competencies And Their Predictive Value For Managerial And Organizational Effectiveness

This study examined the predictive value of multisource ratings of managerial competencies for managerial and organizational effectiveness. Data from 155 subordinates, 59 peers, and 28 supervisors were gathered in order to provide insight into their perceptions on managerial competencies for their managers. With regard to the outcome variable (i.e., effectiveness), both individual‐level (subordinates’, peers’, and supervisors’ ratings of managers) and organizational‐level (Balanced Scorecard) measures were used. As expected, subordinates, peers, and supervisors have distinct perspectives on the managerial competencies that are relevant for effectiveness. Moreover, the specific managerial competencies differ in terms of their predictive validity respectively for managerial and organizational effectiveness. The outcomes of our study suggest that a multisource and multimethod approach is valuable in assessing both managerial competencies and managerial and organizational effectiveness. Several implications for human resource management practices are discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.