A game-theoretical model of the landscape theory

In this paper we examine a game-theoretical generalization of the landscape theory introduced by Axelrod and Bennett (1993). In their two-bloc setting each player ranks the blocs on the basis of the sum of her individual evaluations of members of the group. We extend the Axelrod–Bennett setting by allowing an arbitrary number of blocs and expanding the set of possible deviations to include multi-country gradual deviations. We show that a Pareto optimal landscape equilibrium which is immune to profitable gradual deviations always exists. We also indicate that while a landscape equilibrium is a stronger concept than Nash equilibrium in pure strategies, it is weaker than strong Nash equilibrium.     

大学科技园的社会责任及使命

大学科技园依托高校科教资源服务地方经济发展,肩负社会责任和使命担当,如何更好地履职和践行使命是当前大学科技园建设和发展关注的焦点。论文结合华中师范大学科技园的有关情况,阐述了大学科技园的社会责任与使命,重点探讨了大学科技园的社会责任及使命的实现机制。     

Characterizing the mission statements of benefit corporations: Empirical evidence from Italy

In 2015, Italy introduced a new legal form—“benefit corporation” (società benefit)—that provides legal status to companies that have one or more common benefit objectives in addition to the profit-seeking goal. Italian benefit corporations are obligated by law to operate in a responsible, sustainable, and transparent way and to include the interests of different stakeholders in their corporate strategy. This study examines the Italian case by applying textual statistical analysis on benefit corporations' public mission statements using the IRaMuTeQ software. Performing hierarchical cluster analysis and correspondence factor analysis identifies the “benefit” concept emerging from the mission statements in terms of promotion of individual skills, development of a new business model, and service to society. This study contributes to the debate on the content of mission statements by giving empirical evidence about this new form of business, and it provides some practical implications for managers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers.     

China＇s State Security in a Time of Peaceful Development： A New Issue on Research Agenda

This paper holds that China's national security during its peaceful rise is a new issue on the research agenda, which requires new counter‐measures and collective wisdom. The paper discusses five of China's objectives in addressing national security; namely, from highest to lowest priority, friction among big powers, the Taiwan issue, disputes over sovereignty, protection of interests overseas, and undertaking international responsibilities. Systematically achieving these objectives is of major importance for building up national defence and China's international image. China's state security in the current period of peaceful development is a new issue on the research agendum, for politicians, the military, scholars and researchers alike. Extensive and in‐depth discussion is needed. Global security commitments made by a big power might conflict with its own security interests and objectives. Judging by any standard, China's tasks are heavy and the road ahead is long. (Edited by Xinyu Fan)     

基于TOPSISI的空管运行单位安全能力分类评估研究

从空管一线运行单位的安全出发,考虑到航班量逐年递增以及各空管运行单位年飞行保障量存在较大地区性差异。为使各空管运行单位现有安全保障能力与其飞行保障量更好的匹配,将塔台、区域保障架次和跑道数量作为重要的属性来进行空管安全能力评估单位分类。运用已构建的评估指标体系,采用标准离差法-TOPSIS排序法,通过输出结果验证单位分类评估的合理性。     

MODELLING SOCIAL ENTERPRISES

The majority of research concentrates exclusively on the objectives of governments, profit entities or non‐profit organizations, while a significant number of organizations are hybrids. One form of these hybrids is the social enterprise. This paper theoretically describes social enterprises taking into consideration their main aims. Based on the ‘earned income’ school of thought, the principal‐agent theory and considering the nature of social enterprises’ activities we propose the objective functions of their owners (principals) and managers (agents). The maximization problem of the social enterprise is defined as the weighted average of the utilities of two groups of stakeholders who have an influence on the degree of the realization of the social mission and business orientations. We point out the direction which social enterprises should follow in order to obtain the highest value of their objective functions. The desired state for social enterprises should be one in which they reinvest all surpluses in the process of their mission realization and their profit is slightly higher than the required level by the principal's contract.     

品牌名在语言世界中的偏离现象研究

零度和偏离作为语言学的两个重要概念普遍存在于语言世界中。品牌名在语言世界中的零度是指语言运用符合各种规范，包括语音、词汇、语法规范等，偏离则是对语言规范的突破、变异等，从交际效果的角度可以将其分为正偏离和负偏离。分析研究各种品牌名的偏离现象能挖掘出产生偏离的原因与方法，从而积极地引导偏离效果由负面值转向正面值。     

A note on finite sample breakdown points of projection based multivariate location and scatter statistics

In this note, general results of finite sample breakdown point are obtained for two classes of projection based location and scatter statistics: the Stahel-Donoho statistics and the Maronna-Yohai statistics. It is shown that these projection based location and scatter statistics can achieve the maximum breakdown point of affine equivariant multivariate location and scatter statistics. General relationships between the finite sample breakdown point of these statistics and the uniform finite sample breakdown point of the sample median and a modified sample median absolute deviation are formally established. Received: May 1999     

内部控制信息可理解性研究

内部控制信息质量对于资本市场资源配置的有效性有着不可忽视的意义。但内部控制信息供给者的自我服务和内部控制信息受众的认知欠缺一定程度上阻断了信息的有效传递,使得投资者出现了信息认知偏差,影响了资本市场的有效性。基于内部控制信息是否可以被投资者理解的视角,提出内部控制信息需求者的认知偏差这一现状,并分析了造成这种认知偏差的因素,进而提出了优化措施。     

基于多代理系统的堆石坝施工动态可视化研究

文章在运用虚拟现实技术和面向对象设计方法的基础上，运用多代理系统的概念，把整个堆石坝工程可视化设计看作一个多代理系统，将堆石坝工程施工动态可视化设计中的各个环节抽象成代理，各个代理之间采用功能精确的协同方法进行交互，从而优化了堆石坝施工动态可视化设计的过程，提高了仿真模型的可理解性、可扩充性和模块性。