A forecast simulation analysis of the next‐generation DVD market based on consumer preference data

Just as standards wars over formats had characterized VCRs upon introduction to the market, the next‐generation DVD standards war between Blu‐Ray and HD‐DVD lasted 6 years before Blu‐Ray won the contest. Beginning with stated preference data drawn from a structured conjoint survey conducted before Blu‐Ray became the de facto standard of the next‐generation DVD format, we estimate consumer preferences on digital video players. A Bayesian mixed‐logit model is used and market share simulations are conducted under various scenarios based on the estimated parameters from Bayesian mixed‐logit model to surmise the future South Korean digital video‐player market. Results indicate that consumers feel that network size and title availability are more important than hardware‐related facets of the product, such as definition and storage capacity. The level of title availability and price of the Blu‐Ray player for Blu‐Ray's dominance over DVD will dramatically vary by the penetration rate of DVD players.     

浙江某高速公路路面结构设计比较

以浙江某区新建双向6车到高速公路为背景,分别运用半刚性路面结构沥青路面和混合式沥青路面进行设计,通过软件计算各路面结构值和分析气候条件,通过对比得出具体采用方法。     

价格、时间敏感性供应链收益混合分配契约模型研究

供应链企业通过何种契约方式进行协同合作，以达到整体目标的最优，是供应链管理的一个重要研究课题。在一个两阶供应链系统中，面对价格和响应时间敏感性市场需求，文章通过引入供应商的激励——响应时间函数和市场关于价格和响应时间的需求函数，构建了供应链的收益混合分配契约模型，最后文章给出了算例分析，验证了该模型的可行性。     

WELFARE ENHANCING COORDINATION IN CONSUMER COOPERATIVES UNDER MIXED OLIGOPOLY

The recent globalization of world economies has led the retail markets of developed countries towards increasing levels of integration and strategic interdependence. A non negligible share of retail and food markets is currently served by co‐operative societies. Consistently with this trend, the consumer cooperatives have recently experienced increasing levels of integration. The main aim of this paper is to study the welfare effects of coordination among consumer cooperatives competing in quantities in a mixed oligopoly against profit‐maximizing firms. We show that, in absence of agency problems, under increasing or constant returns to scale a higher output coordination of the consumer cooperatives does not affect the total welfare as long as a nonnegative profit constraint holds in these firms. On the other hand, under decreasing returns to scale, the consumer cooperatives contribute more to social welfare when acting on behalf of all consumers. This is because, by coordinating consumers’ preferences, these firms can reduce their market output, thus helping the market to come closer to the first best. All together these results seem to provide an argument in favour of the recent process of integration involving consumer cooperatives in many developed countries.     

交易成本、禀赋效应与国有股权转让定价——兼论国有企业混合所有制改革的新思路

国有企业混合所有制改革是积极发展混合所有制经济的关键,完善的定价机制有助于推进国有企业混合所有制改革。国有股转让过程中存在大量的交易成本,扭曲了定价体系。基于科斯定理,可以发现,明晰产权是优化定价体系有效途径。但是,禀赋效应的存在,使得科斯定理无法完全解决国有股转让定价问题。对此,需要采取市场和非市场的政策组合,以此来完善国有股转让定价机制,推进国有企业混合所有制改革。     

双寡头竞争下的反倾销与补贴政策比较

与现有相关研究只注重Cournot模型不同,文章在Bertrand模型中,就反倾销税和生产补贴对进口国产量、进口量、消费量及社会福利等方面影响进行比较,试图理解进口国政府使用反倾销为代表的进口保护手段的动因。分析表明,在进口产品和本国产品差别不大的情况下,如果进口产品对本国产品具有明显的成本（即价格）优势,进口国政府从本国社会福利出发,会倾向使用反倾销税为代表的进口保护政策。根据结论,针对中国遭遇反倾销的现实,提出了调整出口目标和理念、调整和优化出口产品结构、调整中国出口产品的竞争策略等对策措施。     

销售努力与价格干扰下的回购契约模型分析

实现供应链协调的一个重要方法就是供应链契约,以一个两阶段存货式生产供应链系统为背景,研究了在销售努力可以核实的前提下,零售价格与销售努力水平同时影响市场需求时的回购契约协调问题。首先在集中决策下给出系统最优的订货量、努力水平和零售价格,然后解释了分散决策下传统回购契约失灵的原因。为此,引入基于努力成本共担与最高限价的混合回购契约,实现了供应链协调。最后,通过数值算例对模型进行了检验。     

The Panzar–Rosse revenue test and market power in banking

The Panzar–Rosse H statistic is a commonly used measure of market power in banking. It is widely believed that $H>0$ is inconsistent with significant market power. This study rigorously disproves that perception. Instead, the possibility of $H>0$ under conditions of substantial market power turns out robust to the timing of banks’ actions, relative costs, choice of strategic variable, degree of product differentiation, strategy (static or dynamic), and degree of heterogeneity in banks’ conduct (collusive versus fringe), and hence may be common in practice.     

Price Rigidity and Industrial Concentration: Evidence from the Indonesian Food and Beverages Industry

This paper investigates the relationship between industrial concentration and price rigidity in the Indonesian food and beverages industry. A Cournot model of firm behavior is used in which prices adjust according to a partial adjustment mechanism. The model is applied to panel data of the Indonesian food and beverages industry over the period 1995–2006. The results suggest that industrial concentration has a positive effect on percentage price changes. Furthermore, the speed of price adjustment is higher when the per unit cost of production rises.