Home bias in multimarket Cournot games

We explore the role of trade costs for the home bias in trade. In a series of Cournot duopoly experiments with a home and an export market, we compare output choices when firms face different levels of trade costs. We find that there is two-way trade in identical products and that firms hold the majority market share in their home market. The resulting home bias turns out to be, however, stronger than that predicted by theory, and it even occurs without trade costs. Tacit collusion contributes to the home bias observed in our experiment but does not offer a full explanation for the phenomenon.     

Comparing guests’ key attributes of peer-to-peer accommodations and hotels: mixed-methods approach

As peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodations have grown exponentially, it is critical to understand motivations for guests to choose a P2P accommodation instead of a hotel. The current study seeks to understand these motivations by using mixed-methods approach to compare online reviews for P2P accommodations and hotels. Through quantitative analysis, thematic analysis, and text mining, this study provides analysis of 800 reviews from New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Houston. The results consistently show that guests in P2P emphasize relationships with hosts, whilst hotel guests place more values on room attributes.     

Demand for environmentally friendly vehicles: A review and new evidence

Although the need for more environmentally friendly vehicles was recognized some decades ago, this new market has not yet established itself. Consumer behavior needs to be studied to ascertain when people will decide to purchase hybrid or electric vehicles rather than conventional ones. An in-depth review of the state-of-the-art has identified existing deficiencies and these are addressed in this paper, proposing a new approach that is applied to the case of Santander in Spain. Emphasis is placed on the role of citizens in researching the local market and their requirements with respect to such vehicles; our model assumes variability in user preferences, an utmost requirement as concluded from the literature review. Results suggest that the highest demand for cleaner vehicles would be achieved in two ways: firstly, by penalizing conventional vehicles in terms of costs/km; secondly, by providing incentives directed at lowering the purchasing price of hybrid and electric vehicles. Finally, as demand becomes more elastic, the preferred strategy should initially focus on hybrid vehicles.     

金融混业经营趋势对保险业发展的影响及对策

混业经营实质上是指金融业内部的分工与协作关系,即银行、证券公司、保险公司、信托机构在业务上相互融合、渗透与交叉,开展多元化经营.随着金融监管制度不断完善,风险管理技术日益成熟,金融混业经营逐渐成为现代国际金融业发展的主导趋向.从我国加入WTO到入世五年过渡期的结束,金融市场已全面开放,中资金融机构混业经营问题再次成为经济学关注的焦点.针对金融混业经营给保险业在资本风险和经营风险等方面带来的潜在和现实影响,在外部监管和内部控制等方面提出了一些应对策略.     

Modelling Strategies for Repeated Multiple Response Data

This article discusses modelling strategies for repeated measurements of multiple response variables. Such data arise in the context of categorical variables where one can select more than one of the categories as the response. We consider each of the multiple responses as a binary outcome and use a marginal (or population‐averaged) modelling approach to analyse its means. Generalized estimating equations are used to account for different correlation structures, both over time and between items. We also discuss an alternative approach using a generalized linear mixed model with conditional interpretations. We illustrate the methods using data from a panel study in Australia called the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics Survey.     

Feedback equilibria in a dynamic renewable resource oligopoly: Pre-emption,voracity and exhaustion

We revisit a recent literature on productive asset exploitation describing a differential oligopoly game of resource extraction under static, linear feedback and nonlinear feedback strategies, where we explicitly allow for the possibility of resource exhaustion. We show that (i) feedback rules entail resource exhaustion for a finite number of firms; and (ii) feedback strategies are more aggressive than static ones as long as the resource stock is large enough, in accordance with the acquired view based on the traditional pre-emption argument associated with feedback information.     

Efficiency loss in a Cournot oligopoly with convex market demand

We consider a Cournot oligopoly model where multiple suppliers (oligopolists) compete by choosing quantities. We compare the social welfare achieved at a Cournot equilibrium to the maximum possible, for the case where the inverse market demand function is convex. We establish a lower bound on the efficiency of Cournot equilibria in terms of a scalar parameter derived from the inverse demand function, namely, the ratio of the slope of the inverse demand function at the Cournot equilibrium to the average slope of the inverse demand function between the Cournot equilibrium and a social optimum. Also, for the case of a single, monopolistic, profit maximizing supplier, or of multiple suppliers who collude to maximize their total profit, we establish a similar but tighter lower bound on the efficiency of the resulting output. Our results provide nontrivial quantitative bounds on the loss of social welfare for several convex inverse demand functions that appear in the economics literature.     

谈公路工程施工中水泥稳定碎石的应用

近年来我国公路发展迅速,沥青混凝土路面广为应用,但沥青混凝土面层的刚度小,荷载分布能力弱,需设基层作为半刚性沥青路面的主要承重层。本文从材料要求和施工控制等方面,对水泥稳定碎石在公路施工中的应用进行论述。     

基于批次模式的多维粒度供应链订单配置研究

通过从时间、产品、销售区域、客户四维方向对批次模式下订单进行优化配置研究。以总利润最大为目标函数,建立了基于批次模式的多维粒度订单配置模型,最后使用lingo软件对算例进行求解,得到基于批次模式下的订单最优配置方案和相应订单的混合策略,为供应链生产和管理提供决策依据。