电梯能效等级划分标准之探讨

电梯属于高能耗的特种设备。本文通过对在用电梯进行大量的试验和检测，在深入分析电梯能耗构成及影响电梯能耗因素的基础上，重点研究了电梯能耗测试和能效等级分类方法等关键问题，为制定电梯能效等级划分标准提出了科学的技术依据，填补了国内空白，以期为监察部门贯彻落实节能法提出的对电梯高耗能特种设备实行节能审查和监管提供有力的技术支撑。     

复杂多变形势下集团企业管理整合的必要性和路径选择——以重庆烟草为例

以重庆烟草行业为例，从复杂多变的环境、行业的改革发展要求、自身发展的内驱动力三个方面分析了集团企业管理资源整合的必要性和优化匹配的重要性，同时指出了管理整合的新要求、新条件、新时机和实施管理资源整合的路径。     

ROBUST ASSET ALLOCATION WITH BENCHMARKED OBJECTIVES

In this paper, we introduce a new approach for finding robust portfolios when there is model uncertainty. It differs from the usual worst‐case approach in that a (dynamic) portfolio is evaluated not only by its performance when there is an adversarial opponent (“nature”), but also by its performance relative to a stochastic benchmark. The benchmark corresponds to the wealth of a fictitious benchmark investor who invests optimally given knowledge of the model chosen by nature, so in this regard, our objective has the flavor of min–max regret. This relative performance approach has several important properties: (i) optimal portfolios seek to perform well over the entire range of models and not just the worst case, and hence are less pessimistic than those obtained from the usual worst‐case approach; (ii) the dynamic problem reduces to a convex static optimization problem under reasonable choices of the benchmark portfolio for important classes of models including ambiguous jump‐diffusions; and (iii) this static problem is dual to a Bayesian version of a single period asset allocation problem where the prior on the unknown parameters (for the dual problem) correspond to the Lagrange multipliers in this duality relationship. This dual static problem can be interpreted as a less pessimistic alternative to the single period worst‐case Markowitz problem. More generally, this duality suggests that learning and robustness are closely related when benchmarked objectives are used.     

同伴互评的小组视频展示在大学英语教学中的实效性研究——基于建构主义视域

基于建构主义视域,以实证研究的方法分析探讨了同伴互评的小组视频展示在大学英语教学中的实效性。实验结果表明:学生广泛认可并信任同伴互评的方式,同伴互评的小组视频展示不仅能有效地提高学生的口语交际能力和综合语言应用能力,而且有助于提高学生的学业成绩,培养学生学习英语的兴趣、发挥想象力和创造力以及促进协作学习。     

成型设备增塑剂系统电气控制可靠性探讨

文章通过介绍成型设备增塑剂系统的流程和控制方式,运用可靠性理论,完善其控制和检测,并结合设备的实际情况,提出改进的具体方法。     

物流与物流法制环境的关系研究

物流作为商品流通的基础,不仅把商品从生产地转移到了消费地,而且也把生产者与消费者连接到了一起。物流效率的高低不仅关系到作为生产者的企业的效益,而且也与每一个国民的日常生活息息相关。从物流与物流法制环境的关系看,物流活动的存在及发展状况本身是物流法制产生的基础,而法律是实现高效、安全物流的主要手段之一,物流法制环境影响着物流的效率与安全。     

Re‐assessing the long‐term underperformance of UK Initial Public Offerings

Previous work has identified that IPOs underperform a market index, and the purpose of this paper is to examine the robustness of this finding. We re‐examine the evidence on the long‐term returns of IPOs in the UK using a new data set of firms over the period 1985–92, in which we compare abnormal performance based on a number of alternative methods including a calendar‐time approach. We find that, using an event‐time framework, there are substantial negative abnormal returns to an IPO after the first 3 years irrespective of the benchmark used. However, over the 5 years after an IPO, abnormal returns exhibit less dramatic underperformance, and the conclusion on negative abnormal returns depends on the benchmark applied. Further if these returns are measured in calendar time, we find that the (statistical) significance of underperformance is even less marked.     

Why Do Large Firms' Prices Anticipate Earnings Earlier than Small Firms' Prices?*

This paper presents evidence that the positive association between firm size and price leads of earnings is not solely a function of private search incentives for firm‐specific information. Specifically, we find that small‐firm prices also lag large‐firm prices with respect to industry‐wide information. Our empirical analysis extends Collins, Kothari, and Rayburn 1987 and Freeman 1987, who document that security‐price leads of earnings are positively associated with market capitalization. In particular, we examine the association between firm size and the timing of security returns for two components of annual earnings changes: the average change for a firm's industry and the firm's idiosyncratic change. We find that large firms' prices have a longer lead than small firms' prices with respect to both components. Large firms' early lead on industry‐wide earnings suggests that returns of large firms predict returns of same‐industry small firms. To test this implication, we construct a portfolio of long (short) positions in small firms when the prior month's returns of large firms in their industry are above (below) average for large firms in other industries. This zero investment portfolio earns 4.5 percent over 12 months.     

上市公司各利益群体的nash均衡与重构

多年来,我国股市乱象丛生,这与我国股市有效性差和利益关系失衡有很大关系,也是监管不到位和群体利益协调措施不当产生的后果。为了建立公平有效的资本市场,使投资者、上市公司等各利益群体回归理性,诚实守信,实现多方共赢,共同维护健康均衡的资本市场是当务之急。     

REPRESENTATIONS AND INFLUENCE PROCESSES IN GROUPS: TOWARDS A SOCIO-COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE ON COGNITION IN ORGANIZATION

The cognitive approach to organizations assumes the existence of collective representations in organizations. This article critically examines this assumption and proposes the adoption of a socio-cognitive perspective on collective cognition in organizations. This theoretical current, which rejects the traditional individual/social dichotomy and relies on the concept of social representation, advocates the study of social cognition, which implies a change in the unit of analysis from the individual/social levels to interactions. A collective representation is viewed as being related to the socio-cognitive dynamics occurring between interacting group members. Communication and influence processes are thus critical to the construction of a collective representation. The socio-cognitive perspective, and the theory of social influence which it involves, can offer new and important insights on everyday thinking and behaving in organizations. However, this perspective calls for new methodological approaches to the study of organizational cognition.