二元性失业的根源分析

从2008年开始,中国又一次面临比较沉重的就业压力,这次的就业压力具有其突出的特点,是在劳动力供给数量并未出现大幅度增长情况下的二元性失业。从表面上看,沉重的就业压力是以美国次贷危机为起点的世界性金融危机的结果,但其深层次原因却在于分工受阻导致的劳动力吸收能力下降,因此,为分工扩张创造更大的空间,采取以深化分工为导向的政策措施,提升分工水平是解决当前二元性失业问题的基本途径。     

“安倍经济学”与“李克强经济学”孰优孰劣

在外界看来,安倍经济学喜迎东风,李究竟哪一种发展模式能够真正实现经济持续健康发展的神话?然而,哪一种发展模式更加适应本国国情,真正能实现国富民强?     

Is the CSR Craze Good for Society? The Welfare Economic Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility

Abstract

Welfare economic analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) equates CSR with the provision of private goods bundled with provision of public goods (or, in the symmetrical case, bundled with the curtailment of public bads). Two common examples are cause-related marketing and “green goods” where private goods are sold at premiums that are then used to pay for provision of public goods and/or curtailment of public bads. This paper expands upon the model of Besley and Ghatak (2007 Besley, T. and Ghatak, M. 2007. “Retailing Public Goods: The Economics of Corporate Social Responsibility,”. Journal of Public Economics, 91(9): 1645–1663. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) for the case of imperfect government to develop a complete typology for analyzing whether the provision/curtailment of public goods/bads will be best served by companies (through CSR), by imperfect governments or by non-profit organizations. Finally the paper discusses the main differences between the welfare economic approach to CSR and the general multi-disciplinary CSR literature.     

比较创新体制与比较历史创新体制——开创比较经济学研究的新框架

近十几年来,建基于新制度经济学和博弈论的广泛影响,比较制度分析和历史制度分析在比较经济学领域已经成为最有影响的分析范式,但它在处理技术创新、制度演化和结构变迁等诸多问题上却存在着固有的缺陷。为了克服这些缺陷,本文以演化经济学的研究纲领为基础,提出了比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制作为比较经济学研究新框架的构想,简要说明了它在基础理论上与比较制度分析和历史制度分析所存在的重大差别,论述了这种新框架的概念、体系内容和意义所在,综述了相关研究的最新进展,并讨论了比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制的重大前沿问题。本文认为,比较创新体制和比较历史创新体制是我国创新型国家建设不可或缺的研究工具,它为比较经济学的新发展提供了最有价值的新范式和新框架,比较经济学界不应该把其发展排除在视野之外。     

A Critical Review of the Rationale Approach to the Microfoundation of Post-Keynesian Theory

While modeling macroeconomic interactions, post-Keynesians propose rationales to verbally motivate the choice of behavioral equations. This informal approach to microfoundation results in inconsistencies and fuzzy arguments. The rationales for different behavioral rules are mutually inconsistent, require strong and nontransparent assumptions, or refer to highly endogenous variables that are not part of the model. The postulated behavioral rules are invariant to endogenous changes in the microenvironment, whereas the rationales imply that they adjust endogenously. The prevailing assumption of purely backward-looking expectations is neither theoretically nor empirically satisfying. The article concludes that revisiting the issue of microfoundation within the post-Keynesian framework may be a rewarding line of research. Furthermore, post-Keynesians should be open to various microfoundations as long as models feature the core of post-Keynesian theory—the principle of effective demand.     

Spatial Pattern and Spatiotemporal Evolution of China＇s National Historic Cities

基于地理信息系统空间分析技术,从微观、中观、宏观三个尺度对我国国家历史文化名城的地域分布差异和发展演变特征进行分析探讨,结果表明：在微观的市县级范围内,县级及以下名城的分布相对分散,地级及以上名城在我国东部和中部县市相对集中;在中观的省域范围内,1982年以来的一、二、三批名城在省域覆盖范围内具有较为明显的东南部、北部、中西部重心格局演变的特征;从全国范围来看,国家历史文化名城空间上总体表现为由东到西数量递减的非均衡分布特征,时空演变总体表现为由大中城市向中小城市,由中心城市、中部城市向边缘城市、地域特色城市,由直辖城市、省会城市向地级城市、县级城市、甚至城市的一个行政区扩展的特征。国家历史文化名城的批复发展在考虑各尺度区域范围内的等级差异和不均衡分布的基础上走向了科学化、细致化。     

Motivating a Productive Discussion of Normative Issues Through Debates

In this article, the author presents a way of using in-class debates to discuss contentious issues and help students develop critical thinking skills. Three elements were incorporated into an undergraduate public finance course: a presentation of ethical approaches in order to formally discuss normative issues, class debates which required students to work in groups and imaginatively occupy a perspective with which they were not personally comfortable, and individual reflection which forced students to reconcile their beliefs with academic evidence. The results show that even if students did not change their perspectives on economic policy, the reasons why they have those perspectives did change to be based in academic theory and evidence and not their blind adherence to specific political platforms.     

A Study of Mathematic Model to the Development of Regional Industry Cluster

This paper analyzes the factors that influence the development of regional industry cluster, which are location factors, accumulatable factors, and external factors. Then regarding the similarity between the development of industry cluster and biology community, a modified logistic model is built, and a field study is made between the real instances and the model.     

南水北调中线水源地生态与经济系统动态分析——以汉中市为例

把生态与经济系统耦合类型划分为生态良好经济发达型、生态良好经济欠发达型、生态脆弱经济发达型、生态脆弱经济欠发达型四种。基于生态足迹理论,构建了生态资本效用指数、生态&经济协调指数,对南水北调工程水源地汉中市1990～2009年生态经济系统运行态势进行了动态分析。结果如下:生态资本供需变化较大:1993年以前为生态盈余,1994～2001年为基本持平,2002～2009年为轻度赤字;生态压力逐渐增大,由1990年的0.74提高到2009年的1.15;2009年的生态资本转换效用是1990年的1.82倍,同期生态与经济协同发展指数提高了2.01倍。研究表明,汉中市生态与经济系统目前属于生态良好经济欠发达型。据此,提出了生态资源经济化的路径与建议。     

互联网中版权制度的经济学分析

网络中的版权不同于传统的版权,传统的版权制度在信息技术普及的今天遭遇到了严重困扰。互联网时代的数字作品的有其不同于传统作品的特点,基于经济学的角度,互联网中版权制度所应确立的原则、版权人利益和社会利益之间的平衡等问题有必要进行重新的认识,以利于版权制度的建全与完善。