两型社会建设背景下湖南农村生态消费发展对策研究

两型社会建设是生态文明建设的重要途径,生态消费是两型社会建设的基石。作为湖南最大的消费者群体,湖南农村消费者是湖南生态消费和两型社会建设的一支重要生力军,应当有所作为。但是现阶段湖南省农村生产消费中还存在着农业资源的高投入、非可持续发展、粗放式生产、资源浪费程度高等一些生产性消费问题和重消费、轻环保,消费观念相对落后、消费结构不合理等一些生活性消费问题,农村生态消费的建设和发展需要通过政府的引导和激励,也需要通过加强农村的消费教育吸引更多的农村消费者来参与。     

我国中央与地方政府税权划分的博弈初探

中央和地方政府作为相互独立的利益主体,在税权划分过程中均存在博弈行为。文章在研究我国中央与地方政府税权格局的基础上,认为税权划分应该坚持中央集中主导性与地方适度分权相结合的原则,同时利用博弈论的基本模型,探讨了中央与地方之间税权划分的理想模式,对我国税权体制改革,具有重大的现实意义。     

基于区域合作的聊城旅游业发展对策研究

区域旅游经济合作是一个世界范围内的旅游业发展大趋势。本文主要是在区域经济合作理论的指导下,分析了聊城市旅游业的发展现状及发展优势,在其资源禀赋、市场结构、交通优势的基础上,提出了融入周边城市旅游大发展格局的思路及战略,旨在通过旅游业区域合作使得聊城市的旅游业发展更上一个台阶。     

Country of Origin Effect for Food Products from Developing and Transition Countries: A PLS Analysis of German Consumers’ Perception

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the importance of the country of origin (COO) effect in German consumers’ perception of chocolate quality using the example of chocolate made from Ecuadorian raw cocoa. From earlier COO and consumer perception research, a complex research framework grounded in schema and attribution theory has been developed acknowledging the multifactorial character of consumers’ food quality perception. Based on this framework, a PLS analysis of primary data from an online survey of 205 German chocolate consumers is conducted. The results demonstrate the overall applicability of the research framework and give evidence on the underlying complex consumer perception process of COO-labeled food products. For the case of chocolate made from Ecuadorian cocoa, PLS estimations show a strong COO effect in German consumers’ quality perceptions and identify characteristics of the target consumer group. Protecting geographical indications may offer a potential for products from developing and transition countries to differentiate in the German market, a prime example for European markets, and should be promoted more strongly by government offices and NGOs.     

历史时期祁连山区森林演化及影响因子分析——以清至民国为研究时段

清代至民国期间祁连山区森林总体呈现逐渐减少的演化趋势。通过对影响因素的分析,可以排除自然因素的影响,不合理的人类活动是造成清至民国期间祁连山区森林这种演化趋势的主要驱动因素。人类活动对祁连山区森林的破坏主要有农业垦殖、木材买卖贸易、矿业开发、烧制木炭、以及战争毁林等其它途径。这期间人们也不乏对祁连山区森林的保护,但总体上没有能遏制森林不断减少的趋势。     

Rural poverty in Mexico: assets and livelihood strategies among the Mayas of Yucatán

Understanding poverty and sustainability needs livelihood studies that acknowledge heterogeneity at the community and household level. This is particularly true for Latin America where inequality and ethnicity are important aspects of poverty and sustainability. This paper is a detailed examination of the natural resources, socio-economic assets and livelihood strategies of two Mayan communities of the Mexican State of Yucatán. There were three fundamental objectives: to elucidate the people's perceptions of poverty, to analyse their resource use and livelihood strategies, and to suggest ways in which access to markets can reduce poverty and enhance sustainable development. Using qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the dominance of certain successful strategies are made clear. First, milpa—the traditional system of maize production—is a way of life for the Mayas. Secure access to maize-producing land is a valuable asset, partly because it also attracts government subsidies. Second, ownership of small livestock is also part of Mayan life. Ownership of other assets such as beehives gives access to (relatively) lucrative product markets. Third, active agribusiness marketing also requires assets: ownership of transport services; finance to assemble and sell products such as forest fruits, honey and maize; business skills and an ability to create commercial linkages to traders. Appropriate interventions for different wealth groups are suggested to enhance sustainable development of the communities.     

湖北省两大贫困区PPT战略模式比较

在湖北大别山区和大鄂西地区,是湖北省实施PPT战略的重点地区,但由于地区经济、交通状况、资源特性等原因,两地的PPT战略模式有所不同。大别山区应发展环城市旅游休闲度假模式,而大鄂西地区应以神农架自然保护区、武当山世界文化遗产为核心发展专项旅游精品模式。文章就这两个发展模式的基本要素进行了比较研究,并提出了各自的开发思路。     

美国大都市连绵带的综合考察及启示

自20世纪后半期起,美国城市化发生了巨大变化,人口流动由过去的农村人口向城市集中,转变为人口向大都市集中,大型大都市呈优先增长态势。同时,大型大都市的城市中心人口向郊区转移,多个大型大都市规模扩大,最后连成一片连,形成了大都市连绵带。作为城市的航母,大都市连绵带在美国社会、经济和文化生活中都发挥着极为重要的作用,成为美国经济发展的龙头区域。文章就美国大都市连绵带的定义、形成机制、特征及辐射力进行探讨,以寻求对我国城市群建设的启发。     

旅游经济园区的建设及空间模式

旅游经济园区兼具旅游功能与园区集聚功能,表现出"一体二翼"和"S曲线效应"的发展特征,成为当前景区发展的重要形式。按照空间关系,旅游经济园区可分为景区包容型、景区外扩型、景区交错型、产业区包容型四种模式。旅游经济园区建设必须遵循国家、地方土地利用法令、法规,坚持景区近邻性原则和地域性原则,以资源禀赋特点为基础,走产业多样化道路,促进旅游经济与区域产业经济良性互动,并以浙江天目山国家自然保护区为例进行了实证分析。     

我国欠发达地区教育公共投资低发展陷阱研究——基于代际传递的实证分析

文章基于内生增长理论建立了一个人力资本区域溢出模型,考察了我国劳动力的区域流动带来的人力资本的溢出效应,以及由此产生的教育公共投资决策的变化.理论和实证研究表明,劳动力的区域流动使发达地区基于社会经济环境优势获得欠发达地区的人力资本投资的溢出效应,并抑制其教育公共投资的激励,差距随着经济和教育投资的不同增长路径越来越大,欠发达地区教育投资的代际传递使社会经济有陷入"低发展陷阱"的危险.而解决问题的关键则是通过积极的公共政策实现外部效应内部化,达到教育平等、投资合理和发展均衡的效果.