The role of innovative entrepreneurship within Colombian business cycle scenarios: A system dynamics approach

Since the advent of public and private initiatives in Colombia, there has been interest in exploring the possible future pathways of the Colombian business cycle. Based on a foresight analysis, it has been identified on the one hand that it is necessary to achieve greater productivity and competitiveness and on the other hand, collective intentionality towards progress must be encouraged. Using these analyses, new Colombian scenarios are discussed, taking into account intentionality towards entrepreneurship and innovation. Following the entrepreneurship research, it is suggested that innovative entrepreneurial activity is linked to long-term economic growth. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify the role of innovative entrepreneurship in Colombian business cycle scenarios using system dynamics (SD) modelling. Here, we approach futures studies, testing dynamic hypotheses concerning development based on societal and socioeconomic integration, in which innovative entrepreneurship is highly relevant. The model, supported by circular flow analysis and Schumpeterian theory, shows how this type of entrepreneurship contributes to sustainable economic growth during the simulation period (2003–2032). To achieve a 6.77% average growth rate (the higher scenario), policies regarding knowledge transfer from specialized foreign individuals, incumbent firms and universities, as well as incentives for entrepreneurial societies and collectivism, are discussed.     

Financial integration,globalization, and real activity

Using data for 48 advanced and emerging market economies during 1985–2008, this paper examines the impact of measures of financial integration and globalization on several dimensions of real activity. We find that both advances in financial integration and globalization are associated with higher growth, lower growth volatility, and lower probabilities of severe declines in real activity, with the positive impact of financial integration on macroeconomic stability enhanced by improvements in corporate governance. Thus, we find no evidence of a trade-off between advances in financial integration, globalization, and growth and macroeconomic stability.     

The impact of the sovereign debt crisis on the activity of Italian banks

We examine the implications of the sovereign debt tensions on the Italian credit market by estimating the effect of the 10-year BTP-Bund spread on a wide array of bank interest rates, categories of loans and income statement variables. We exploit the heterogeneity between large and small intermediaries to assess to what extent the transmission of sovereign risk differed in relation with different banks’ balance-sheet characteristics and business strategies. Regarding the cost of funding, we find that changes in the BTP-Bund spread have a sizeable effect on the interest rates on term deposits and newly issued bonds but virtually no effect on overnight deposits. Furthermore, the sovereign spread significantly affects the cost of credit for firms and households and exerts a negative effect on loan growth. All these results are magnified when considering alone the five largest banks, which are typically less capitalized, have a larger funding gap and incidence of bad loans and rely more on non-traditional banking activities. Sovereign tensions also affect the main items of banks’ income statement.     

甜菜碱醛脱氢酶在抗逆境植物种质资源鉴定中的作用

通过对不同类型小麦品种幼芽中BADH蛋白的Westernblot分析和酶活性测定并与其抗逆性进行比较分析,表明不同品种小麦幼芽中BADH蛋白含量和酶活性与其抗旱性密切相关,抗旱性强的品种BADH的含量和活性比抗性弱的高;提出以BADH蛋白含量和活性可作为植物抗性种质快速的早期鉴定的参考指标,为筛选抗逆植物品种和开发利用植物资源提供依据。     

企业非市场行为的战略化路径——基于创新驱动的观点

本文运用文献分析和理论推演等多种研究方法,从企业微观主体出发,以创新驱动力的观点透视企业非市场行为对于提升企业竞争环境和竞争优势的重要性,不仅从制度环境的外部压力看企业非市场行为,也将企业非市场行为视为企业谋求生存空间的重要战略手段,并在此基础上提出了企业非市场行业的多种战略化路径的研究结论.     

Scheduling a maintenance activity and due-window assignment based on common flow allowance

We study a due-window assignment problem on a single machine. The job-dependent due-windows are obtained by the common flow allowance criterion. The scheduler has the option to perform a maintenance activity which is rate modifying, i.e., improves the processing times of the following jobs. We consider a number of versions of this setting: (i) The maintenance requires a constant time, (ii) The maintenance duration is an increasing function of its starting time (linear deterioration), and (iii) The maintenance duration is position-dependent (general deterioration). We study the standard setting of regular job processing times, and investigate also the extension to position-dependent processing times. The set of potential optimal positions for the maintenance activity is fully characterized. Consequently, the problems based on all the combinations of these settings are shown to be solved in polynomial time.     

Economic burden,work, and school productivity in individuals with tuberous sclerosis and their families

Aims: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a multi-organ autosomal-dominant, genetic disorder with incomplete penetrance. The multiple manifestations of TSC and impacts to numerous organ systems represent significant disease, healthcare, and treatment burden. The economic and employment burden of the disease on individuals and their families is poorly understood. This study assessed the cost of illness and work and school productivity burden associated with TSC in a cross-sectional web-survey sample.

Materials and methods: Eligible TSC individuals and caregivers were invited through the Tuberous Sclerosis Alliance advocacy group to complete a web-based survey about illness characteristics, treatment, disease burden, direct and indirect healthcare costs, work and school impairment.

Results: Data from 609 TSC adults or caregiver respondents with no cognitive impairments were analyzed. TSC adults (>18 years of age) had significantly higher direct out-of-pocket costs for ER visits, expenses for medical tests and procedures, alternative treatments, medications and lifetime cost of surgeries compared to TSC pediatric individuals. Both TSC adults and TSC caregivers reported work and school absenteeism and presenteeism; however, adults reported significantly higher absenteeism and presenteeism and overall activity impairment due to TSC, as might be expected, compared to TSC caregivers. TSC adults had significantly higher absenteeism and presenteeism rates compared to adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and muscular sclerosis.

Conclusions: TSC results in considerable direct out-of-pocket medical costs and impairment to work productivity, especially for adults. Future studies should include the comparator group and examine direct cost burden in the US using electronic medical records and insurance databases.     

艾叶水溶性部位及其分离组分的抑菌活性研究

为考察艾叶水溶性部位及其分离组分对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、土生克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、伤寒杆菌6种供试菌的抑制作用,通过K—B法和比浊法研究总水提物的抑菌活性,采用二分法测定总水提物的最小抑菌浓度、最小杀菌浓度,采用比浊法测定水提物各分离组分的抑菌率。结果为：艾叶总水提物对6种供试菌均有抑制作用,对伤寒杆菌的作用最强;艾叶总水提物分离组分对供试菌有不同程度的抑制作用,其中硅胶柱（无水乙醇：三乙胺=1000：1）洗脱物对供试菌的抑菌活性最强。艾叶水提物及其分离组分均具有较强的抑菌活性。     

工科院校构建大学生科技创新活动体系研究

工科院校构建大学生课外科技创新活动体系,要加强组织制度建设,优化课程设置,加强实践基地、学生科技活动骨干和指导教师队伍建设,并加强科技创新成果的培育、转化和推广。