改革开放三十年我国本科人才培养目标的演进与反思

改革开放三十年来,我国高校本科人才培养目标经历了从培养“又红又专”的社会主义事业接班人到在此基础上为市场经济培养“厚基础、宽口径”、“一专多能”的复合型人才的转变。回顾本科人才培养目标的演进·有得有失,“得”在一定程度上适应了市场经济与个人发展的需要,“失”在趋同的人才培养目标造成了人才供给的结构性失衡。“厚基础、宽口径”的本科人才培养目标与人才的专业化要求存在矛盾,不适合直接面向就业市场培养人才的普通高校。普通高校本科人才仍应以专业知识传授与专门技能培养为主,只有专门领域的深入,才能实现面上的拓展。准确定位人才培养目标是高校健康发展的前提与基础,不同高校、不同专业,应有多样化的人才培养目标定位。     

从文化人类学的角度看中国饮食文化研究

与灿烂辉煌的中国饮食文化相比,中国饮食文化研究明显落后。有着各种学术背景的学者从不同角度对饮食文化作了比较深入的研究,但中国饮食文化研究还远未形成完整的学科体系。用文化人类学中的某些理论研究中国饮食文化,这种视角能为中国饮食文化研究提供一条新的思路。     

GOVERNANCE INSTITUTIONS AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT: AN APPLICATION TO THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

This paper addresses the issue of the low level of private investment in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, with special emphasis on the role of governance. Based on the existing published reports, we categorize what types of governance institutions are more detrimental to entrepreneurial investments. We then estimate a simultaneous model of private investment and governance quality where economic policies concurrently explain both variables. Our empirical results show that governance plays a significant role in private investment decisions. This result is particularly true in the case of “administrative quality” in the form of control of corruption, bureaucratic quality, investment‐friendly profile of administration, law and order, as well as for “political stability.” Evidence in favor of “public accountability” is also found. Our estimations also stress that structural reforms like financial development, trade openness, and human development affect private‐investment decisions directly, and/or through their positive effect on governance.     

东江铁路大桥桥墩偏移整治工程施工监控

文章介绍了广州东江铁路大桥桥墩偏移整治工程的施工监控方案和实施方法。结果表明,监控方案有效可行,可为类似的整治工程施工监控提供参考。     

Always best or good enough? The effect of ‘mind-set’ on preference consistency over time in tourist decision making

Where a lengthy period is available for the choice of tourist destination, people’s tendency to change their minds can be pronounced. This makes the investigation of preference (in)consistency of great interest. Here, we integrate construal level theory (CLT) with mind-set theory, for the first time, to explore the moderating effect of an internal factor (i.e. mind-set) on preference shifts from desirable to feasible attributes over time. The results of four choice experiments suggest that, compared with people with a satisficing mind-set, people with a maximizing mind-set are reluctant to sacrifice desirability for feasibility, which counters the inclination to alter preferences as the decision time approaches. Furthermore, we found that different preference patterns between maximizers and satisficers are not connected to desirability but result from maximizers’ consistency in placing less importance on feasibility. Implications for future studies and destination marketers are outlined.     

Exploring VCR use as a leisure activity

On the basis of a uses‐and‐gratifications perspective, this exploratory study examined the TV viewing and VCR use of a sample of 119 households with VCRs. The instrument developed for use in this study consisted of a TV and VCR diary in which respondents recorded a variety of information related to each viewing (or recording) occasion for 1 week. The results suggest that although the ability to manipulate the broadcast schedule was a valued feature of the VCR, VCR use merely enhanced established patterns of TV viewing rather than significantly altered TV viewing or leisure behavior. The playback function of the VCR represented a primarily solitary activity pursued for entertainment and relaxation. Watching rented movies represented a primarily social activity pursued for entertainment, relaxation, and companionship. An equal number of television programs were viewed alone as were viewed with others.     

陶瓷砖产品质量分析与对策探讨

针对当前市场上销售的陶瓷砖存在的主要质量问题,对江苏地区陶瓷砖进行了针对性的抽样检测,并对检测结果进行了分析,提出了解决问题的方法和建议,期望能给普通消费者对于陶瓷砖的购买与选用起到一定的帮助作用。     

试析监测与监控技术在桥梁施工中的价值

目前,我国现代化进程不断加快,桥梁的建设也日趋现代化。因此,加强桥梁施工的监测与监控管理,提高监测与监控技术,进一步确保桥梁施工的进度和质量,为国家和社会做出该有的贡献。