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51.
This study investigates the factors contributing to community participation in a World Heritage Site (WHS) using Motivation, Opportunity, and Ability (MOA) model. We examined the effects of these factors on three levels of community participation. The findings showed that motivation had the greatest positive effect on the low level of community participation. Opportunity had the greatest effect on the high level of community participation. Among the dimensions of ability, namely awareness and knowledge, the findings showed that more aware residents were more interested in low level of community participation, whereas residents with more knowledge were more interested in high level of community participation. This study contributes to the tourism development and WHS conservation and management literature by examining the effects of MOA factors on three levels of community participation. Moreover, this study has a number of practical implications for local authorities in terms of community participation. 相似文献
52.
This article aims to investigate the factors that influence consumer attitudes to use labelling information in purchasing organic and Fair Trade products and to verify if labelling is a valid tool of direct shopping aid to consumers, with a view to derive inferences that may contribute to better strategic and tactical marketing decisions. A quantitative survey with a sample of 300 consumers living in south Italy was conducted to explore consumers' knowledge and attitudes toward labelling of organic and fair trade products. Data generated in this way were submitted to exploratory and segmentation analysis. The results indicate significant differences in consumer attitudes and behavior for ethical products and show the importance of new variables, other than demographics characteristics, that can influence the purchasing behavior and label information use. 相似文献
53.
文章运用电商高频价格大数据,分析了新冠肺炎疫情对商品价格变化的影响。研究发现:根据公平定价理论,在突发疫情下商家会加入消费者情绪制定价格策略,商品价格经过调整后趋于稳定;并且,商品价格表现出较低的价格黏性,对称的交错调价使得新冠肺炎疫情对商品价格的冲击有限。因此,政府部门可利用线上商品价格编制大数据物价指标,及时反映市场供求变化,促进资源优化配置,为宏观政策制定提供依据;同时,加快推进消费数字化转型,优化线上交易环境,建立预警机制来应对突发情况。 相似文献
54.
Vincenzo Carrieri Apostolos Davillas Andrew M. Jones 《Review of Income and Wealth》2023,69(4):861-885
Using nine waves of data from Understanding Society (UKHLS), we study the expansion of higher education in the UK and its consequences for levels of and inequalities in income, physical and mental health. University expansion was characterized by a large increase in the proportion of graduates, with higher rates of graduation among individuals from more advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. Having controlled for birth cohort and lifecycle effects, there is evidence of significant inequality of opportunity (IOp) in the actual outcomes. However, comparing actual outcomes with counterfactual projections, that freeze the likelihood of university graduation and the joint distribution of graduation and circumstances to the pre-1963 levels, we do not detect an impact of the expansion of higher education on IOp in income and only small reductions in IOp in physical and mental health. 相似文献
55.
To explore the attitudes towards risky career choices of young people in highly competitive environments, we surveyed almost 1000 football players in the youth academies of German professional clubs (Bundesliga), who must generally decide early in their careers whether or not to risk quitting school to focus solely on a professional football career. Based on the survey responses, we empirically analysed which factors influence these youths’ tendencies to choose a high-risk career option over a lower risk one. Our results seem to indicate that such risk taking in competitive environments can be explained by potential benefits expected from this decision, as well as judgments about the likelihood of achieving the desired career. Risk attitudes towards career choices vary by differences in individuals’ estimates of the potential benefits and in particular, in their own assessments of the likelihood of success, which is an important driver of risk acceptance. We also found that opportunity cost considerations influence risk acceptance: the better the low-risk option, the less willing the individual to give it up for a high-risk alternative. In addition, both national origin and level of cultural integration play a role in attitudes towards risky career choices, with reductions in the latter increasing the risk premium of quitting school. 相似文献
56.
Nicholas Rohde 《Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy》2011,30(4):455-465
There is much debate within the cricket community over the relative greatness of various batters. Attempts to guide this debate using statistical techniques have thus far been unsatisfying due to difficulties in determining appropriate trade‐offs between certain performance criteria. By applying the concepts of opportunity cost and supernormal profit to batting performance we are able to produce a cardinal ranking system that uses non‐arbitrary weightings to rank players. The proposed method is used to score past and current players and we find that the Australian batsman Sir Donald Bradman is the highest performer with India’s Sachin Tendulkar a close second. We also note that there is little public awareness of the greatest women batters and rank England’s Rachael Heyhoe‐Flint and Australia’s Betty Wilson in the first two positions. 相似文献
57.
58.
公允价值仅仅是为了提高会计信息质量相关性而引入的一个计量属性,公允价值计量与盈余管理之间并无必然联系。但是,由于现阶段我国资本市场发展还不完善以及公允价值理论本身在运行中的一些缺陷,公允价值的引入很可能会成为上市公司进行盈余管理的工具。 相似文献
59.
A group of agents located along a river have quasi-linear preferences over water and money. We ask how the water should be allocated and what money transfers should be performed. The core lower bounds require that no coalition should get less than the welfare it could achieve by using the water it controls. The aspiration upper bounds demand that no coalition enjoy a welfare higher than what it could achieve in the absence of the remaining agents. Exactly one welfare distribution satisfies the core lower bounds and the aspiration upper bounds: it is the marginal contribution vector corresponding to the ordering of the agents along the river. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D62, C71. 相似文献
60.
We propose the use of machine learning methods to estimate inequality of opportunity and to illustrate that regression trees and forests represent a substantial improvement over existing approaches: they reduce the risk of ad hoc model selection and trade off upward and downward bias in inequality of opportunity estimates. The advantages of regression trees and forests are illustrated by an empirical application for a cross-section of 31 European countries. We show that arbitrary model selection might lead to significant biases in inequality of opportunity estimates relative to our preferred method. These biases are reflected in both point estimates and country rankings. 相似文献