中国林业与绿色经济

在绿色经济的框架下简要回顾了我国林业的30年发展战略,分析了我国林业对绿色经济的贡献,指出了绿色经济将对我国林业带来的机遇与挑战,并提出了应对策略。认为,我国林业从国情、林情出发,坚持以生态建设为主的发展战略,壮大林业产业,坚持改革创新,使我国林业初步实现绿色转型,对绿色经济贡献显著;绿色经济将有利于增加林业投资,推动森林旅游、木质能源等新兴产业的发展,但我国在森林资源经营和管理、森林绿色核算等方面还不能达到绿色经济的要求。     

新冠肺炎疫情对线上商品价格变化的影响

文章运用电商高频价格大数据,分析了新冠肺炎疫情对商品价格变化的影响。研究发现:根据公平定价理论,在突发疫情下商家会加入消费者情绪制定价格策略,商品价格经过调整后趋于稳定;并且,商品价格表现出较低的价格黏性,对称的交错调价使得新冠肺炎疫情对商品价格的冲击有限。因此,政府部门可利用线上商品价格编制大数据物价指标,及时反映市场供求变化,促进资源优化配置,为宏观政策制定提供依据;同时,加快推进消费数字化转型,优化线上交易环境,建立预警机制来应对突发情况。     

论基于总量控制的排污权交易市场建设

与浓度控制相比,总量控制具有优越性,其将是我国环境管理政策的必然选择。在市场经济条件下,总量控制的实施,必然会产生排污权交易;而总量控制也是排污权交易的基础。因此,我国在由浓度控制向总量控制的转变过程中,要重视排污权交易市场的建设,加快立法步伐,制定科学的排污权交易规则,以适应环境新变化,逐步建立起完善的排污权交易市场。     

Interaction between securitization gains and abnormal loan loss provisions: Credit risk retention and fair value accounting

This study investigates whether managers use asset securitization gains to substitute loan loss provision (LLP) management for earnings management, and, if so, whether the percentage of credit risk retained affects such a relationship. The literature provides evidence that managers have used securitization transactions to boost earnings. Using 2001?2014 data for a sample of bank holding companies, I find that managers use securitization gains and LLPs as partial substitutes and that earnings management from securitization gains grows at an increasing rate to substitute income increasing LLP management as the level of risk retention increases. These findings are consistent with the argument that the higher the level of risk retention, the greater the potential impact on achieving earnings targets, given banks’ exercise of discretion over securitization gains through estimation of fair value of retained interest. In addition, I document that the substitution effect between the two tools is non‐existent in the post‐SFAS 166/167 period. Taken together, the findings have timely implications for accounting standards by informing the effect of risk retention that I measure through earnings management techniques. Moreover, my findings provide additional support for improved disclosures on assets‐backed securities.     

中日韩三国的公允价值计量属性比较研究——基于财务会计概念框架角度

作者在研究过程中,综述了公允价值计量属性的相关理论.在比较中日韩三国财务会计概念框架中,作者在公允价值计量属性表述的基础上,分析了中日韩三国之间的差异,提出中日韩会计准则制定机构在公允价值研究领域存在着区域性合作的共同课题,并就加强合作的路径安排提出了笔者的构想.     

The roots of inequality: estimating inequality of opportunity from regression trees and forests*

We propose the use of machine learning methods to estimate inequality of opportunity and to illustrate that regression trees and forests represent a substantial improvement over existing approaches: they reduce the risk of ad hoc model selection and trade off upward and downward bias in inequality of opportunity estimates. The advantages of regression trees and forests are illustrated by an empirical application for a cross-section of 31 European countries. We show that arbitrary model selection might lead to significant biases in inequality of opportunity estimates relative to our preferred method. These biases are reflected in both point estimates and country rankings.     

谨慎应用公允价值计量属性的再思考

作为证券市场一项重要游戏规则,新会计准则的颁布实施对A股市场产生了深远影响。2007年和2008年许多上市公司股价发生了大幅波动,利润也发生了较大波动。公允价值计量的应用是导致某些上市公司利润大幅波动的重要原因之一。公允价值计量模式下,经济环境和风险状况的变化以及企业自身信用的变化,都会引起企业经营业绩忽高忽低,给投资者造成企业经营不稳的印象,进而误导财务报表使用者作出错误投资决策。上市公司应建立健全并充分披露同公允价值计量相关的决策体系,公允价值变动收益的确认应贯彻谨慎性要求。应将公允价值变动收益作为递延收益处理,其价值未实现前不得计入利润表、不得分配。     

Jean Tirole,Nobel Prize Winner

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for 2014 to Jean Tirole, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Toulouse, France ‘for his analysis of market power and regulation’. What commonly characterizes Jean Tirole's work is a combination of rigorous scientific analysis of markets and provision of useful scientific insights and policy guidance for regulation and competition policy in such markets. This paper focuses on two of Tirole's papers, both co-written with Jean-Charles Rochet, which probably best exemplify his policy-oriented research. It summarizes and then explains how the theory that these papers develop led to the implementation of a new policy regulating the payment card industry in the European Union.     

时空协同视角下的义乌中国小商品城演进历程分析

集贸式市场组织是一项极具“中国特色”的诱发性制度创新,是以某个固定场所为集聚地,以众多企业和个体商户为经营主体所形成的共享式交易平台。近年来,我国集贸式市场的组织形态及其功能都发生了重大变化,出现了与博览会、连锁经营、电子商务等现代流通业态相融合的趋势。在一个充分竞争的市场环境中,市场组织演进的结果体现出经济效率导向的要求。交易者将随着市场环境的变化,调整交易时间配置和空间分布的组合,以求达到交易成本最小化。本文以义乌中国小商品城为实证对象,以时间配置和空间分布为分析维度,运用交易费用经济学的理论方法,研究我国集贸式市场组织演进的动态过程。