BS in the boardroom: Benevolent sexism and board chair orientations

Research Summary: Though research has focused on the ascent and acceptance of female CEOs, the post‐promotion circumstances female CEOs face remain unclear. In this study, we focus on a critical post‐promotion circumstance: the board chair–CEO relationship. Drawing on the gender stereotype literature, agency theory, and stewardship theory, we posit that firms appointing a female CEO are more likely to adopt a collaboration board chair orientation and less likely to adopt a control orientation. We further predict this effect is attenuated by female board representation. Using a sample of new S&P 1500 CEOs, we find support for our predictions regarding the collaboration orientation but not the control orientation. This research provides some evidence of benevolent sexism in the boardroom, with female directors acting as a countervailing influence. Managerial Summary: Whereas the notion that females encounter a glass ceiling on their path toward CEO is well documented, the conditions female CEOs encounter after promotion are less understood. The relationship between the board chair and the CEO is one important post‐promotion condition. Board chairs can focus on monitoring and/or working together with the CEO. We suggest board chairs are more likely to work in close collaboration with female CEOs than with male CEOs. We attribute this to benevolent sexism, which explains that board chairs are more likely to collaborate with female CEOs because they view females as more conducive to, and in need of, this type of relationship. We also suggest this benevolent sexism is less prevalent when there are more females on the board.     

论商业秘密民事救济与行政救济的定位与衔接

在商业秘密侵权救济中,商业秘密权利人可以要求民事救济、行政救济和刑事救济,TRIPS协议和国外立法中对商业秘密侵权救济模式也有相应的立法例,笔者试图从这些侵权救济模式出发,分析商业秘密民事救济和行政救济中的法律问题,包括国外行政救济的有限性和我国的主要实践、行政救济的主体和管辖、不足与完善,商业秘密民事诉讼主体的确定和管辖问题。在此基础上研究了商业秘密侵权责任模式的界限,需要注意民事责任和行政责任的竞合以及行政、民事案件审理的交叉和协调,确立以民事救济为主导的救济模式,发挥行政救济的补充作用,完善民事救济和行政救济的定位和衔接。     

Impact of Personal and Situational Factors on Taxpayer Compliance: An Experimental Analysis

This study used a laboratory experiment with monetary incentives to test the impact of three personal factors (moral reasoning, value orientation and risk preference), and three situational factors (the presence/absence of audits, tax inequity, and peer reporting behavior), while controlling for the impact of other demographic characteristics, on tax compliance. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) reveals that all the main effects analyzed are statistically significant and robustly influence tax compliance behavior. These results highlight the importance of obtaining a proper understanding of these factors for developing effective policies for increasing the level of compliance, and indicate that standard enforcement polices based on punishment alone should be supplemented by an information system that would acquaint tax payers with the compliance level of other tax payers; reinforce the concept of fairness of the tax system among tax payers; and develop programs that enhance and appeal to a taxpayer's moral conscience and reinforce social cohesion.     

文化价值取向与情爱世界

苏曼珠和郁达夫以男女情爱为题材的小说是对中国古典言情小说的继承与超越。自我情感体验的强烈介入,使其情爱小说具有极强的历史感和现实感。同样是基于敏感的心灵对时代的感应,苏曼殊小说中的情爱世界是社会的、伦理的、以婚姻为基础的;而郁达夫的是个人的、心理的、以情欲为基础的,古典言情小说中的“情—礼”矛盾转化为内心的“灵—肉”的冲变。     

预算功能取向与部门预算绩效评价理论导向

基于我国政策层面的近期预算绩效评价体系构建与远期绩效预算改革的战略部署,深度整理美国预算管理改革的轨迹,以经典预算功能取向分析范式为契合点,透视绩效预算与部门预算的内在拟和,演绎提出我国部门预算改革蕴含的"控制核心,绩效导向"的混合功通用取向.基于这种价值取向,引申确立我国面向绩效预算的预算绩效评价理论导向:源于实际的理论起点、面向未来与着眼现实的理论构架、过程控制与结果评价融合的实现体系.     

Corporate brand strategy: Drivers and outcomes of hotel industry’s brand orientation

The MNC resellers are vastly competitive and capital-intensive. Based on the corporate brand orientation, the objective is to investigate how the individual dimensions of hotel industry’s brand orientation can improve a corporate experience and subsequently create superior hotel performance and retailer preferences. A model of the integration of the hotel industry’s brand orientation was tested in a survey conducted among MNC resellers from hospitality industry. Structural equation modelling was applied to gain insight into the various influences and relationships. The research makes two main contributions. It makes a theoretical contribution by classifying the integration of the hotel industry’s brand orientation for hospitality industry and from this extrapolate key suggestions for further study. The continuous evolution and economic influence of the hospitality industry require the application of innovative marketing practices.     

市场导向与政策导向对生物质能源企业绩效影响研究——基于组织学习的中介效应

基于文献分析与推导,立足生物质能源企业微观视角,构建以组织学习为中介变量的概念模型,实证探究了市场导向和政策导向对生物质能源企业绩效的影响。研究发现,市场导向通过组织学习对生物质能源企业绩效产生正向影响,政策导向既可直接也可间接通过组织学习对生物质能源企业绩效产生正向影响。因此,为生物质能源企业经营管理者提出的策略建议是:培育市场化,重视市场导向与组织学习的结合;加深政策变革感知,全面响应政策导向和加强组织学习能力的培养。     

城市副中心商圈定位研究

随着各地城市建设速度的加快 ,许多城市都面临着老城区商业中心的改造 ,城市副中心新商圈的建设问题。因此 ,商圈定位问题也一再被人们所关注。文章从解释商圈定位的涵义入手 ,阐述了城市副中心商圈定位 ,对政府的远景规划、商业方向的定位、零售业态的选择、房地产项目以及区域发展等的意义 ,探讨如何从商圈辐射力、商圈引客效应、商圈向心力、商圈竞争力、商圈发展潜力等方面对将要改扩建的商圈进行分析 ,研究不同条件下的城市副中心商圈定位模式。     

论中部地区的战略定位

中部地区是我国全面建设小康社会的重点区域，是我国新型工业化的主战场，是我国区域经济协调战略中的重要枢纽，将其定位为中国经济第四增长极具有十分重要的意义。中部地区具有较强的经济实力和经济联系、丰富的自然资源和雄厚的产业基础、突出的区位优势和优越的交通条件、很强的科技实力和不竭的创新能力，完全可以建设成为“第四极”。     

浅谈以就业为导向的高职教育

发展高职教育,培养适应社会需要的应用型人才,必须以就业为导向。必须明确高等职业教育的发展定位,突出职业性特征;必须深化教育教学制度改革和人才培养模式改革,优化专业结构．增设社会急需专业,全面推进素质教育,提升学生的综合素质能力;必须加强就业指导,转变学生的就业观念。