世界新药研发趋势

总结国内外相关文献,从研发投入、风险、数量以及技术动向等方面分析世界新药研发趋势,并结合我国新药研发现状提出建议。     

紫杉醇的不良反应及其合理应用

目的：探讨紫杉醇应用于癌症治疗期间的不良反应发生情况及防治办法。方法对100例应用紫杉醇治疗的癌症患者出现的不良反应进行分析。结果患者使用抗肿瘤药物紫杉醇治疗后出现较多的不良反应,主要有消化道反应、神经毒性、骨髓抑制以及过敏反应等。结论通过控制给药时间及在化疗前预防性用药,可明显减少紫杉醇不良反应的发生。     

Modelling a dynamic market potential: A class of automata networks for diffusion of innovations

Innovation diffusion processes are generally described at aggregate level with models like the Bass Model (BM) and the Generalized Bass Model (GBM). However, the recognized importance of communication channels between agents has recently suggested the use of agent-based models, like Cellular Automata. We argue that an adoption or purchase process is nested in a communication network that evolves dynamically and indirectly generates a latent non-constant market potential affecting the adoption phase.Using Cellular Automata we propose a two-stage model of an innovation diffusion process. First we describe a communication network, an Automata Network, necessary for the “awareness” of an innovation. Then, we model a nested process depicting the proper purchase dynamics. Through a mean field approximation we propose a continuous representation of the discrete time equations derived by our nested two-stage model. This constitutes a special non-autonomous Riccati equation, not yet described in well-known international catalogues. The main results refer to the closed form solution that includes a general dynamic market potential and to the corresponding statistical analysis for identification and inference. We discuss an application to the diffusion of a new pharmaceutical drug.     

反义核酸技术及其应用

反义核酸作为一种新的抗病毒、抗肿瘤药物,它的应用受到越来越多的重视,但反义核酸技术的研究也面临一些挑战。相信伴随这些问题的解决,反义药物能够被广泛应用,给疾病的治疗带来益处。文章对反义核酸、反义药物及反义核酸技术的应用进行了综述。     

我国在合理用药中的问题与对策

目的探讨促进合理用药的有效措施,为药品使用管理提供参考。方法结合实际,通过对影响因素及原因进行具体分析,提出有针对性的建议。结果与结论我国药品使用环节的制度尚不完善,建议通过制度完善限制医生处方权,提高药品自身各方面水平,提高社会对药品合理使用的认识,以促进合理用药。     

四川凉山州失依儿童现象及对策研究——基于社会管理创新的思考

随着《新闻1＋1》、《走基层》等栏目的报道,四川省凉山州失依儿童这一群体开始引起社会各界越来越多的关注,这一社会最大弱势群体,一直以来都是社会管理的盲点、弱点和难点,也是党、政府和社会各界近年来共同关注的热点、焦点和重点。如何加强对该群体的管理,改善该群体的生活现状,使他们尽快得到有效救助走出困境,这无疑成为当下创新社会管理的重点之一。     

浅谈我国非处方药的市场营销策略

本文从现阶段我国非处方药的市场现状入手,从产品、价格、渠道、促销四个方面研究了跨国药企和本土制药企业的市场营销策略,提出企业应严把质量关,健全营销渠道,避免渠道冲突,构建新型营销网络,同时选择有效媒介,突出产品的定位,将产品的品牌深入到消费者心中,满足消费者的需求。     

2011—2012年军队评价性抽验药品微生物检验质量分析报告

调查2011—2012年军队评价性药品监督抽验情况。方法:对1211批检品的抽验情况及其质量情况进行统计与分析。结果:医院自制制剂质量问题较为严重,且主要分布在液体制剂和原辅料营养物质丰富以及以中药材直接入药的制剂。结论:药品监管部门应加强监管并提高技术监督的能力,相关企业应增强社会责任感。     

How do low-income enrollees in the Affordable Care Act marketplaces respond to cost-sharing?

The Affordable Care Act requires insurers to offer cost-sharing reductions (CSRs) to low-income consumers on the marketplaces. We link 2013–2015 All-Payer Claims Data to 2004–2013 administrative hospital discharge data from Utah and exploit policy-driven differences in the actuarial value of CSR plans that are solely determined by income. This allows us to examine the effect of cost-sharing on medical spending among low-income individuals. We find that enrollees facing lower levels of cost-sharing have higher levels of healthcare spending, controlling for past healthcare use. We estimate demand elasticities of total health care spending among this low-income population of approximately −0.12, suggesting that demand-side price mechanisms in health insurance design work similarly for low-income and higher-income individuals. We also find that cost-sharing subsidies substantially lower out-of-pocket medical care spending, showing that the CSR program is a key mechanism for making health care affordable to low-income individuals.