农业社会化服务能促进农户采用亲环境农业技术吗

使用亲环境农业技术是治理农业面源污染、改善耕地质量和提升农业绿色发展程度的重要举措.本文基于农业社会化服务视角,采用农户微观调查数据,利用倾向得分匹配法和mvprobit方法,定量测度了农户购买不同环节的农业社会化服务对其亲环境农业技术采用的影响效应.研究结果表明,农户购买农业社会化服务对其采用亲环境农业技术具有显著促...     

立地式定时自动杀虫灯诱捕器的设计与应用

针对在储粮仓房中常用的害虫诱捕方法诱捕效率低,测报率低等问题,设计了立地式定时自动杀虫诱捕器,通过将原有悬挂式的诱捕器改进为立地式定时自动杀虫诱捕器,使其操作简单、使用便捷.并将其应用于储粮仓房中,试验与应用结果表明该诱捕器不但能及时了解害虫在仓内的种类数量变化动态,而且对于害虫的预报要强于传统的扦样过筛法检查,可及时...     

精益管理在大米加工厂虫害防治中的应用实践

为探讨精益管理方法在控制大米加工厂害虫滋生中的应用价值.采用精益管理的方法与工具分析某大米加工厂原有的害虫防控工作流程中存在的问题,针对性地进行优化和持续改进.比较实施精益管理前后大米加工厂因生虫导致的退货和滞销生虫数量的变化.结果表明:实施精益管理后,大米加工厂生虫退货数量由原来的411.9 t/a,显著降低到145...     

浅论社会转型期政府管理的创新

当今世界的竞争,不仅是经济发展的竞争,而且是政府效能和管理水平的竞争,建立廉洁、高效、以公众利益为导向的现代政府管理体系与建立现代化的市场经济体制同样重要。中国政府在经历了社会管制型、经济发展型的社会发展导向之后,目前正向公共服务型转变。因此,分析市场经济条件下的政府管理创新具有重要的现实意义。文中在分析政府管理创新内涵的基础上,探讨了政府管理创新的动力因素和阻力因素,提出增强驱动力和减少抑制力并举的方法。     

Effects of intercropping rice and water spinach on net yields and pest control: an experiment in southern China

Strategies encouraging the use of fewer agrochemicals while maintaining high yield are highly demanded for smallholder rice farmers. Intercropping helps to suppress pests and disease in upland farming systems. However, information on the role of intercropping in pest suppression and crop productivity in irrigated rice farming systems is sparse. To explore the possibility of establishing diversified agriculture management strategy that requires lower agrochemical inputs, a field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of rice and water spinach intercropping on the occurrence of pests, disease, and land-use efficiency. Results demonstrated that the occurrence of rice blast disease, sheath blight disease, and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was substantially lower than pure stands. Compared with rice monoculture, the tiller number, net photosynthetic rate, and leaf chlorophyll content were significantly increased in rice at the edge rows adjacent to water spinach in intercropping. Intercropping increased the per unit area yield of rice without significant reduction in that of water spinach. Land equivalent ratio (LER) was 1.13, showing that intercropping was 13% more productive than rice monocropping. Net income for intercropping was 5.04 times higher than for rice monocropping. These findings suggest that rice and water spinach intercropping is a viable alternative for sustainable rice production with a small farming scale in southern China.     

泡沫沥青冷再生混合料材料设计及其抗车辙性能评价

为研究如何合理利用沥青路面回收材料,通过一系列室内试验设计了泡沫沥青冷再生混合料并评价了其路用性能(抗车辙性能)。混合料设计阶段确定了最佳发泡条件:发泡温度为150~155℃,发泡用水量为3%,膨胀比为16,半衰期为9 s,最佳沥青用量为2.8%,混合料最佳含水量为3.81%。车辙试验数据显示:当空隙率为4.3%时车辙深度为1.63 mm,空隙率为5.0%时车辙深度为2.43 mm,空隙率为6.1%时车辙深度为3.45 mm,即随混合料空隙率的增大,车辙深度逐渐增加且增加趋势显著,表明混合料抗车辙性能逐渐减弱,因此建议泡沫沥青冷再生混合料空隙率设计不超过5.0%,且泡沫沥青冷再生混合料适用于沥青面层结构中的中下面层使用,不适用于上面层使用。研究结果为泡沫沥青冷再生混合料进行路段试验提供了理论参考。     

西尼尔的价值理论及其历史地位

西尼尔认为:价值取决于效用。效用为人们的主观评价,其受稀少性制约;稀少性根源于供给阻力;供给阻力根源于生产成本。所以生产成本决定价值。仔细研读,可以看出,西尼尔的价值理论在西方价值理论的演进中起到了承上启下的作用。承上——试图化解萨伊体系中的矛盾。启下——不仅对约.斯.穆勒有重要影响,而且对现代西方经济学中的主观价值论和均衡价格论也有重要影响。因此其历史地位不可小觑,理应受到重视。     

Dynamics of contention in the gig economy: Rage against the platform,customer or state?

Protest in the gig economy has taken many forms and targets (platforms, customers and state officials). However, researchers are yet to adequately account for this diversity. We use a European survey of Upwork and PeoplePerHour platform workers to investigate worker orientation towards different forms of protest. Results reveal that worker anger, dependence and digital communication shape contention in the remote gig economy. Support for collective organisation is associated with anger at platforms as well as their dependence on the platform and communication with other workers. Individual action against clients is associated with anger and communication but not dependence. Support for state regulation is associated only with anger but not dependence or communication. We conclude that the relational approach entailed by Mobilisation Theory can aid explanation in the gig economy by shedding light on the dynamic process by which solidarity and dependence alter the perceived cost/benefits of particular remedies to injustice.     

Cooperative membership and adoption of green pest control practices: Insights from rice farmers

Reducing the use of chemical pesticide while preserving crop yield is a practical strategy that makes agricultural production economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. Although the adoption of green pest control practices can help achieve such a goal, its adoption rate remains quite low. This study explores whether membership in agricultural cooperatives improves smallholder farmers' adoption of green pest control practices, utilising farm-level data surveyed from rice farmers in China. To enrich our understanding, we also investigate how the adoption of green pest control practices mediates the effects of cooperative membership on chemical pesticide expenditures. An endogenous switching probit model and a bootstrap-based mediation method are employed to achieve these goals. The empirical results show that cooperative membership significantly increases the probability of adopting physical pest control practices (e.g. pest-killing lamps or sticky plate traps) and biological pest control practices (e.g. biopesticides) by 6% and 19%, respectively. Cooperative membership significantly reduces chemical pesticide expenditures through its mediation effect on improving the probability of adopting biological pest control practices. There is also a complementary relationship between physical and biological pest control practices in pest management of rice production. The adoption of physical pest control practices significantly increases rice yield, while the adoption of biological pest control practices does not.     

Barriers of food delivery applications: A perspective from innovation resistance theory using mixed method

IntroductionFood delivery applications (FDAs) have altered the way customers order and consume food. This was compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic, which imposed restrictions on people's mobility. In this study, the authors have tried to determine which barriers affect consumers' emotions and feelings, leading to satisfaction, repeat visit, and WOM recommendations.Methodology: The Innovation Resistance Theory has been used to conduct the study. The Mixed Model is also framed to address the barriers faced by FDA users. This study also identifies key barriers of FDA (Value Barrier, Image Barrier, and Environment Barrier) and also studies their effect on consumer emotions and feelings in addition to the impact on repeat purchase behaviour, customer satisfaction and word of mouth recommendation. The data is collected from 392 respondents.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that apart from the value barrier, all the other barriers have negative and significant impacts on consumers’ feelings and emotions. It further supports the mediation effect amongst consumer feelings and emotions, satisfaction, repeat purchase, and WOM recommended. The moderating effect of transaction cost has been shown with different associations.ImplicationsThe service providers should make sure that all transactions are safe and secure and that food is delivered on time. They should also have good ways for customers to get in touch with them, so they will get orders from them.OriginalityThe focus of the study is on the link between satisfaction, repeat purchases, and word-of-mouth recommendations for FDA, which hasn't been looked into in any previous studies.