要素价格扭曲与异质性企业区位选择——基于泊松面板回归的实证研究

采用生产函数法,论文详细测算了1998-2007年中国大陆除西藏以外267个城市的要素价格扭曲。接下来,运用中国工业企业数据库中的数据,构建泊松面板回归模型考察了要素价格扭曲对于不同生产效率企业选址产生的影响。按行业、区域分别划分样本以及稳健性检验均表明:(1)较高的要素价格扭曲水平对于该地区新进入的低效率企业的期望值具有显著为正的影响,而对于该地区新进入的高效率企业的期望值则具有显著为负的影响;(2)地区运输成本和环境管制强度对于不同效率企业选址的影响存在异质性,而其他区域特征解释变量对于选址企业数量的影响均显著,且方向与理论预期一致。     

Auction theory adaptations for real life applications

We develop extensions to auction theory results that are useful in real life scenarios.1. Since valuations are generally positive we first develop approximations using the log-normal distribution. This would be useful for many finance related auction settings since asset prices are usually non-negative.2. We formulate a positive symmetric discrete distribution, which is likely to be followed by the total number of auction participants, and incorporate this into auction theory results.3. We develop extensions when the valuations of the bidders are interdependent and incorporate all the results developed into a final combined realistic setting.4. Our methods can be a practical tool for bidders and auction sellers to maximize their profits. The models developed here could be potentially useful for inventory estimation and for wholesale procurement of financial instruments and also non-financial commodities.All the propositions are new results and they refer to existing results which are stated as Lemmas.     

Are price strategies effective in managing demand of high residential water users?

Encouraging water use efficiency and water conservation is one of the primary goals of water utility companies nationwide. This study estimates price elasticity of residential water demand to measure the responsiveness of water use to price changes, particularly for high water users. Household-level water use data for high residential water users from Central Florida were analysed using 3-stage least square (3SLS). Estimated price elasticity ranges between ?0.07 and ?0.14. This price elasticity estimate is below most of the estimates reported in the literature (in absolute value). The results imply that for price strategies to be effective in managing water demand of high residential water users, a significant price increase would be needed. Overall, this study highlights the importance of designing water conservation policies tailored to specific groups of customers, and the importance of using these strategies effectively and fairly for different customer groups.     

Using FRED data to teach price elasticity of demand

In this article, the authors discuss the use of Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) statistics to teach the concept of price elasticity of demand in an introduction to economics course. By using real data in its computation, they argue that instructors can create a value-adding context for illustrating and applying a foundational concept in economics. Additionally, this pedagogical strategy contributes to developing an expected proficiency for economics majors related to “interpreting and manipulating data” (Hansen 2009, 2012). The authors provide step-by-step instructions on how to use FRED to compute the price elasticity of demand for motor vehicle fuels and gasoline as well as examples of in-class discussion questions and take-home assignments related to this instructional technique.     

双重古诺竞争下的FDI关联溢出效应

扩展了以往理论研究的基本假设,在古诺竞争框架下分析FDI进入东道国上下游双边市场时的关联溢出效应。结果显示:当FDI仅进入东道国的下游市场时,FDI产生的竞争效应会增加下游市场的总产出,从而增大对上游市场中东道国本土供应商的后向关联程度,且其增大程度与技术差距正相关;在FDI同时进入东道国上下游双边市场的情况下,上游市场的FDI会对东道国本土供应商产生挤出效应,且两者的技术差距越大,挤出效应越明显,同时会对下游市场中的东道国本土生产者产生明显的前向关联,上游市场总产出的增加使得中间产品的均衡价格下降,直接减少了下游本土生产者的边际生产成本,从而增加了其产出和利润,部分抵消了下游市场的FDI的挤出效应。     

中国公司债券交易量与价格波动的关系

使用中国沪深证券交易所的公司债数据,检验了债券交易量与价格波动的线性关系和非线性尾部相关性,分析了债券流动性水平对量价关系的影响,研究了债券量价关系的时变特征。结果表明:中国公司债市场中债券交易量与价格波动之间存在显著的线性关系;债券流动性水平对量价关系有显著影响,债券流动性水平越高(低),则量价关系越弱(强);债券交易量与价格波动存在非对称的下尾相关性;债券量价关系具有时变性,市场低风险时期量价关系较弱,市场高风险时期量价关系较强。     

基于WPF三层架构的油气管输价格管理系统的开发与应用

为了实现油气管输价格管理的信息化和资源共享,特别是实现管输价格的自动化测算、价格申请报告的自动编写,探讨了在WPF框架下开发油气管输价格管理系统涉及的主要技术,分析了油气管输价格管理系统的主要功能,设计了油气管输价格管理系统的体系结构,采用以MVC三层体系架构为基础,同时应用FlexCell和RDLC等技术丰富人机交互界面的方式来构建油气管输价格管理系统。对系统的数据层、业务逻辑层、表示层组件进行了规划和设计,为应用程序开发提供了有益尝试。     

New Evidence of Psychological Barrier from the Oil Market

The authors examine how stock returns were affected when the oil price reached the psychological barrier of US$100 per barrel for the first time in history. Using an event study approach, 4 key results emerge. First, the authors show that a psychological barrier event in the oil market does affect stock returns. Second, they show that a psychological barrier event in the oil market is a source of return drift—a phenomenon well explained and understood with respect to nonoil news events. Third, the psychological barrier affects small/medium-sized stocks and not large stocks. Last, the authors show that successful trading strategies can be devised based on the information that the oil price psychological barrier significantly impacts the market and that it contributes to return drift.     

基于公平角度的房价合理性研究——以江苏某市为例

房价问题已经成为社会关注的焦点,建立科学的房价合理性评价指标体系成为当前亟待解决的重要问题。许多研究者认为房价收入比是比较合理的方法,本文认为用房价收入比衡量房价合理性不符合当前中国的实际,存在三个方面的缺陷。科学的评价体系必须能够反映收入结构、支出结构和住房供应结构的差异,以机会均等作为房价合理的判别准则。按照这一设想,本文提出了以“住房负担能力、住房机会指数和住房机会均等指数”为核心的房价合理性评价指标体系,并对2005年江苏某市房价合理性进行了实证分析,提出了改善其房价合理性的相关建议。     

沿海欠发达地区经济联动开发模式研究——以江苏沿海开发为例

区域经济联动发展作为一种区域经济合作方式,受到密切关注。沿海欠发达地区面对经济高地的压力,要紧紧抓住其发展机遇,充分挖掘自身优势,打造新的经济发展模式,才能赶超经济发达地区。本文在总结国内区域经济联动发展理论与实践的基础上,提出沿海欠发达地区要建立多角度、多层次的经济联动开发模式。首先要实现城市联动,通过不断强化中心城市的集聚、扩散作用和壮大县域经济实力,打造经济中心与腹地经济联动发展的沿海经济圈;其次要实现产业联动,通过传统特色产业与新兴高科技产业联动和陆地产业与海洋产业联动相结合,打造支柱产业与新兴产业联动发展的沿海经济带;还要实现＂港口-城镇-产业＂联动,通过港口与城镇联动和港口与产业联动,打造港口、产业和城镇三位一体的港口经济区。希望可以为沿海欠发达地区的经济发展提供理论依据和借鉴参考。