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291.
中国的经济体制改革形成了一个竞争性市场,在这个竞争性市场上,民营企业具有较国有企业更高的效率,那么,在实践中民营化改革何以依旧争议不断,阻碍重重?改革是一个利益博弈过程,处理好各利益相关者的利益关系是改革成败的关键。从直观上看,只要效率提高了,就可以实现对利益受损者进行补偿,使各利益相关者都能从中受益,共同利益空间越大,改革的阻力就越小。但是,帕累托改进要求原企业经营者和职工得到完全补偿,这抬高了新所有者收购价格的下限,而政府的多重目标又使改制的利益空间收缩。文章从补偿和政府职能目标对改制的利益空间产生影响这一角度,来分析民营化的障碍,指出补偿要求和多重政府职能会影响改制的利益空间,从而阻碍了国企民营化的顺利推进。 相似文献
292.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the price andstore count predictions of the spatial and non-spatialmodels of vertical integration between an upstreammonopolist and a downstream monopolisticallycompetitive retail industry using data from Alberta'srecently privatized liquor retailing industry. Thisindustry, which had been a government owned monopoly,became monopolistically competitive underprivatization. The models predict that verticaldisintegration will lead to higher retail prices andan increase in the store count in markets that cansupport multiple stores. Both predictions aresupported by liquor store count and price data. 相似文献
293.
Ownership Structure as a Determinant of Firm Value: Evidence from Newly Privatized Czech Firms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Using a sample of 988 newly privatized Czech firms, with part of the ownership structure exogenously determined prior to voucher privatization, we find that share values are positively related with the ownership stakes of foreigners, insiders, and restituents. While the findings for foreigners and insiders can be attributed to their superior ability to identify more profitable firms, we interpret the findings on restituents as evidence of the beneficial effect of blockholdings. On the other hand, we find that the ownership of the fund with the largest stake is not significantly related with share value, suggesting that the value of external blocks depends on the identity of the owner. However, when the fund is also the largest blockholder in the firm, it has an adverse effect on share value. The negative effect of the dominant block owned by a fund is mitigated when a bank sponsors the fund. Although funds are legally separated from their sponsoring institutions, bank‐sponsored funds may nevertheless have inherited a better access to the innards of these firms, and may be in a better position to monitor them. 相似文献
294.
From federalism, Chinese style to privatization, Chinese style 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
In 1995, China began a profound reform of its state-owned enterprises. We first describe and characterize this progress in two areas: privatization of small state-owned enterprises at the county level and mass lay-offs of excess state workers at the city level. Local governments have initiated these reforms, which are proceeding in economically and politically sensible ways. We then argue that privatization, Chinese style, rests on an adequate economic and political foundation - federalism, Chinese style. We suggest a range of incentives that propel local governments toward state-owned enterprise reform, including their harder budget constraints and increased competition from the non-state sector. In this sense, federalism, Chinese style, has induced privatization, Chinese style.
JEL classification: H7, L30, P3. 相似文献
JEL classification: H7, L30, P3. 相似文献
295.
农地使用权流转的综合效用评价 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文从经济和社会两个方面出发,多角度评析当前我国农地使用权流转的综合效用,认为:①有效的农地使用权流转能够促进土地资源的优化配置,促进农民增收;②有效的农地使用权流转能够强化地权的稳定性,减少土地调整频率,发挥土地在农村的社会保障作用,促进农村剩余劳动力的转移。 相似文献
296.
西方国家民营化改革及其对我国的启示 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
民营化改革是西方国家20世纪80年代以来行政改革的主要趋势之一。本文从民营化概念的基本内涵入手,在对西方民营化改革原因、条件和特点以及我国的民营化改革实践及其障碍进行深入分析的基础上,探讨了西方民营化改革对于我国的启示。 相似文献
297.
298.
Igor Filatotchev Irena Grosfeld Judit Karsai Mike Wright Trevor Buck 《Economics of Transition》1996,4(1):67-88
The governments of Hungary, Poland and Russia have used buy-outs as an important privatization strategy which can be viewed as forming a continuum from straightforward sales where management and employees generally achieve significant ownership, as in Hungary, via intermediate approaches as in Poland where both payment and free distribution of shares are involved, to the Russian case where state-owned enterprises were effectively “given away” through a voucher privatization scheme. This paper, first, presents preliminary evidence on the extent and nature of post-privatization restructuring in buy-outs in these three countries, which highlights the transitory nature of this form of organization. Second, in the light of these findings, the paper analyses the possibilities and difficulties associated with enhancing corporate governance and finance. 相似文献
299.
Kannan Ramaswamy 《战略管理杂志》2001,22(10):989-998
Emerging countries are using privatization as a key strategy in their drive to become free market economies. Although these ownership changes are rapidly gaining prominence, the academic literature has been equivocal about the performance benefits of private vs. state ownership. The lack of clarity in findings can be largely traced to the underspecification of the models that prior studies have examined. Specifically, prior studies have mostly ignored the central role of competitive rivalry. This paper proposes a model that centers around the interactive, inseparable effects of ownership and competitive rivalry on firm performance. Results of the empirical examination set in India show that competitive intensity moderates the relationship between ownership and performance. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
300.