中国企业应对全球采购的策略研究

随着全球贸易自由化程度的不断加深,全球经济日益趋于一体化,企业更加倾向于在全球范围内寻求最佳供应商,采购品质优良、价格合理的物料,以实现资源的有效配置。中国以其巨大的生产能力、充裕的劳动力、较低的生产成本、便宜的产品价格受到了国际市场的青睐,中国产品正"诱惑"着各国采购商。本文在阐述全球采购聚焦中国的原因和现状的基础上,客观分析了全球采购对中国企业的影响,并且提出了中国企业应对全球采购的具体策略。     

论高校图书馆学术图书采购难的原因分析及改进建议

从高校图书馆和出版社以及流通环节对高校图书馆学术图书采购难的原因进行了分析。提出了改进的途径:加强图书采购人员的业务培训、合理招标、疏通信息渠道、提高网络采购的比例等。     

Using Laboratory Experiments in Logistics and Supply Chain Research

Laboratory experiments provide an underutilized methodology for subjecting research in logistics and supply chain management to rigorous scientific scrutiny. As discussed in this paper, by following established procedures researchers can create an economic system in which behavior can be observed and replicated. With the ability to control the institution and the environment, researchers have complete information and can exogenously manipulate treatment variables, neither of which may be feasible in field work. We also address many of the reservations that skeptics of laboratory experiments often express including issues of realism, participant sophistication, and payoff stakes. We then provide several examples where experiments have been used to study issues relevant to logistics and supply chain management including auctions, wholesale practices in gasoline markets, inventory replenishment, liberalization of the electric power industry, and deregulation of the natural gas markets. Finally, we identify several additional areas where laboratory experiments could be informative.     

我国企业存货管理存在的主要问题及对策

我国不少企业的存货管理存在核算虚假、保管存有漏洞、管理人员素质不高等问题,针对这些问题,企业应加强存货的财务核算、采购管理和保管,提高企业人员素质,建立适合企业发展的存货管理信息系统。     

关于我国政府绿色采购的探究

绿色采购源于绿色思想,绿色思想是对传统的片面追求经济增长做法的反思。绿色采购作为一种新的购买理念,因其具有突出的外部正效益特点,成为环保的有效手段。政府采购作为现代政府治理工具之一,也应向着与环境更友好、更和谐的方向发展。政府绿色采购因其具有规模大和政府示范的特点,成为引导和推动可持续发展的重要手段。     

Effects of Transparency in Procurement Practices on Government Expenditure: A Case Study of Municipal Public Works

This paper examines the effect of improved transparency in the bidder qualification process, using the experience gained from a case study of municipal public works auctions. A difference-in-differences analysis reveals that improved transparency reduces procurement cost by up to 8%. This finding is robust with regard to the concerns of both endogeneity and sample selectivity. The bidding-function estimates, combined with features of Japanese procurement system, imply that the introduction of transparent practices is insufficient to bring about efficiency in public procurement.      

联合国系统采购规则研究——兼论我国中小企业参与机制的构建

联合国系统在采购主体、采购对象和采购程序等方面都具有一定的特殊性,令不少中国中小企业望而生畏,以至于错失了这一潜在市场。为此,需要企业、政府和行业协会等联动协作,借助联合国这一平台将中国制造产品打入国际市场,这对克服当前由于国际金融海啸造成的外贸出口困境无疑具有积极的意义。     

Nonparametric Estimation of Oligopsony Power in First‐Price Auction

This paper proposes a nonparametric procedure to estimate market power for first‐price auction data and applies the procedure to cattle procurement markets. Most previous studies have used parametric methods, which require specific functional forms for retail demand, input supply and processors’ cost equations. However, researchers often find that market power estimates from parametric methods are sensitive to the choice of functional forms and specifications. An application to data from cattle procurement experiments shows that our nonparametric approach greatly outperforms commonly used parametric methods in estimating the degree of market power. While parametric estimates are sensitive to functional form specification and are at least 90% smaller than ‘true’ market power indices, estimates from our nonparametric procedure deviate from the actual value by no more than 25%.     

完善监督约束机制 促进政府采购工作规范发展

建立政府采购制度 ,对提高财政资金的使用效益、防治腐败意义重大。对当前政府采购工作中存在的不规范、不透明、不科学、不健全等问题 ,应从加强立法、加强管理、加强监督三个方面入手 ,建立以《政府采购法》为核心的法律法规体系 ,完善采购规程 ,健全监督约束体系和机制 ,以促进政府采购工作的规范发展     

发达国家林产品绿色政府采购政策兴起及发展趋势

回顾了英国、新西兰、丹麦、法国、日本等发达国家的林产品绿色政府采购政策兴起及其历程,并对未来发展趋势进行分析。虽然实施时间比较短,林产品绿色政府采购政策的实施效果尚难以得到准确评估,但从长远来看,实施林产品绿色政府采购政策将促进林产品的合法交易和相关国家木材的可持续发展,具有较好的发展前景。另一方面因国情不同,木材贸易现状各异,目前各国对林产品绿色政府采购政策分歧较大。中国作为木材贸易大国,对此应加以重视。