经济资本:商业银行经营革命

基于风险调整后的资本收益率模型的经济资本的概念,20世纪90年代后期被欧洲和美国的一些大型商业银行广泛应用.作为现代商业银行经营管理的"核心技术",它广泛运用于商业银行经营管理的各个层面,为商业银行的经营管理提供了科学的标准和依据.本文将从资本监管、绩效考评、风险控制和经营理念四个方面阐明经济资本在风险管理方面的卓越功效,旨在阐明它所蕴含的理念对于推动我国商业银行由粗放经营转向集约经营所起的革命性作用.     

基于协整模型的农副食品加工业季度固定资产投资分析

建立了我国农副食品加工业2004～2010年季度固定资产投资规模与行业主营业务利润率、全国居民季度食品消费总支出,两种价格条件下的系统模型。发现固定资产投资规模与行业主营业务利润率、全国居民季度食品消费总支出的不同滞后期值之间存在"协整"关系,据此解释了农副食品加工业近年来固定资产投资规模与行业主营业务利润率"同涨"的原因。     

关于转轨经济中上市公司盈余管理的动机研究

中国经济步入转轨经济时期 ,政府角色的转换、国有企业改革、市场体系的初步建立以及金融、会计制度的变革等都构成了上市公司盈余管理的制度背景。从经济学角度来看 ,由于存在制度的政治契约和特殊的公司约束机制 ,再加之会计准则的不完全性及注册会计师的无效监督 ,地方政府与上市公司控股股东的强有力的支持等因素 ,上市公司的盈余管理有着天然的外部环境 ,并出现了各种不同的动机 ,如报酬契约动机、首次公开发行股票动机、配股动机、防亏或扭亏动机以及保牌动机、银行借款动机、高级管理人员的变动、市场动机、税收动机。本文试图研究这些动机     

浅谈经济利润对企业绩效的评价

在现实生活中,企业的经营目标是多元化的,而利润是最具有代表性的,它对企业经营绩效和决策的评价有着重要影响。本文从经济学的角度比较会计利润和经济利润对企业经营绩效和决策的评价。     

退耕还林工程与循环经济模式——云南省鹤庆县研究报告

以循环经济理论为基础,提出蚕-沼-桑的循环经济模式。阐述模式的构建并对其进行了可行性分析;运用盈亏平衡分析方法对种桑养蚕成本与收益进行分析;对蚕-沼-桑循环经济模式进行了效益评价;提出了相关建议。     

The impact of climate change on labour demand in the plantation sector: the case of tea production in Sri Lanka

Limited opportunities for crop switching and lengthy preharvesting periods make the plantation sector particularly vulnerable to climate change. Surprisingly, however, the economic consequences of climate change on plantation crops are seldom analysed. Drawing on a unique primary panel data set from a representative cross section of 35 tea estates in Sri Lanka over the period 2002–2014, this study implements a structural model of estate profit maximisation to estimate the elasticity of labour demand with respect to different components of weather. Results indicate a negative relationship between labour demand and rainfall in the south‐west monsoon, the north‐east monsoon and the second inter‐monsoon. A positive relationship is found between labour demand and rainfall in the first inter‐monsoon. Overall, predicted changes in rainfall by 2050 are anticipated to reduce labour demand by approximately 1,175,000 person‐days per year across Sri Lanka's tea plantation sector. This is likely to have considerable social and welfare implications, particularly for the Indian Tamil women who comprise the majority of the sector's workforce.     

How training and innovation link to farm performance: a structural equation analysis

The complexity of modern farm management places great demands on the skill, knowledge and capability of farm managers and their families. Keeping abreast of emerging technologies and innovations that can affect each key farm enterprise, and knowing how best to marshal the resources required for profitable farm production, are key tasks of farm management. This study draws on a longitudinal data set of 240 broadacre farmers to compare and analyse their farm performance over a decade. Using structural equation modelling, we examine relationships between the farm family's involvement in training, their human capital, their use of various innovations and ultimately the linkages of these factors to farm financial and productivity performance. Several statistically significant inter‐relationships are found, and some factors are shown to have significant positive links to farm performance. We find that training undertaken by the farm family, the farm family's human capital and their use of innovations, particularly key cropping innovations, have significant beneficial impacts on farm performance. The farmer's skills in time and organisational management, their engagement in business planning and the unique environmental characteristics of the farm also significantly and positively influence farm performance.     

论上市公司利润质量之综合评价

利润质量这一概念 ,在上市公司财务会计报告分析中十分重要。随着我国证券市场不断完善 ,上市公司数量日益增多 ,对上市公司利润质量进行监控和分析非常重要。文章对利润质量的影响因素 ,以及它与三大财务报表的关系作综合性评价 ,并应用AHP法(即层次分析法)对如何提高利润质量作了实证分析。     

试论不当得利的构成要件

不当得利制度发源于罗马法诉权,是民法中一项重要内容。构成不当得利有四个条件:必须一方获得利益;必须他方受到损失;必须受利益与受损失之间有因果关系;受益必须没有合法依据。     

企业隐性负债形成的动因及其战略思考

企业会计报表中的显性负债大部分是由于企业潜在的隐性负债聚集而生成的,是企业内外各种因素长期积淀的结果。如何化企业隐性负债为显性收益,须从企业战略高度去思考。本文在叙述企业隐性负债形成的时代背景的基础上分析企业负债形成的动因,并寻求其解决的途径。