Duration of price promotion and product profit: An in-depth study based on point-of-sale data

Anecdotal evidence has shown that retail price promotions can help small and medium-sized retailers enhance their sales, and thus profits. However, most marketing managers usually stop a promotion after a certain duration. This study aims to explain why these retailers discontinue their price promotion. Our approach posits that overall contributions of a price promotion to the product profit progressively diminish with time. In this study, we present a theoretical framework to explain the relationship between duration and profit effects of price promotion and propose statistical models to empirically examine this framework using point-of-sale (POS) data. Our findings provide empirical support that the effect of price promotion on the product profit has a downward trend with elapsed time. The results are helpful for marketers to understand how price promotions dynamically influence product profit and when the promotion should be terminated.     

Instructional Manipulation Checks: A longitudinal analysis with implications for MTurk

Instructional Manipulation Checks (IMCs) assess respondent behavior by, for example, asking participants not to answer a trick question. We find IMCs can be used to detect problematic response behavior in longitudinal surveys. This is important because a Latent Class Analysis based on IMC-failure in the two reported studies reveals that between 9% and 12% of respondents can be labelled Inattentive Stayers at the first survey-wave and between 13% and 17% at the third wave. The tendency of Inattentive Stayers to remain in the panel is particularly relevant for online panel services such as MTurk, with workers participating in many surveys over longer time-periods. We find IMC-failure to be mitigated by a warning to respondents that their attention will be checked early in the survey, but not by repeated exposure to IMCs, or a timer leaving questions on the screen longer. Respondent personality also plays a role in IMC-failure, which implies persistency of undesirable respondent behavior.     

国有控股上市公司股权激励市场效应的实证分析

本文采集了21家国有控股上市公司实施股权激励首次披露日前后三十个交易日的股票收盘价,并对这些股价进行了统计分析。实证结果显示,国有控股上市公司股票价格在股权激励方案首次披露日之后给投资者带来了超额收益,国有控股上市公司实施股权激励给个股股价带来正面的市场效应,并且能够提高国有控股上市公司的短期融资能力。分析认为,广大证券投资者没有过分担心因国有控股上市公司实施股权激励可能带来的国有资产流失问题,多数投资者持积极认同态度。     

现代企业成本控制机制研究

传统意义上的成本控制方法体系构建于"收入-费用=利润"的数量关系之上,不惜一切代价绝对地削减成本以保持一定的利润水平是其最显著特征。现代企业成本控制突破了企业这种价值观,而是将利润观念与成本控制语境演进进行对称研究,并进而建立了现代企业成本控制机制整体框架。在具体操作上,成本核算、成本控制与成本分析三位一体的实现是企业生产方式再造、成本流程设计与最佳成本控制方式选择的整体性制度安排。最后提出企业制度效应决定了成本控制方法体系的选择,任何期望不改变企业组织现存状态的成本控制都有必要进一步改进。     

基于蚁群算法的路径规划问题研究

基于VRP问题及其解法,提出一种用蚁群算法解决邮车路径规划问题的新方法。该方法首先用网络图理论建立邮递路径收益损耗模型,在此基础上利用蚁群算法进行全局搜索得到全局导航路经,然后利用网络分区策略局部调节导航路经上的节点,得到更优路经。实例结果显示,利用该算法可以规划出一条全局优化路经,且收敛效率高。     

论“质量第一”战略必需的内外部条件

企业要实施“质量第一”战略,必须具备相应的内外部条件。文章对质量在企业经营战略中的地位,以及实施“质量第一”战略所需的内外部条件进行了较为详细的论述,并同时指出,任何企业都可能为了追求“利润第一”最终目标而放弃“质量第一”战略。     

质量——企业利润之源

企业要生存就要不断创造利润,顾客是企业利润的提供者。本文从质量的含义、质量——市场竞争的焦点、质量——突破国际贸易技术壁垒的利器等方面论述了质量对于利润的重要性,从战略的层面、营销的层面、设计的层面、采购的层面、生产的层面和顾客服务的层面探讨了企业通过质量来获取利润的有效途径。     

业绩承诺变更会影响企业研发费用操纵吗?

以 2011-2022年A股并购业绩承诺事件为研究对象,探讨了业绩承诺变更对研发费用操纵的影响。研究发现:业绩承诺变更加剧了上市公司研发费用操纵现象,且这一影响是通过激发高管机会主义、降低商业信用融资能力实现的;异质性检验发现,业绩承诺变更对研发费用操纵的影响在关联并购事件、主并方为国有企业、以及分析师关注程度较低的企业中更为显著;动机和经济后果检验发现,业绩承诺变更主要通过激发高管的政策迎合动机提高了研发费用操纵水平,而该行为使得企业获取了更多的税收优惠和政府补助。     

Differentiated regulation: the case of charities

The increasing number and influence of charities in the economy, evidence of mismanagement and the need for information for policymaking are all reasons for establishing charity regulators. Public interest and public choice theories explain charity regulation which aims to increase public trust and confidence in charities (and thus increase voluntarism and philanthropy) and to limit tax benefits to specific organisations and donors. Nevertheless, regulation is resource intensive, and growing pressure on government budgets requires efficiencies to be found. This study proposes regulation differentiated according to charities' main resource providers, to reduce costs and focus regulatory effort, and provides a feasible segmentation.