三种国家公园管理模式的比较分析

国家公园目前有中央直接管理、中央和省级政府共管以及中央委托省级政府代管三种管理模式。选取东北虎豹国家公园、祁连山国家公园和武夷山国家公园作为三种管理模式的代表,通过实地走访、座谈会访谈等形式了解三个国家公园在不同管理模式下的管理机构设置与运行情况、事权划分以及政策诉求等情况,对三个国家公园的运行难题进行分析。研究发现:目前国家公园存在国家公园管理部门与地方政府配合不到位,职责未能很好地实施和履行;国家公园内部体制机制存在问题;跨区域管理机制尚不健全以及国家公园职能界定尚不清晰,对于国家公园概念需要进一步加深理解等问题。依据可持续发展理论,针对三种国家公园管理模式提出了政策建议。     

采用种群迁移策略的战场频率动态分配

给出了战场频率分配问题的形式化定义,并提出了一类标准问题测试集。针对问题特点,指出了现有频率分配策略的局限性,提出了一种基于种群迁移策略的战场频率动态分配新算法。新策略中,算法每一次迭代结束前,都以随机候选解和基于上一代最优解生成的候选解作为迁移种群来替换当前种群中较差的解,其中,迁移种群的生成过程受当前可用频率资源的限制。仿真结果表明,新提出的算法能够有效求解战场频率动态分配问题。     

整装勘查区矿业权设置方案评估浅析

依据整装勘查区矿业权设置方案相关内容,通过对首批47片整装勘查区矿业权设置方案中的主攻矿种、调整整合矿业权、矿业权设置方案调整情况进行分析,提出完善整装勘查区矿业权设置方案制度的建议：进一步加强全面实施矿业权设置方案制度的指导和宣传;全面、正确地理解矿业权设置方案编制、审查的要求,统一标准,提高编审质量;进一步加强整装勘查区矿业权设置方案信息化管理;整装勘查区矿业权设置方案应密切结合勘查工作部署,以主攻矿种为主兼顾重要的共伴生矿产,合理设置矿业权。     

地质事业单位人事制度改革的探索与实践

地质事业单位人事制度改革要抓住岗位遴选这一关键环节,加强岗位聘用后管理,完善岗位管理的全过程,通过深化改革,创建良好成才环境,促进地质事业发展。改革中遇到的具体问题：（1）由于人员结构不合理,带来岗位结构失衡;（2）专业技术岗分类;（3）管理岗没有出口;（4）工勤技能岗位等级之间比例失调等。建议：⑴健全相关配套制度;⑵制定过渡阶段的岗位政策;⑶将人事部门设置为专业技术岗;⑷建议岗位设置与干部管理相结合;⑸完善岗位设置聘后管理的制度建设。     

从传播学视角探析自媒体时代的“网络红人”现象

随着多媒体技术的发展,大众信息传播与分享的方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。现今的信息传播方式以个体为中心,具有高度互动性和参与性。进入了自媒体时代,尤其是微博、微信等私人化网络媒体的出现,给了普通民众更多话语权和高度参与的机会,由此也直接促进了一批批“网络红人”的出现。每一个“网络红人”的出现,总能在虚拟世界以及现实世界掀起阵阵舆论波澜,也引来了媒体的蜂拥报道。如何正确看待“网络红人”现象,减少其负面影响,使其发挥积极、正面的作用,亟需社会的关注。     

INSTITUTIONAL WAGE EFFECTS: REVISITING UNION AND BARGAINING COUNCIL WAGE PREMIA IN SOUTH AFRICA

The literature on the union wage gap in South Africa is extensive, spanning a range of data sets and methodologies. There is, however, little consensus on the appropriate method to correct for the endogeneity of union membership or the size of the union wage gap. Furthermore, there are very few studies on the bargaining council wage premium in South Africa because of lack of data on the coverage of employees under these agreements. Our study, using 2005 Labour Force Survey data, firstly reconsiders the union wage gap controlling for both firm‐level and job characteristics. When correcting for the endogeneity of union status through a two‐stage selection model and including firm size, type of employment, and non‐wage benefits, we find a much lower union wage premium for African workers in the formal sector than premiums reported in some previous studies. Secondly, our study estimates bargaining council wage premiums for the private and public sectors. We find that extension procedures are present in both private and public bargaining council systems but that unions negotiate for additional gains for their members at the plant level. Furthermore, there is some evidence that unions negotiate for awards for their members in the private sector irrespective of bargaining council coverage.     

Corporate lobbying in the UK: an analysis of attitudes towards the ASB's 1995 deferred taxation proposals

This paper models corporate lobbying behaviour with respect to the ASB's 1995 discussion paper on deferred taxation. The study makes improvements to the methodology applied in prior studies. It expands the definition of lobbying beyond the submission of comment letters. It extends the analysis to control for past lobbying behaviour. It uses multinomial logistic regression to consider those companies lobbying in favour, those lobbying against, and those that did not lobby. The findings suggest that size and past lobbying behaviour are key determinants of the decision to lobby. In addition, companies that lobbied against the proposals were more likely to have debt covenants than were those that lobbied in favour. Debt covenants, however, did not explain the difference between non-lobbyists and lobbyists against. Companies that lobbied in favour were more likely to experience incentive compensation effects than were those that lobbied against. There was some evidence of the influence of US listing.     

Wage bargaining and inflation

This paper investigates the issue of time inconsistency of monetary policy in a game with perfect information and infinite repetitions. The private sector is described by a wage negotiation process between a labour union and a firm. Unlike in the standard literature, the model has the feature that as the distortion of the economy gets larger, namely as the bargaining power of the union increases, the reputational equilibrium with low inflation becomes more likely to occur. This finding is consistent with the observation that higher levels of the labour cost are not typically associated with higher levels of inflation.     

Promoting healthy eating to children: a text message (SMS) feedback approach

The paper presents the design and results of a goal‐setting and feedback intervention aimed at increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables. The intervention involved 256 Danish adolescents (aged 12), and consisted of a nutrition education programme and an SMS‐based diary and feedback procedure that involved setting and modifying consumption goals. Effects were measured by comparing consumption goals and consumption data from the SMS diaries as well as from pre‐ and post‐intervention surveys. In addition to assessing the effects of the intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetables, an objective of the study was to evaluate the intervention process in terms of attrition and goal accommodation behaviours. Based on the pre‐intervention survey, the sample was split into two groups consisting of pupils with low vs. high intake of fruits and vegetables. The diary and feedback design resulted in low attrition for both groups of pupils. Contrary to expectations, however, pupils with a high vs. low pre‐intervention intake were not less likely to reduce their intake goals during the intervention. For the pupils with low pre‐intervention intake, the intervention resulted in small but significant increases in consumption frequencies, whereas the partial effect of the SMS routines was only marginally positive. Unexpectedly, the pupils with a high pre‐intervention intake reduced their consumption of fruits and vegetables during the intervention.     

论高职公共英语课程改革

公共英语是高职的公共基础课,公共英语课程如何为人才培养服务是近年来高职公共课程改革的热点,文章在分析高职公共英语课程现状的基础上,依据学生职业发展的需求,提出了高职公共英语的培养目标、课程设置、课程组织形式、课程教学模式及学习评价机制等一整套课程改革的观点,并以相关实践成果作佐证.对高职院校尤其是沿海地区高职院校的公共英语课程改革具有借鉴作用.