Controlling Pollution with Relaxed Regulations

We investigate the features of optimal environmental policies composed of pollution standards and costly inspection processes, where fines for exceeding the standards depend both on the degree of transgression and the environmental technology that the firm uses to reduce the social impact of its polluting activity. We show that the main characteristics of these policies depend crucially on when the firm selects that technology with respect to the timing of the policy announcement. In fact, the firm has incentives to over-invest in green technologies when the policy is announced afterwards; and to under-invest in them if the environmental authority plays first. Surprisingly, we find that both the firm and the regulator prefer that the firm invests in technology before the policy is announced, even when this implies that expected penalties for noncompliance might be zero.     

汽车覆盖件冲压CAE分析关键设置及验收标准

文章介绍了汽车覆盖件冲压成形性分析常用的3种CAE分析软件的特点和差异,以及冲压CAE分析工作的内容及交付物,总结了3种软件对汽车覆盖件进行冲压CAE分析时的关键设置及CAE分析结果的验收评价标准,为冲压工艺工程师更好地开展冲压CAE分析工作提供有益参考。     

Researcher rank stability across alternative output measurement schemes in the context of a time limited research evaluation: the New Zealand case

This article focuses on the stability of rankings of academics by research productivity in the context of short-term decision-making. In particular, the growing use of national research assessment exercises (NRAE) has increased interest in identifying the contributions of individual researchers to an assessment unit’s output and ranking. The article concentrates on the assessment of individuals using plausible journal ranking schemes. We find that despite statistical evidence of a high degree of stability across journal ranking schemes as indicated by rank correlation coefficients, the particular ranking scheme used is of great importance to individual researchers. This applies with particular force to academics working within a NRAE environment based on individual assessment such as New Zealand’s PBRF.     

Optimal price setting during a currency changeover: theory and evidence from french restaurants

This article studies firms’ price-setting decision during a currency changeover. Buyers’ difficulties with the new nominal price level may create incentives to raise prices temporarily but doing so comes at the risk of damaging a seller’s standing as a fair retailer. We model firms’ trade-off and study conditions under which increasing or decreasing prices is optimal. A difference-in-differences analysis based on micro-data of French restaurants strongly supports the model’s predictions. Prices during the 2002 changeover in the European Monetary Union were less likely to rise in larger restaurants, nontourist restaurants and when prices were advertised.     

中国传统文化在应用型本科院校动漫专业的课程设置和功能实现

基于动漫专业的发展现状,结合应用型本科院校实际情况,从中国传统文化类课程设置的依据、原则与实施三个方面,探讨了新形势下中国传统文化在高校动漫专业的课程设置和功能实现,将包罗万象的中国传统文化系统化、类别化,在动漫专业学生的教学目标、教学内容、教学方法及课时安排的选择上,在专业技术与传统艺术类知识的相互配合、相互衔接上,制定了更适合动漫专业人才发展目标的模块式课程体系,为提高动漫专业学生的审美情趣、创新精神和人文素养做了切实可行的调研和探讨。     

商业信息管理与信息系统专业应用型人才培养探讨

本文从现代商业对信息管理应用型人才的需求出发,根据教育部对信息管理与信息系统的培养要求,分析了商学院培养信息管理与信息系统专业应用型人才应具有的素质和应设置的相关课程.     

Developing a Framework for Understanding a Tourism Service Setting

ABSTRACT

This study aims to extend current typologies in physical environments as applied to service marketing. The physical setting in which service delivery is undertaken creates expectations of the level of service. Thus, the design of the service environment should be carefully undertaken to ensure consistency with service expectations. This is a report/study which demonstrates that many organizations fail to adequately capture the servicescape in tourism settings as evidenced by low accuracy in classification by the participants.     

Design and evaluation of road pricing: state-of-the-art and methodological advances

This article provides an in-depth review of the state-of-the-art and describes methodological advances in the design and evaluation of road network pricing schemes. A number of paradigm shifts from the two polar cases of the marginal social cost pricing of road traffic congestion and revenue-maximizing road toll pricing are analyzed, as induced by the need to address realistic design complexities and constraints. The crucial role of the joint consideration of pricing strategies with optimal capacity provision and several network management measures is manifested and an integrated evaluation framework is suggested to incorporate a wide range of road pricing impacts into the scheme design process.