零售企业自有品牌发展研究

零售企业开发自有品牌是零售企业发展的一个显著特征,本文对零售企业发展自有品牌获得成本、营销组合、竞争、差别优势及提升零售商的品牌价值等方面进行了研究,提出了中国零售企业发展自有品牌应以跟随型自有品牌在价格上形成优势,用高端卖场品牌型自有品牌在质量上竞争,使零售企业利润达到最大化。     

Diversity of Slovenian high-growth companies

Firm growth is critical to economic development and the creation of wealth and employment. Exploring issues and challenges facing high-growth companies may offer valuable insights into promoting dynamic entrepreneurship in contemporary society. This paper investigates Slovenian high-growth companies （data from the Slovenian 500 fastest growing gazelles competition2007 to 2009）. Fundamental research questions are： Why do some firms continue to create new employment and find innovative solutions to old problems （i.e., they grow） whereas others--the majority, remain small and behave in accordance with the traditions of their respective industry？ Where do explanations for such divergence lie, in companies＇ size or industry--in entrepreneurs＇ or managers＇ gender, or in technology orientation （high-tech versus low-tech）？ This study aims to add to the literature on high-growth companies by examining high-growth companies to help people better understand the attributes associated with companies＇ growth. The findings provide evidence of considerable heterogeneity among Slovenian fast-growing companies, making any kind of policy which linked to ＂common characteristics＂ hard to formulate and implement. The discussion focuses on the importance of policies using a character framework to foster the working of markets, while removing unnecessary obstacles.     

The Intellectual Structure Of Research Into PPPs

Abstract

Public–private partnerships (or PPPs) encompass a broad spectrum of public sector infrastructure and service initiatives. Recently, some scholars have undertaken literature review studies of the various definitions of the concept of PPPs and its research traditions, identifying several distinct PPP research approaches. This article aims to: (1) enhance the findings of these literature reviews; (2) identify the cited works and authors (intellectual structure) in the published research on PPPs; (3) define the subfields that constitute the intellectual structure of PPP research fields. The methodology is based on the bibliometric techniques of citation and author co-citation analysis applied to published research on PPPs included in the Social Science Citation Index.     

A note on Heckman-type corrections in models for zero expenditures

In Heien and Wessells (1990), a two-step estimation procedure, that makes use of Heckman-type corrections, is proposed to estimate consumption on household budget surveys. It is shown that this approach, which draws from switching regressions models, leads to inconsistent estimates.     

Why Private Label Grocery Brands Have Not Succeeded in Asia

Abstract

Lower disposable income among Asian grocery shoppers, heavily discounted private label grocery brands, relative to national brands, and a favorable retail distribution structure would seem to predispose the former to success. But this has not been the case. To learn why private label grocery brands have not succeeded in Asia, two identical shopper surveys were conducted in Wichita, Kansas (United States) and Prakanong-Bangna, Bangkok (Thailand) to examine possible factors relating to retail grocery shopping differences. The authors found that poor market knowledge, and the tendency of Thai consumers to infer product quality by using extrinsic cues such as high price were salient. Additionally, Thai choices were influenced more by social factors than Americans, making them less prone to bargain hunting. The paper concludes with the discussion of managerial implications and offers recommendations to retail chain owners operating in the region.     

基于本土化公共服务理念的社会治理创新路径问题研究

社会治理创新与我国经济发展和政治文明的进步相呼应，是社会发展到一定阶段的必然要求。随着社会经济的快速发展，人民的生活水平日益提高，原有的社会管理模式对于人们满足日益增长的物质和文化生活需要来说，面临着越来越多的困难。通过对政府公共服务理念的讨论，分析在该理念下社会治理创新主体，包括政府、社会组织和公众的角色和作用，提出基于本土化公共服务理念的创新社会治理路径。     

Voting on prices vs. voting on quantities in a World Climate Assembly

This paper posits the conceptually useful allegory of a futuristic “World Climate Assembly” that votes on global carbon emissions via the basic principle of majority rule. Two variants are considered. One is to vote on a universal price (or tax) that is internationally harmonized, but the proceeds from which are domestically retained. The other is to vote on the overall quantity of total worldwide emissions, which are then distributed for free (via a pre-decided fractional subdivision formula) as individual allowance permits that are subsequently marketed in an international cap-and-trade system. The model of the paper suggests that the majority-voted price is likely to be less distortionary and easier to enact than the majority-voted total quantity of permits. Some possible implications for climate-change negotiations are noted.     

民营上市公司的政治关系与公司价值的实证研究

本文以我国2006—2008年沪、深两市民营上市公司为研究对象,对民营上市公司的政治关系与公司价值的关系进行实证研究。研究结果表明,无论采用托宾Q还是净资产收益率来衡量公司价值,我国民营上市公司高管的政府背景与公司价值之间都具有负相关的关系,但是在统计上都是不显著的。     

Public–private partnerships: Task interdependence and contractibility

We examine the proper scope of public–private partnerships in the context of a project consisting of two tasks, building and operation of a facility. We investigate the optimal arrangement regarding bundling versus unbundling and private ownership versus public ownership. Like Bennett and Iossa (2006), we assume that the innovative activity in the building stage has impacts on, among other things, the subsequent operational cost. We relax the nature of task interdependence and study different contractual frameworks. The general insight is that given limitations in contractibility, contrary to common sense, complementarity between tasks favors unbundling over bundling.     

政府与民办养老机构互动机理及管理策略研究

文章通过建立民办养老机构与政府的博弈模型，探讨政府补贴与民办养老机构定价的关系，以及单层级服务与多层级服务选择问题，分析相关因素变化对政府与民办养老机构所带来的影响。结果表明，民办养老机构选择多层级模式时，应适当拉开服务水平层级差距；养老需求水平较高时，多层级模式优于单层级模式，养老需求水平较低时，单层级模式优于多层级模式；老年人的机构养老服务偏好越大，选择多层级模式对政府及民办养老机构越有利；高服务成本的养老机构宜选择单层级模式，低服务成本的养老机构宜选择多层级模式。