我国货币政策是否要应对资产价格泡沫

研究结果表明,我国货币增长与房价上涨之间存在着显著的互为因果关系,货币供给对上证综指存在着单向因果关系.因此,货币政策应对房市泡沫必须采取事前应对策略,而对股市泡沫可以采取事后应对策略.针对房价泡沫,货币政策应采取及时紧缩货币措施进行干预,甚至可以采用刺破泡沫的极端手段.     

制度改进的基本思维:演化动力和优化原则

新古典主义主要基于力量博弈解释制度变迁,但实际上促进制度变迁的因素有三类:一是社会力量结构的自发变动,二是社会力量结构的自觉变动,三是对制度本质的社会认知提高。其中,后两者都与认知有关,认知在非正式制度转化为正式制度中扮演着重要角色。同时,新古典主义主要基于效率原则设计社会制度,但实际上制度优化有两大原则:正义原则和效率原则。其中,正义原则是根本性的,制度的设立和完善必须体现不断深化的社会正义和应得权利。     

组织中角色与信任的关系研究

组织成员的角色定位产生了组织信任的三种适应机制:信任适势机制、信任适理机制和信任适意机制.这三种机制降低了组织的运行成本,有利于组织获得合法性,提高了组织对自身和外界的调控程度.因此,组织在实现其效用最大化的理性目标上具有软性优势.     

我国房地产泡沫形成的原因及对策分析

改革开放以来,中国的房地产业得到了迅猛的发展。目前,房地产业成为整个社会财富的重要构成,成为推动工业化和城镇化的重要力量,但房地产市场的蓬勃发展与急剧转型,出现了房地产市场泡沫经济现象。基于实证研究结论,通过分析我国房地产发展现状及我国房地产市场泡沫的成因,以典型城市的房地产市场泡沫数据为依托,从银行的角度,针对防范房地产泡沫提出了实行紧缩的房地产信贷政策,调整房地产信贷结构,加强房地产信贷监管等对策和建议。     

基于指标法评价深圳房地产市场泡沫状况

本文从房地产价格、需求以及供给方面构建了房地产泡沫评价的指标体系,利用指标体系对深圳地区房地产泡沫状况进行实证分析,得出如下结论:深圳地区2003~2006年是一个泡沫积累的过程,2007年则是泡沫加剧积累的时期,2008年价格波动可以判断深圳住宅价格失去了合理性,总体上存在着严重的泡沫成分,当前政府的重点是加强各项制度方面的建设。     

中国房地产泡沫风险的多维分析

由于中国缺乏可靠的房价指数,判断房价合理性的难度较大。鉴此,本文采用定性与定量分析相结合的方法,综合多个角度的分析,认为我国存在或正在形成住房价格泡沫风险,应当引起宏观经济决策者和市场的警惕。     

Predictable irrationality in managerial accounting: Does knowledge overcome cognitive biases of undergraduate students?

Managerial accounting teaches students to make rational decisions by evaluating sunk costs, incremental costs, and opportunity costs. The behavioral literature suggests that biases and heuristics overcome rational thinking. The authors explore whether learning cost concepts attenuates behavioral biases. They find a statistically significant proportion of students completing a managerial accounting course exhibit predictable irrationality in personal choices. By matching behavioral choices with final exam answers, the authors also find that learning rationality principles in accounting does not reduce predictably irrational choices in other settings. The study findings are robust across three key rational concepts. Overall, the authors cannot reject the hypothesis that behavioral choices are independent of knowledge of the underlying principle of rationality.     

Rationality of weather predictions and insurance purchases: testing the gambler’s and hot hand fallacies

Deviations from the rational behaviour assumed in many economic models have been found in a variety of settings. Two such deviations, the gambler’s and hot hand fallacies have been found in lab settings, as well as in consequential real-world decisions. Previous economic experiments have shown that the behaviour of professionals can differ from that of the general population. In this paper, we use data from two experiments conducted with a particular group of professionals who make yearly high-stakes decisions in the face of uncertain weather and market conditions: agricultural producers. In the experiments, participants were asked to make predictions about the coming year’s weather and market conditions and make decisions in a familiar decision context. Results indicate evidence of the gambler’s fallacy, such that participants were less likely to predict a good outcome if the previous outcome(s) were good. We also observe that participants were more likely to gamble if a previous gamble was successful, but find no impact on two successful gambles. These combined results indicate that even professionals with many years of experience can exhibit behaviours that deviate from those assumed by classical models.     

Arena-based events and crime: an analysis of hourly robbery data

This article makes use of hourly crime counts to model the relationship between events that take place at the Prudential Center in Newark, NJ and robberies, an arena that has caused local controversy regarding the costs and benefits of hosting such an entertainment venue. Results from the econometric model suggest that the NHL’s New Jersey Devils ice hockey games, concerts, and Disney-themed events are all associated with increases in robbery, while various other event categories such as the NBA basketball games played by the Nets and boxing, and mixed martial arts (MMA) matches are not associated with an increase. These findings support two complementary ecological theories of crime that focus on how events provide additional opportunities for crime by increasing the associated benefits while simultaneously decreasing the cost for economically motivated offenders to take advantage of.