DISTRIBUTIONS OF REAL INCOME: WITHIN COUNTRIES AND BY WORLD INCOME CLASSES

Income and expenditure data from 14 countries (representing one-third of the world's population), mostly from the 1970s, are used to construct national income distributions and , after normalizing by purchasing power parities, to construct a "world" distribution of real income. The density of real-income equivalent groups (socio-economic classes) across countries is measured for the "affluent," the "well-off," and the "poor." In comparison with earlier studies, most national distributions of income seem to have been improving, the numbers of those in poverty (based on real income) are lower, and, most important (and disturbing for some) is that the "affluent" class (and those above "middle class" income levels) has (prematurely) swelled in a number of developing countries.     

共同遗嘱上的两难抉择及其立法应对

共同遗嘱,作为两个或两个以上的遗嘱人共同设立的同一份遗嘱,具有主体的复数性、撤销变更的非自由性以及生效时间的不等同性等特点。共同遗嘱是一种优劣互现的遗嘱形式,就我国而言,似以承认共同遗嘱为较优选择。构建我国共同遗嘱制度应针对其缺陷,在共同遗嘱主体、客体、内容、形式撤销与变更等问题上做专门性设计。     

The Relationship between Federal Deficits and Real Interest Rates

Real interest rates fluctuated a great deal since the 1970s. In the 1980s federal deficits accelerated and their impact on both nominal and real interest rates gained lots of attention. Based on monthly and quarterly data from January 1971 to December 1997 it is found that federal deficits had significant positive effect on the real interest rates: Personal income or consumption are found to have significant positive impact on the real interest rates, whereas expected inflation and money supply are found to have negative impact on the real interest rates. These findings are consistent with the conventional economic theory.     

论亚洲金融风暴后的人民币汇率

亚洲金融风暴 ,给人民币带来了很大的压力 ,中国政府采取了一系列措施 ,对外汇和金融机构进行了及时、科学的管理 ,保持了人民币汇率的稳定。随着国际和国内形势的发展变化 ,人民币将来的趋势如何 ,文中进行了详细的分析后指出 ,只要有利于祖国大陆整体发展就是政策最佳选择方向。     

关于建设方式决策的技术经济评价

论述了中外合资项目中自建、运行与第三上有－运行配套设施或基础化学方案的以方法 。     

基于灰关联分析的市场比较法改进研究

市场比较法具有简单易行和直观易懂的特点,在房地产估价中得到广泛的使用。但其估价的准确性十分依赖于因素的修正和比准价格的确定。在此,建立因素修正量化表,并引入灰关联分析,使得估价结果更加符合实际。最后通过实例计算表明,改进后的市场比较法精度有较大提高,较之其他改进方法具有操作简便的特点。     

中国外贸增长中的人民币汇率因素分析及建议

人民币汇率因素是推动我国外贸持续增长所要面对的首要问题,在其背后牵涉的是弱势美元、通货膨胀以及企业竞争等错综复杂的关系。只有正确认识和处理所牵涉的这些变量,我们才能从根本上保证我国外贸增长的可持续性。     

市场垄断是我国房地产价格上涨的根源

2007我国房地产价格仍然延续了上涨趋势,因此在目前的经济环境下,研究我国房地产价格的影响因素,并通过经济学的分析方法揭示其根源是非常有意义的.通过研究分析表明:我国房地产市场是垄断市场,垄断高价是房地产垄断的经济后果之一,若想解决房地产高价问题,必先打破房地产垄断.     

Reciprocity,Multiplexity, and Exchange: Measures

We introduce measures and statistical tests for multiplexity and exchange that are modeled on similar ideas developed for reciprocity quite early in the history of social network research. As properties of a multi-relation network, multiplexity, and exchange have almost as ancient a history as reciprocity, but have not been as intensively investigated from a methodological perspective. Multiplexity refers to the extent to which two ties, for example, advice and friendship, coincide over population; that is, do respondents name the same people as friends as the persons they nominate as individuals from who they seek advice. Exchange refers to the extent to which a tie of one type directed from person i to person j is returned by a tie of another type from j to i. We conceive of the current paper as the first part of a two-part paper, wherein the second part explores specific theoretical models for multiplexity and exchange.     

新一代航天测量船导航系统信息融合技术

分析了我国航天测量船导航系统的优缺点，提出了一种基于分散化滤波理论的联邦卡尔曼滤波体系结构（FKF），并研究了其最优融合估计算法和实时性。仿真结果表明，它可以有效地提高组合导航系统的精度和容错性能。最终的设计方案已成功应用于一种航天测量船组合导航系统中。