Crisis and Creative Destruction: Cases of Korean and Japanese Stock Markets

In this essay, we investigate the contrasting performance of Korean and Japanese stock markets before and after the East Asian currency crisis. The Korean stock markets showed a sharper decline and a faster recovery than the Japanese stock markets. First, we theoretically explain these contrasting movements of stock markets by explicitly modeling and adding some new elements to the idea of IT revolution in Greenwood and Jovanovic (Amer. Econom. Rev. 89, 1999, 116–122). Then we empirically prove that the theoretical model in this paper has some quantitative support by considering the level of monthly stock market capitalization and the return on daily stock index in Korea and Japan.JEL Classification Code: F43     

How did the Great Recession Affect Gender Disparity in Europe? An Analysis by a Multidimensional Deprivation Approach

ABSTRACT

This paper analyses how the Great Recession affected the gender disparity in material and social deprivation in Europe. We propose multidimensional non-monetary indexes of absolute and relative (i.e. using peer comparisons) deprivations estimated on data from the European Quality of Life Survey for the waves 2007 and 2011. We find that the Great Recession decreased gender disparity over all the dimensions of deprivations. By applying a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, we estimate that this decline of gender gap has depended on a reduction of the difference in characteristics between genders that has more than offset an increase of gender discrimination.     

试析美国经济的增长性衰退及对中国的影响

美国经济滑坡已持续 1年多时间 ,由于美国经济在世界经济中所占比重约为 30 % ,因而导致世界经济全面走软。本文首先分析了美国经济的现状 ,然后 ,引用世界银行提出的“增长性衰退”这一概念 ,分析了美国经济的未来走势。最后 ,文章根据结论分析了美国经济的增长性衰退对我国经济的影响     

产业政策影响了衰退期企业的并购决策吗?

产业政策是国家优化社会资源配置、调整产业结构的一种重要调控手段。研究产业政策对衰退期企业战略调整具有重要的现实意义。以2013—2018年A股上市企业的并购事件为研究样本,实证检验了产业政策对衰退期企业并购决策的影响、作用路径和经济后果。结果显示：衰退期企业更倾向于并购产业政策支持行业的企业,当衰退期企业所在行业本身不受产业政策支持时这种现象更加明显;从作用机制来看,产业政策具有明显的“资源效应”,即当衰退期企业的融资约束程度越大时向产业政策支持行业进行并购的可能性更大,这种偏好在民营企业中更明显;从作用效果来看,衰退期企业向产业政策扶持的行业进行并购能够提升并购绩效。     

全球经济步入衰退期：警示与建议

当前,全球金融危机已转为全球经济衰退,并且还存在着诸多不确定因素以及难以解决的矛盾。这警示我们：我国金融机构必须要有独立的风险判断能力,我国改革发展绝不能“过分崇洋”和对资本主义的“狼性”缺乏应有的警惕,中资银行和企业要切实提升自身的核心竞争力和抗风险的能力,现行的世界货币体系必须进行改革,高薪激励是有害的和不可持续的机制。我国要力争避免“美国救市、中国埋单”,要研究充分合理运用外汇资本,加强对金融机构的监管,防止救市猛药造成通货膨胀危险等。     

The Impact of the Great Recession on Financial Services Advertising: An Exploratory Study

We explore how advertising managers of financial services organizations have responded to the repercussions of the Great Recession in their advertising strategies. To this end, we compare print ads for financial services that appeared in six magazines at two periods in time: 2005, prior to the Great Recession and 2010, after the end of the Great Recession. We content analyzed 755 prints ads and found major differences in the advertising strategies from prerecession to postrecession, particularly in the type of appeals. We further examined these strategic shifts by audience focus (business-to-business and business-to-consumer) and gender focus (male, female, or both).     

日本寿险业的盛衰变迁及其对我国的启示

日本寿险业的盛衰变迁是日本保险业多年来盲目扩张、追求规模、过分依赖政府保护、缺乏富有竞争优势的管理体制、缺乏透明的经营管理及财务制度结构、资金运用失败的必然结果。为此，建议我国寿险业界着重从开发新险种、适当放宽保险资金的运用渠道、进一步加强对保险公司的法人监管及资金的专业化管理、建立健全保险业社团法人体系等诸方面寻求解决之道，进一步完善我国的寿险市场。     

中日“萧条经济”比较分析

根据《新帕尔格雷夫经济学大词典》对于“萧条”的定义,对照中,日两国的实际经济状况,我们可以认定目前中国和日本均处于“萧条经济”之中,但却分属两种不同类型,对两种萧条经济的特征,表现形式和原因等进行比较分析可以发现,货币政策对于二者的作用均不明显,但原因却有不同,目前,积极的财政政策应是两国共同的主要政策方向,同时,由于体制性因素是二者萧根本原因,故而作者主张进行结构调整。     

Stock Volatility during the Recent Financial Crisis

This paper uses monthly returns from 1802 to 2010, daily returns from 1885 to 2010, and intraday returns from 1982 to 2010 in the USA to show how stock volatility has changed over time. It also uses various measures of volatility implied by option prices to infer what the market was expecting to happen in the months following the financial crisis in late 2008. This episode was associated with historically high levels of stock market volatility, particularly among financial sector stocks, but the market did not expect volatility to remain high for long and it did not. This is in sharp contrast to the prolonged periods of high volatility during the Great Depression. Similar analysis of stock volatility in the United Kingdom and Japan reinforces the notion that the volatility seen in the 2008 crisis was relatively short‐lived. While there is a link between stock volatility and real economic activity, such as unemployment rates, it can be misleading.     

Estimation of foreign MNEs spillovers in Spain

Using Spanish firm-level data, we estimate productivity effects of spillovers from foreign multinationals to domestic firms in both manufacturing and service sectors. We find evidence of a positive productivity effect from multinationals on domestic firms operating in the same industry. Analyzing inter-industry linkages, we find evidence consistent with positive productivity spillovers from forward linkages (i.e. from suppliers to buyers) and negative productivity spillovers from backward linkages (i.e. from buyers to suppliers). Our main results hold when analyzing differences between multinational and domestic firms, and for periods of economic growth and recession, although some differences arise. Interestingly, we find evidence supporting a positive role of spillovers during the last recession period.