实验室有机试剂的回收利用

介绍了采用活性碳吸附法和恒温水浴蒸馏法回收实验室产生的有机废液,详细地探讨了四氯化碳、三氯甲烷和石油醚等废液的回收利用方法。     

The profile of the green consumer in Greece

Sustainable consumption is one of the major goals of the affluent European societies in their quest for sustainable development. A key player in sustainable consumption is the sustainable or green consumer. The aim of this study was to examine the profile of the Greek green consumer based on the study and empirical analysis of engagement in selected 3R (reduce – reuse – recycle) activities. In addition, the attitudes on certain issues related to sustainable consumption of the consumers were examined and analysed. Empirical analysis is based on the use of a cross‐section data set. An extensive survey of 300 Greek consumers via a questionnaire was carried out in the first trimester of 2008. The sampled households were located in five of the main and most representative regions of Athens, with respect to the socioeconomic characteristics (sex, age, income group, education level) of their residents. Respondents were asked to answer questions examining the 3R concept on daily issues such as solid waste generation and water and energy consumption. Empirical results are based on the estimation of regression models. Econometric models are estimated for each question explaining engagement in 3R activities. Empirical results suggest that sociodemographic characteristics do specify engagement in 3R related activities. In particular, age and income are the most influential factors that determine this engagement. In addition, our study reveals that four out of five Greek consumers identify global climate change as the most important issue of our time. However, only one in five of the respondents are willing to change their lifestyle in order to mitigate the negative environmental impacts of our everyday activities; compared with men, women are more willing to do so. One in two consumers report that eco‐friendly products are more expensive than standard ones. However, when questioned as to whether they would pay a higher price for products with less environmental impact, almost four out of five responded favourably.     

Using social marketing to enhance hotel reuse programs

Hotels are increasingly sponsoring social marketing programs to encourage voluntary reduction of towel and linen use. These programs reduce water usage thus benefiting the environment. They also reduce hotels' laundering costs. Two controlled experiments were conducted to assess behavioral intentions and attributions as a result of such programs. Results demonstrate that response is most positive when savings from the program are donated to charity. When evidence is provided suggesting that a majority of hotel guests participate (social proof), the impact of how savings are used is reduced. This is especially pronounced for those traveling on business. Fit between the charity and the reuse program is inconsequential. The authors discuss implications.     

基于S1000D的SCORM标准学习资源建设研究

本文针对现有学习资源位置分散、不易管理的问题，参照S1000D标准，提出了学习资源标准编码规则，设计了学习资源核心数据库的物理结构，并开发出相应的学习资源管理系统，有效减少了SCORM标准课程开发的时间和成本，提高了学习资源的共享性和重用性。     

工业建筑遗产再利用研究

当前,我国的城市发展由于工业建设和城市发展之间的矛盾.城市的职能和产业结构的重新调整,以及城市总体规划调整后引起局部土地功能的变化,导致在城市中出现闲置和废弃的旧工业建筑.如何看待和再利用这些城市工业建筑"遗产",是目前我国城市建设面临的重大课题.本文首先分析了工业建筑遗产的价值和我国工业建筑遗产再利用的现状,而后从工业建筑遗产再利用的动因出发,探析了工业建筑遗产再利用中应该遵循的原则,最后提出工业建筑遗产再利用的模式.     

循环经济的生态学分析

发展循环经济，建立节约型社会已成为全社会的共识。循环经济是对自然生态规律的充分利用，也是对自然生态中物质和能量流动形武的模拟。其目标是要达到自然资源的可持续利用，减少对环境的污染。以实现人类社会经济的持续发展。发展循环经济可以借鉴生态学中的生态平衡原理、循环再生原理和共生共存原理，使资源和能源利用达到最小化，在生产过程中实现资源的再利用。而在生产的输出端采用资源的再循环原则，实现废弃物向再生产的转化。     

中水——城市污水资源化的有效途径

由于世界人口增长和社会经济的发展,人类的用水量剧增,原有的清洁水资源受到人类活动的污 染,使地球上水资源利用日趋紧缺。水问题已经成为我国经济可持续发展的制约因素,并将成为21世纪我 国经济发展最突出的问题。实现污水资源化具有明显的环境效益、经济效益和社会效益,是保护水资源和使 水资源增值的有效途径,同时也会大大地缓解我国水资源的紧缺。本文通过对“中水”的经济性分析,认为污 水资源化将是保护水资源和水资源增值的有效途径。     

国外绿色物流的发展与实践

主要从政府规划、工业生态园区、绿色供应链管理、绿色包装和逆向物流等方面介绍了国外绿色物流的发展与实践活动。     

The global economic costs of the need to treat polluted water

We estimate the global costs and other implications of the need to treat wastewater before it can be re-used. We extend the World Trade Model by creating water treatment sectors and provide alternative sources of water for satisfying users’ quantity and quality requirements. The database distinguishes qualities and quantities of water endowments, sectoral water requirements, and wastewater discharges. We estimate that global water treatment costs could be reduced by several trillion dollars if water endowments were maintained at higher quality than currently is the case. Under scenarios where water quality degrades further, the treatment costs more than double even without taking account of likely increases in quality requirements. This modeling framework provides a starting point not only for more detailed empirical investigations of water management strategies, but also for examining prospects and associated costs for recovering other resources, such as metals, which can be reused multiple times.     

Which hotel guest segments reuse towels? Selling sustainable tourism services through target marketing

ABSTRACT

This paper reviews and evaluates the wide range of supply and demand side measures employed and tested to reduce the environmental impacts of tourist accommodation. It focuses on the importance of understanding market segments and their pro-environmental behaviour by exploring the personal and travel characteristics significantly associated with pro-environment beneficial change, empirically investigating hotel guest characteristics associated with higher towel reuse. Towel use per day, per room, is modelled according to the number of adults in the room, the number of children, and the type and origins of guests. Observed actual towel use by 204 travel parties spending 480 nights in a four-star hotel in Slovenia reveals key personal and travel characteristics of hotel guests which are predictive of towel reuse: their country of origin, booking methods used, being a business traveller and not being a family. Results point to a-priori market segments which could be given booking preference in periods of high demand to reduce hotel environmental footprints. Results also point to promising leverage points for interventions designed to modify the behaviour of hotel guests on site. The approach and methodology used could be applied to marketing pro-environmental concepts more widely across other sustainable initiatives.