Factors impacting the demand for repair services of household products: the disappearing repair trades and the throwaway society

The repair trades for common household appliances and products were once a viable trade in America, employing hundreds of thousands of skilled blue‐collar workers. However, over the past few decades, these trades have been dying out. The reason is that many household products are simply disposed of rather than repaired and reused, a result of the throwaway society. The disposal of household products, especially those considered ‘e‐waste’, can have negative consequences for the environment. Through time series analysis, this paper explores those factors that contribute to the decline in demand for repair services and, hence, the shrinking demand for employment within the repair trades. The purpose of this paper is to give the reader a greater understanding of those economic forces that contribute to a throwaway society.     

有效利用水资源促进经济可持续发展--初探中水利用及其效益

中水就是将城市污水进行处理后再经深度处理达到国家有关回用水标准的污水回用水、再生水、再生资源。文章从节水角度阐述了中水利用的前景;论述了中水利用的必要性和可行性;以多种利用方向说明了中水利用的巨大潜力和缓解水资源危机、保护水体、促进经济发展、维护生态平衡等作用,同时还介绍了国内外一些城市中水利用工程现状。最后就中水利用工程认识方面的一些问题谈了一些意见。     

基于噪声抵消技术的低功耗C频段差分低噪声放大器

设计了一款??基于噪声抵消技术的低功耗C频段的差分低噪声放大器。该放大器由输入级、放大级以及输出缓冲级3个模块构成,其中输入级采用电容交叉耦合的差分对与直接交叉耦合结构差分对级联,实现输入匹配及噪声抵消;放大级采用具有电阻-电感并联反馈的电流复用结构来获得高的增益、良好的增益平坦性及低的功耗;输出缓冲级采用源跟随器结构,实现良好的输出匹配。基于TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺库,验证表明在C频段,放大器的增益为20.4??0.5 dB,噪声系数介于2.3~2.4 dB之间,输入和输出的回波损耗均优于-11 dB,稳定因子恒大于1,在6.5 GHz下,1 dB压缩点为-16.6 dBm,IIP3为-7 dBm,在2.5 V电压下,电路功耗仅为6.75 mW。     

Management of sustainable fashion retail based on reuse– A struggle with multiple logics

ABSTRACT

In scholarly conversations, reuse is one of the common suggested strategies to render fashion retail sustainable. Previous research has stressed the complexity of fashion reuse and the importance of a well-organized system. The complexity stems from processes that involve many actors as well as products hard to evaluate. Consequently, it is challenging to organize reuse-based fashion retail, and studies are needed to further develop knowledge regarding how to manage such systems. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to highlight the complexity in the management of such an initiative, by identifying and explaining obstacles as well as implications. With institutional logics as a framework, three local logics (shopping mall, reuse, and work integration) are used to analyze the management of a reuse-based mall. Despite the mall’s success in getting sufficient donations and creating publicity, it has struggled to establish itself as viable reuse-based fashion retail. The findings illustrate the complexity created by the interplay of different logics and how the complexity influences both the daily and strategic management of the mall. Further, the outcome of this interplay depends largely on which rationality is enacted by involved actors. The study also extends literature on institutional logics, showing that differences in individual actors’ attention, knowledge, skills, coordination, and material conditions influence how logics are enacted and managed. We suggest that there are inherent managerial contradictions in the sustainable practices in fashion retail. Thus, in scholarly conversations, it is important to discuss what different divergent sustainability dimensions imply when seeking solutions for sustainable retail. In practice, there is a need to acknowledge and balance the presence of multiple logics, making it crucial to have competence in all logics. Also, managers of reuse-based fashion retail must consciously and continuously scrutinize their own strategies and actions to avoid an imbalance between the logics.     

Industry 4.0 and the circular economy: A literature review and recommendations for future research

Research regarding the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) and the circular economy has gained traction since 2014. Paralleling the growth in the internet of things (IoT), the circular economy poses both risks and opportunities to various stakeholders in its development. This literature review aims to identify Industry 4.0 stakeholders' interests and expectations regarding how the IoT can be part of circular economy management. Contributions include identifying various IoT tools for dealing with circular economy challenges while also addressing implementation best practices. The transition of the circular economy within Industry 4.0 requires a better understanding of government, suppliers, international organizational interests, and expectations regarding the IoT. This study enables future research on circular economy practices and their potential sustainability benefits for manufacturing firms. This study's findings allow practitioners and researchers to understand the literature and critical elements of the transition toward a more circular economy.     

高校国有资产管理信息系统

简述高校国有资产管理的现状 ,建立高校国有资产信息管理系统 ,探索盘活高校的国有资产和实施动态管理的方法     

基于 DEA 方法的企业绿色供应链运营效率评价研究

绿色供应链在传统供应链的基础上兼顾了经济与环境效益,是社会可持续发展的重要推动力。对绿色供应链运营效率进行评价有助于企业了解自身的不足,从而对企业绿色供应链管理做出反馈,促进企业绿色供应链运营的良好发展。本文通过文献梳理与总结,构建了企业绿色供应链运营效率评价的投入、产出指标,在此基础上,利用 DEA 方法并通过算例进行实证研究,以期为改善企业绿色供应链运营效率、促进企业更好地实施经济效益与环境效益“双赢”的绿色供应链管理模式提出更加有益的建议。     

Reusing process fragments for fast service composition: a clustering-based approach

With the proliferation of Web services over the Internet and due to the increasing complexity of users’ needs, Web service composition has emerged as a powerful method of software reuse, allowing to deliver complete business processes as a set of interacting services. To guarantee a rapid and secure service composition, fragments of available business processes at different granularities may be considered as a composition unit and recombined to deliver effective compositions. Despite the benefits of this method, most of the existing works do not take into consideration the reuse of service process fragments (SPF). Reusing SPFs allows, not only to minimize the composition time, but also to improve the reliability of the composition process. In this paper, we propose a Web service composition approach that aims to combine service process fragments rather that atomic services. We adopt a powerful mathematical model called Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) to define the relationships between services and fragments. Moreover, we exploit the regrouping capabilities of FCA by proposing algorithms for the extraction of candidate fragments’ combinations. A scoring function is also defined to determine the quality level of each SPF and its ability to participate in a composition. The experimental studies proved the effectiveness of our FCA-based approach compared to existing state-of-the-art solutions.     

废旧油管杆、抽油泵的修复与再利用

以长庆油田采油一厂招安作业区为例,论述了占整个作业区生产成本费用3%～5%油管杆、抽油泵,更换数量多、报废率高的原因,提出了如何提高旧废油管杆、抽油泵的利用率,降低油井生产成本的建议和方法,从而促进节约型和环境友好型企业建设可持续发展。