对“村财乡管”管理方式的思考

农村税费改革之后,很多地区对村级财务实行了“村财乡管”。本文通过分析认为,“村财乡管”是乡镇一级政府对村级集体财产的越权管理;这种管理方式在对村级集体财务管理产生某些积极效应的同时,也带来了很多不利的影响;村级财务管理的关键还在于加强村民民主理财制度建设,加大财务监督力度。     

“万村千乡”推广悖论及其解决方案

在农村消费市场存在差异的条件下，全国范围的以行政补贴和市场推广相结合的“万村千乡”推广方式将面临“推广悖论”，即工程的普遍服务职能与企业追求利润的目标之间的冲突，进而可能会造成财政补贴资金的浪费。应在不同区域采用不同的推广策略：发达地区农村，应以企业自主经营为主；具有一定消费市场潜力但企业开拓成本还比较高的地区，应行政补贴和市场推广相结合；尚不具备经营条件的农村地区，应加强基础设施建设，并提高农民收入水平，待时机成熟后再逐步推进。     

公共管理新视角:化解和防范村级不良债务

村级债务形成的根源在于传统的行政管理模式。目前村级不良债务化解已经进入攻坚阶段,村本级经济组织有所作为的空间有限,镇级及其以上级政府扮演着重要角色。如何借鉴和运用新公共管理思想来防范新的不良债务,成为完善乡村治理、建设社会主义新农村的重要步骤。     

LGBT Neighbourhoods and ‘New Mobilities’: Towards Understanding Transformations in Sexual and Gendered Urban Landscapes

In this article we apply insights from ‘new mobilities’ approaches to understand the shifting sexual and gendered landscapes of major cities in the global North. The empirical context is the purported ‘demise’ of traditional gay villages in Toronto, Canada and Sydney, Australia, and the emergence of ‘LGBT neighbourhoods’ elsewhere in the inner city. We reinterpret the historical geography of twentieth century LGBT lives and the associated ‘rise and fall’ of gay enclaves through the lens of the ‘politics of mobility’. In this reading, it is apparent that multifaceted movements — migration, physical and social mobility, and motility — underpin the formation of gay enclaves and recent transformations in sexual and gendered landscapes. After the second world war, LGBT communities in the global North were embedded in specific historical geographies of mobility and we trace these in the Canadian and Australian contexts. The ‘great gay migration’ from the 1960s to the 1980s has been joined by new LGBT constellations of mobility in the 2000s, and these have imprinted upon the sexual and gendered landscapes of Toronto and Sydney.     

Making the ‘Invisible’ Visible: Redevelopment‐induced Displacement of Migrants in Shenzhen,China

Gentrification in China is intertwined with urban redevelopment, which causes the large‐scale displacement of rural–urban migrants from ‘villages in the city’ (ViCs). Because of the informality of ViCs, migrant renters have very insecure tenancy and during redevelopment they are treated as a negligible (‘invisible’) social group. As they are very difficult to locate after displacement, they are also literally invisible to researchers. To make the invisible visible, this study traced a sample of displaced migrants from Huangbeiling village in Shenzhen. The focus was on the displacement process and on identifying the consequences for the displaced. We found various forms of displacement during the redevelopment process. Nearby ViCs were prioritized by displaced migrants to minimize as much utility loss as possible. However, they generally suffer from decreased proximity, increased living costs, and the loss of social networks and job opportunities. Remarkably, some choose to return to the gentrifying village, enduring displacement in situ caused by increasing rents, drastic physical neighbourhood changes and declining liveability, in exchange for retaining their original social and economic networks. Large‐scale urban redevelopment is causing the rapid shrinkage of informal housing. Recognizing and addressing the housing needs of this impoverished social group is a matter of urgency.     

Community-based rural residential land consolidation and allocation can help to revitalize hollowed villages in traditional agricultural areas of China: Evidence from Dancheng County,Henan Province

The accelerated rural hollowing driven by vast and increasing out-migration of rural labors under urban–rural dual-track system has imposed huge obstacles on improving land use efficiency and coordinating urban–rural development in China. Taking Dancheng County in Henan Province as an example, this paper analyzes the status quo of rural hollowing and discusses two typical rural residential land consolidation and allocation (RRLCA) practices in traditional agricultural areas (TAAs) of China. The results show that, Dancheng experienced rapid rural hollowing characterized as the hollowing of rural industries, infrastructure, and residential population and settlements. However, Dancheng has considerable potential and the necessity of RRLCA, for the model-based estimation shows that the potential of increasing farmland by carrying out RRLCA was about 5649 ha. The two community-based RRLCA practices show positive effects on the improvement of local living conditions, increment of farmland area and development of rural industries. Their experiences, including self-organized rural planning, democratic decision-making, and endogenous institutional innovation may benefit future RRLCA. Overall, it indicates that promoting community-based RRLCA scientifically according to local conditions could provide an integrated platform for increasing farmland area, developing modern agriculture, promoting new countryside construction, and thus revitalize hollowed villages. On considering the limitations and obstacles of current initiatives, suggestions for future RRLCA in rural China have been put forward.     

关于实现渔村振兴的路径探索

党在十八大明确提出海洋强国建设,又在十九大进一步提出了具有里程碑意义的乡村振兴战略,实施乡村振兴战略是建设社会主义现代化强国的必由之路。渔业作为农业的重要组成部分,实现渔业渔村的振兴必能极大地推动海洋强国和乡村振兴的总体进程。新时代,应积极推进美丽渔村建设,促进渔业高质量发展,实现渔村振兴,为乡村振兴做出积极的贡献。本文主要分析了实现渔村振兴中所存在的一些问题,并对实现渔村振兴的路径进行了相关的探索,提出相关建议。     

旅游开发与徽州古村落公共空间的互动影响研究

独特的地理历史环境孕育了徽州浓郁的文化氛围,但是随着旅游业的发展,也暴露出一系列的问题,其中很关键的一点是旅游开发对村落中原有的公共空间的影响以及村落公共空间的变化对旅游发展的反馈。这个互动过程中受影响最大的就是徽州的村民,如何做到徽州文化的完美呈现,又能尽量保障当地村民在公共空间活动的权益是社会普遍关心的话题。通过徽州公共空间的转移来研究民众生活与旅游发展的冲突,旨在探索中国文化乡村的旅游开发与新农村的公共空间建设的合理途径。     

城乡统筹背景下重庆市"城中村"改造的变革

“城中村”具有城乡二元结构特征,同时又具有其他农村所没有的区位和经济优势;在统筹城乡发展中,“城中村”是最有条件率先实现统筹的地区。重庆市作为全国统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区,在“城中村”改造中尚存在一些不利于统筹的问题,应树立新的改造指导思想,创新改造模式和改造方式以及征地补偿制度,促进“城中村”融入城市。     

内聚与开放:花生对英租时期威海乡村社会的影响

在英租威海卫时期,花生的推广使得威海乡村社会的封闭状态产生了变化.在花生的种植、管理、收获及销售过程中,销售这个环节加强了村庄对外界的依赖,体现出开放性,种植到收获各个环节中的生产联合则基本上局限于村庄内部,仍保持传统的内聚性.这种传统与现代的结合,体现出当时威海乡村社会的一种变化趋势.