聚氨酯塑胶跑道研究进展

介绍了传统聚氨酯塑胶跑道的危害及中国MDI型聚氨酯塑胶跑道的研究进展,给出了聚氨酯塑胶跑道的研究趋势,对铺设和使用聚氨酯塑胶跑道的问题提出了建议。     

Setting Efficient Incentives for Agricultural Research: Lessons from Principal-Agent Theory

A conceptual analysis of important issues in the organization and management of academic research is presented. Principal-agent theory is applied to derive optimal compensation schemes for scientists when they differ in ability, risk aversion, cost of effort, and reservation utility, and to show the optimal trade-off between institutional risk and scientists' abilities. Implications for an efficient organization of research are derived, including how scientists' incentives should be structured to elicit optimal research efforts and direction, whether research direction should be centralized or decentralized, and whether the organization of research should be through external competitive grants or program and institutional funding.     

Efficiency of research investments in the presence of international spillovers: wheat research in developing countries⋆

Expenditures on agricultural research in the public sector, including the International Agricultural Research Centers (IARCs) have stagnated and in some cases, declined sharply in recent years. This has focused attention on issues of efficiency of agricultural research systems, especially the number, size, scope, type, and locations of their programs. This paper examines the issue of research efficiency through a case study of wheat improvement research in developing countries. The basic premise of this study is that the optimal level of research investment should be determined in a global model that incorporates direct research spill‐ins. An analytical framework is developed to determine the threshold levels of crop production in a country (or a region within a country) needed to justify crop improvement research programs of different sizes in the presence of spill‐ins from abroad. Spill‐in coefficients are estimated from yield performance of varieties of different origins grown across a range of environments. The model is then applied to analyze the efficiency of current investments in 69 wheat improvement research programs in 35 developing countries. A major conclusion of the paper is that given the magnitude of potential spill‐ins from the international research system, many wheat research programs could significantly increase the efficiency of resource use by reducing the size of their wheat research programs and focusing on the screening of varieties developed elsewhere. ©2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.     

环境与自然资源经济学研究的新趋势

在总结欧美发达国家环境与自然资源经济学研究成果的基础上,系统地论述了本学科研究的新课题和发展趋势。不确定性问题研究及新理论工具的引入将是本学科理论创新的焦点：环境与资源价值评估主要集中于发展新的方法和检验假设;资源经济学研究,将把生态效益、环境效益、政策法规引入资源开发模型;经济增长与环境、资源的相互关系,将成为重要的研究课题;应用研究与交叉学科研究将成为本学科未来发展的主题。     

国内绿色发展研究前沿述评

随着经济社会的发展,人类的经济活动与自然生态环境承载力之间的矛盾愈演愈烈,人们也逐步意识到依靠原有的不断增加生产要素投入的粗放式经济发展模式已难以为继,绿色发展遂成为全球共识。发展绿色经济是当今世界和当代中国发展的重要实践。在这一背景下,近年来有关绿色经济以及有关绿色发展、绿色转型研究成为有关学科领域的研究热点。应用文献分析方法,总结了有关绿色经济概念的内涵与外延、绿色发展指标及测度、区域绿色发展研究等,最后结合国内外研究进展,提出并展望了我国未来相关研究的趋势。     

模仿创业研究综述与未来展望

模仿创业在中国独特的转型时期对经济增长具有一定推动作用,然而目前有关模仿创业的相关研究仍然较少,因而有必要对模仿创业相关研究进行系统梳理。该研究在梳理国内外相关文献基础上,试图明晰当前模仿创业的研究趋势,界定模仿创业概念内涵,提炼其特点及模仿方式,总结模仿创业的诱因及关键影响因素,揭示模仿创业产生的结果。最后将当前研究主题纳入一个综合研究框架,总结现有研究不足,并展望未来研究方向,以期为后续学者深入探究模仿创业提供启示。     

我国食品质量与安全现状及对策研究

食品安全是关系到民生的大事,我国政府对此十分重视,提出一系列保障措施,有效地控制食品安全质量问题,但想彻底解决仍困难重重。食品安全问题关系到国家的安全与稳定,如何提高我国食品质量安全,是有关部门需要解决问题。本论文主要从我国食品质量与安全现状分析、提高我国食品质量与安全水平的对策与建议进行阐述我国食品质量与安全现状及对策研究,希望为研究食品质量安全的专家与学者提供理论参考依据。     

Celebrity endorsements: a literature review and research agenda

This paper presents a narrative review of celebrity endorsement research. The review identifies six areas of research on celebrity endorsements (celebrity prevalence, campaign management, financial effects, celebrity persuasion, non-evaluative meaning transfer, and brand-to-celebrity transfer). A review of the research in each area identifies key findings, conflicting results, and research gaps. In addition, this paper reviews the celebrity endorsement literature with a focus on the psychological processes underlying celebrity endorsement effects that has been put forward in the literature. Based on the review an agenda for future research is offered.     

Theorising digital personhood: a dramaturgical approach

This paper reports on findings from a study which investigates our digital identities. Through examination of the process of constructing biographical films derived from users’ social media (SM) data, we progress understanding of the digital self. Building on dramaturgical understandings of performance of self, we challenge the dominant views which argue that SM users operating as their ‘authentic selves’ can be empowered by having the potential for contemporaneous multiple selves. Through the introduction of the concepts of SM leakage and multiple temporal selves, we note the challenge of living with these digital self-representations which are sustained over time. We propose strategies for dealing with temporal shifts, as well as dispensing with the notion of the separation of these selves.