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151.
    
In this study, the association between information and communication technology (ICT) intensity in firms and labour productivity is explored across 14 European countries for the years 2001–2010. ICT intensity is approximated by the proportion of broadband internet-enabled employees, a novel indicator measuring not only adoption but also diffusion within and among firms. Data have been retrieved by means of the distributed microdata approach (DMD) from registers on business, trade and education as well as from surveys on production, ICT usage and innovation activities in firms held at the national statistical offices. This pioneering approach allows access to otherwise confidential linked firm-level information in dimensions not earlier available. Pooled OLS estimations based on approximately 400,000 observations in harmonised and representative datasets show that in a majority of countries there is a significant and positive relationship between the proportion of broadband internet-enabled employees and labour productivity in firms. However, the strength of the relationship varies across countries and industries. Manufacturing firms receive 50% larger estimates than the services firms, while the latter instead experience the positive association more frequently.  相似文献   
152.
We have decomposed the peseta/dollar real exchange rate (1870–1998) into its trend and cyclical components and used the former to proxy its time-varying equilibrium. Then, we have compared changes in the equilibrium with changes in the Spanish and the USA productivity differentials to identify years that do not fit with the Harrod–Balassa–Samuelson (HBS) hypothesis. The greatest maladjustment is found in the 1940s and 1950s, decades of strong exchange rate intervention in Spain. Conversely, the link between equilibrium and differentials adjusts to the hypothesis when using the non-intervened peseta/dollar exchange rate on the Tangier black market. These contrasting results back up the idea that exchange rate intervention, so common in developing countries, might explain their scanter evidence in favour of the HBS effect.  相似文献   
153.
    
This paper estimates the within-plant and spillover productivity effects of foreigninvestment in Mexican manufacturing plants. It contributes to the existing literature by analyzing whether FDI of North American origin differs from FDI from the rest of the world. I also use quantile regression analysis to determine whether spillovers are equal for plants of different productivity levels. The results indicate positive and significant spillovers from the presence of foreign firms. However, these spillovers accrue only to plants at the upper end of the productivity distribution. Furthermore, North American based FDI appears to yield slightly larger spillovers relative to FDI from the rest of the world; however the difference is not statistically significant. A deeper look at this issue reveals that Canadian FDI yields large productivity spillovers relative to both US and rest of the world FDI. These differences are highly statistically significant.  相似文献   
154.
    
Global value chains (GVCs) promote the diffusion of knowledge and technology. This paper develops an empirical production model that combines spillovers and productivity growth heterogeneity at the industry-level. We exploit the GVCs linkages from inter-country input–output tables to describe the interdependencies of technology within the input–output space and combine that with the Asian-Pacific and US KLEMS database to estimate productivity growth. The spillover effects from capital deepening, intermediate deepening, and technical change are identified and decomposed into domestic and international effects. Our empirical results find that ignoring the industrial interactions leads to an overestimation of China's productivity growth, and underestimation for the US and Japan. The spillovers of capital and intermediate are found to be significantly positive. The spillovers of technical change received account for 32 to 40 percent of total productivity growth. These findings provide a better understanding of how technical changes are distributed and diffused within GVCs.  相似文献   
155.
Our aim is to investigate the relationship between a firm's R&D expenditures and its productivity, looking at sectoral peculiarities. We use a unique longitudinal database consisting of 1809 US and European manufacturing and service firms over the period 1990–2008. Our main findings can be summarised as follows. Consistently with previous literature, the knowledge stock has a significant positive impact on a firm's productivity. More interestingly, the coefficient turns out to be significantly larger in the R&D-user services and high-tech manufacturing sectors than in the non-high-tech manufacturing sectors. Contrary to the ‘latecomer advantage’ approach, these outcomes suggest that firms in high-tech sectors are still ahead in terms of impact on productivity of R&D investments.  相似文献   
156.
文章以无锡科技职业学院运筹学课程改革实践为例,从教学内容模块化、理论实践一体化、教考方法多样化三个方面阐述CBE理论在高职运筹学课程改革中的应用,强调高职运筹学应以能力培养为轴心,弱化理论推理,强化实践训练,切实提高运筹学的教学质量。  相似文献   
157.
西方产业组织学作为现代经济学的一个重要组成部分,有其稳定的分析框架和研究方法。本文从研究方法角度对其进行了梳理,分析了推理学派与实证学派各自研究方法的最新进展,研究表明:在推理学派中,其静态模型已普遍使用了推测变差方法,而其动态博弈模型已成为主流推导方法;在实证学派中,非参数检验、非线性回归以及实验经济学的广泛使用是其新特点。  相似文献   
158.
以区域物流业固定资产投资和物流业从业人数作为资本和劳动力投入变量,以区域物流业增加值作为产出变量,构建安徽省(2003—2010)17个城市物流业面板数据,运用DEA-Malmquist方法,对安徽省区域物流业全要素生产率的增长来源、区域差异和变化差异进行实证研究。结果表明:安徽省物流业全要素生产率年平均增长率保持在20.6%的较高水平;皖江城市带TFP增长率较高,且其纯技术效率指数和规模效率指数普遍高于其他区域;与我国其他省市及中国整体物流业发展状况相似,安徽省各市物流业普遍存在规模无效率。最后,在此基础上提出安徽省区域物流业发展建议。  相似文献   
159.
加强普通物理学的教学研究 ,不断提升教师的认识和学识是至关重要的。在教学中应注意基本概念和规律 ,研究数学与物理的关联 ,重视实验教学 ,培养学生观察能力、思维能力和动手能力。  相似文献   
160.
本文在主要介绍了高职院校校企业合作的现状,阐述了电子信息类专业校企合作切入点问题,提出了一种应用技术研发平台的电子专业校企合作模式,通过此模式开展了一系列探索和实践,并取得了良好效果.文中重点分析了建立应用技术研发平台效果,从中得出初步结论.  相似文献   
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