影响劳动生产率变化的因素

对劳动生产率这个概念进行了界定,在此基础上,对影响劳动生产率的因素进行了归纳概括,按照企业自主决策的影响程度,将影响劳动生产率的因素抽象为内部控制理论和外部约束(主要是基础设施)理论两大类,并对其中的具体理论作了简单的评价.文章强调,若想在现有基础上产生有价值的研究,就必须强调对影响机制的分析和经验的验证.改进的重点之一就是利用证据判断基础设施的作用是否存在"零和迁移效应".     

我国农药制造业生产率增长的实证分析——基于DEA的Malmquist指数法

为探寻提高我国农药制造业生产效率的途径,运用DEA的Malmquist指数方法,从整体趋势和各省区角度定量考察了我国农药制造业增长过程中全要素生产率的增长状况,结果表明:从全国的平均时间序列数据来看,我国农药制造业全要素生产率是在波动中增长,全要素生产率的增长主要是技术进步的贡献,而制约技术效率改善的主要原因是规模效率的下降.所研究的全国二十八个地区,生产率基本上都得到了不同程度的增长,只有云南地区有所下降.就全国而言,农药增长的主要推动力量来自于农药生产率的提高.从动态演变来看,农药全要素生产率增长在农药增长中的作用日渐增强.     

Were In-Process Research and Development Charges Too Aggressive?

Abstract:  Prior research documents that US firms write off large in-process research and development charges (IPRD) for acquisitions, possibly overstating the current period expense to inflate future earnings. Consequently, in 1998, the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) began scrutinizing IPRD charges. We use pre-acquisition R&D expenses of 144 target firms as a benchmark for assessing whether IPRD charges are appropriate. Overall, the results suggest that most firms during our sample period were not overly aggressive in expensing IPRD–especially for acquisitions subsequent to the SEC's scrutiny. The results also indicate that the SEC's intervention reduced the frequency of overstated IPRD charges.     

物流在制造业中的嵌入性研究

随着经济的发展物流业在现代经济中扮演着愈来愈重要的角色。针对物流企业在制造企业中的结构性嵌入和关系性嵌入表征展开分析,基于宏观与微观视角提出了物流在制造业中的嵌入理论框架,以厘清物流在制造业中的嵌入机制的形成机理,为进一步激活物流与制造业的产业联动发展提供有益思路。     

科研开发与经济增长——兼论科研开发的溢出效应

经济划分为科研部门和非科研部门，科研开发对经济增长的作用及科研对非科研部门具有外溢效应。1999-2003年30个省市自治区的面板数据表明，科研开发对经济增长具有较大的拉动作用，同时科研开发部门对其他部门的外溢作用明显为正。     

科研院所科研经费全过程管理模式研究

科研经费是支撑科研活动的重要物质保障,随着科技事业的不断发展,科研经费规模也持续扩大,但由于科研院所的经费管理方式与快速增长的科研经费不完全适应,使得科研经费使用中存在的问题逐渐显现出来。针对经费管理的预算、使用和结算等环节存在的问题,提出以制度为管理底线,以考核为规范上限,各部门人员沟通协助的全过程经费管理模式,以期为强化科研经费管理、规范经费使用提供借鉴。     

人才政策可以促进企业全要素生产率增长吗*——基于地方政府人才治理视角的研究

本文使用2001—2016年我国国家法律法规数据库中针对人才出台的地方性法规及部门规章对人才政策予以定量识别,并与上市企业数据进行匹配,实证检验了地方人才政策对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现,人才政策能够显著促进企业全要素生产率增长。具体而言,人才政策出台数量平均每增加1条,能够促进企业全要素生产率增长约0005。机制检验证明,人才政策通过提高企业技术创新水平和纠正人力资本在企业间的错配两条路径促进企业全要素生产率增长。此外,企业及行业异质性研究发现,人才政策对非国有企业及高技术产业全要素生产率的影响大于国有企业及非高技术产业。以上发现对于当前地方政府人才治理体系建设具有较大意义,对如何完善政府人才政策促进中国经济高质量发展也具有一定启示。     

中国省级区域经济增长及差距的经验研究

在考虑人力资本要素的基础上,将中固30个省份1990-2005年的经济增长分解为效率变化、技术进步和资本积累,分别考察了三者对经济增长的贡献,然后使用绝对收敛方程分析了它们的收敛效应.结果显示,1990-2005年中国30个省份的技术效率为0.8;经济增长的77%是由要素投入增加推动的,TFP对经济增长的贡献在23%左右;技术进步是推动TFP增长的重要因素,也是地区问经济差距扩大的主要原因.缩小地区之间经济增长的差距不仅需要要素积累,还需要增强落后区域的技术进步能力.     

Farmer organizations and maize productivity in rural Burkina Faso: The effects of the diversion strategy on cotton input loans

This study analyzes the impact of the diversion strategy of cotton inputs on maize productivity among farmer organization (FO) members in Burkina Faso, based on an endogenous treatment effect model. This impact is assessed by measuring the effects of the producers’ strategy of using part of their cotton inputs for growing other crops, such as maize. The data from a 2014 multisectoral survey in Burkina Faso were used. The main result is that maize productivity is 59.11% lower for FO members who divert their cotton inputs. We suggest the development of financing systems for cereals, similar to those in the cotton sector, and the establishment of monitoring the use of input credits.     

Developing and applying a framework to evaluate participatory research for sustainability

The normative implications of participatory research imply ongoing social learning that ought to lead to personal and institutional transformation. Sustainability science also requires reflexive scientific practice in order to enable the co-generation of solutions that take account of uncertainty and multiple forms of knowledge. However, there is little published peer-reviewed material on how to assess to what degree the rhetoric regarding the benefits of participatory research are achieved in practice, particularly with regard to participatory research for sustainability. This paper outlines how linking the rationales for participatory research and for sustainability science to the principles of evaluation can deliver a conceptually coherent evaluation framework for assessment. The approach for evaluating participatory research in this context consists of framing the evaluation, i.e., setting boundaries on the subject within its social, political, environmental and institutional context and selecting appropriate criteria, methods and data sources. The application of the framework, using a summative evaluation of participatory research for sustainability in north-east Australia, illustrates its strengths and weaknesses, concluding with a consideration of its applicability to further participatory sustainability science.