产业集聚对中国企业全要素生产率的影响——基于广东省制造业的实证研究

根据广东省制造业的相关数据,运用空间集聚指数法和Malmquist生产率指数法测算出该省产业集聚指标和全要素生产率增长率. 通过对计量模型的回归分析,得出广东省制造业产业集聚对行业全要素生产率具有比较明显的促进作用,因此,各地区和相关企业应该重视产业集聚对生产率的提高作用,利用产业集聚的外部经济来促进区域经济和企业自身的发展.     

煤矿岩巷中深孔爆破技术的研究与应用

为了提高煤矿岩巷掘进工作面爆破作业工效,采用了中深孔钻眼爆破技术,结果表明：按选定的炮眼布置方式和装药结构及参数,循环进尺明显提高了,材料消耗降低了,结论：中深孔爆破技术适合在煤矿岩巷炮掘工作面推广应用。     

Atypical work: a threat to labour productivity growth? Some evidence from Italy

Various theories suggest the existence of a negative relationship between the use of atypical employment contracts and productivity growth, arguing that firms’ utilisation of atypical contracts may reduce the incentive to innovate and internal training, inducing firms to follow a ‘low-road’ to competitiveness, based upon cost-cutting strategies.

This paper aims to provide new evidence on the occurrence of these effects in the Italian economy, where changes in labour legislation from the mid-Nineties onwards, associated with an ‘institutional’ wage moderation period, have brought about a significant process of job creation, but also an appreciable slowdown in labour productivity.

This issue is investigated using a microeconomic approach, taking a rich source of microdata for firms and estimating a dynamic model for labour productivity on a pseudo-panel of firms for the period 2003-2008.

The results support the hypothesis of a negative impact of external labour flexibility on labour productivity growth at firm level, such effect proving stronger for small and medium than for large enterprises and of varying magnitude for the different atypical contracts.     

2014年法国科研经费注重扶持战略性产业

法国经济目前仍然处在停滞不前的阶段,失业率高企、家庭购买力下降。法国2014年预算法案已讨论通过,主要在增收减支的基础上力求缩减赤字,促进经济增长,扩大就业。2014年,法国科研经费保证基础研究与应用研究均衡发展,重点扶持国家战略性产业发展,其涉及的领域包括:生态与能源转换、工业振兴、数字化经济、大学研究、卫生、航空与航天、青年-培训与国家现代化及国际工业新技术等。对2014年法国科研计划体系建设、经费管理、立项管理、申报程序及项目管理等进行了介绍,该计划优先支持基础研究,推动基础研究与技术研究均衡发展,支持国家战略性产业抢占制高点。     

经验收入曲线:生产力还是制度作用?——高校教师收入的经验分析

经验收入曲线向上倾斜的原因是人力资本理论中教育、培训带来的较高生产力还是其他制度因素?由于个人产出品衡量上的困难,文章选择学术劳动力市场作为研究对象,利用M incer(1979)的经验收入方程对中国某一高校教师收入进行经验分析,结果验证了人力资本理论的同时并不排除制度因素的作用,在其他条件不变的情况下,经验对收入大于产出对收入的影响;教师职称对收入有较大的影响。     

Developing and applying a framework to evaluate participatory research for sustainability

The normative implications of participatory research imply ongoing social learning that ought to lead to personal and institutional transformation. Sustainability science also requires reflexive scientific practice in order to enable the co-generation of solutions that take account of uncertainty and multiple forms of knowledge. However, there is little published peer-reviewed material on how to assess to what degree the rhetoric regarding the benefits of participatory research are achieved in practice, particularly with regard to participatory research for sustainability. This paper outlines how linking the rationales for participatory research and for sustainability science to the principles of evaluation can deliver a conceptually coherent evaluation framework for assessment. The approach for evaluating participatory research in this context consists of framing the evaluation, i.e., setting boundaries on the subject within its social, political, environmental and institutional context and selecting appropriate criteria, methods and data sources. The application of the framework, using a summative evaluation of participatory research for sustainability in north-east Australia, illustrates its strengths and weaknesses, concluding with a consideration of its applicability to further participatory sustainability science.     

本科生的科研实践能力培养的一些尝试

社会发展对本科毕业生提出了比以往更高的要求,毕业生不仅仅是从课堂获得一些专业知识,社会对学生提出的“零适应期”,要求学生在离开学校前,应该具备一定的科研工作能力。从加强专业课程的实践环节、开放实验室平台的建设、导师制、学生参与教师的科研教学团队活动以及开展科技论文竞赛活动等多方位教学环节出发,对提高学生的科研能力培养进行了一些探索与思考。     

产业结构软化及其对世界经济发展的影响

产业结构的状态总是随着经济发展的变化而处于不断变动之中。20世纪中期以来，以信息技术革命为核心的新技术革命的兴起加速了世界产业结构的全方位变革，出现了产业结构软化的趋势。产业结构软化趋势主要表现为产业结构服务化、高技术化、融合化和国际化，它是世界经济发展的必然结果，同时又对世界经济发展产生了重要的影响。     

延安市发展循环经济研究

本文通过对延安市循环经济的基本情况深入调查了解,从工业、农业、服务业等方面分析了延安市循环经济发展的现状,并在此基础上,以资源的高效利用和循环利用为核心,对延安市发展循环经济进行了积极的探索研究,并提出了对策,对延安市发展循环经济有一定的现实意义。     

Innovative productivity and returns to scale in the pharmaceutical industry

This study shows that firms in the pharmaceutical industry experience decreasing returns to scale in R & D as the level of R & D expenditures rises. The paper presents the results of our study of the innovative output of 16 pharmaceutical firms over a 19 year period. Given the strong correlation between R & D budgets and firm size, our study suggests the wave of mergers in the industry may yield less innovative productivity than managers expect.