基于层次分析法的居民阶梯电价实施效果评价

2012年7月1日,全国各省市陆续推出阶梯电价实施方案,在更多的人考虑如何科学制定阶梯电价模型的同时,逐渐衍生出来的居民阶梯电价实施效果问题也绝对不容忽视。为此,从阶梯电价实施效果评价指标体系出发,采用层次分析法将与决策有关的元素分解成目标、准则、子准则、方案等层次,综合评价居民阶梯电价方案实施效果,通过比较得到最优方案。     

提升居民消费水平的营销对策研究——来自河南省安阳市的调查

扩大消费需求已成为我国优化经济增长模式、改善民生以及构建和谐社会的紧要任务。面对当前居民消费结构的不断升级,企业的营销决策应如何调整?以河南安阳为例,通过辩证、系统地研究当地居民消费特征和扩大居民消费的障碍因素,从而为企业的营销决策提供科学依据。     

Resident perceptions of social–ecological resilience and the sustainability of community-based tourism development in the Commonwealth of Dominica

Despite major investments in community-based tourism to diversify economies, reduce poverty and improve life quality in the Caribbean, little is known about what conditions lead to resilience and sustainability. Sustainability from a resilience theory perspective is the likelihood an existing system of resource use will persist indefinitely without a decline in social and natural resource bases. Undertaking activities to enhance resilience and sustainability improves a system's ability to persevere, adapt and learn to meet challenges from unanticipated economic, political or natural events. This study investigated six communities in the Commonwealth of Dominica, all part of a seven-year community tourism program, and examined residents' perceptions of the social, institutional, economic and ecological resilience of their community, and therefore the resilience and sustainability of community tourism development. It used a new scale using eight steps suggested by Devellis' scale development methodology. Data indicated moderate to low resilience in all four domains across the communities. This suggests that communities should invest in strengthening social bonds, developing capacity in local institutions, in diversifying the tourism product and controlling infrastructure development. Indicators measuring trust, networks, local control, flexible governance, leakage prevention and controlled infrastructure development emerged as important in assessing social–ecological resilience and sustainability.     

Understanding resident subjectivities toward tourism using Q method: Orchid Island,Taiwan

The pursuit of sustainable destination tourism should begin with an understanding of resident subjectivities. Residents are concerned with good governance and cultural integrity, and they are aware of their role as stakeholders in tourism in their communities. In this study, residents of Orchid Island, Taiwan, were interviewed using Q method in order to evaluate their subjectivities toward tourism. Forty-two statements regarding a theoretically and historically defined discourse of tourism were sorted by 34 respondents. This forced-choice method revealed four types of subjectivities, which are distinguished as Culture Broker, Cultural Conservative, Cultural Purist and Pragmatic Governance. The results show how the respondents perceived tourism in their destination. They agreed upon certain core issues regarding destination tourism, while contesting other issues. Respondents held strong views concerning how government policy affects their community and how tourism and culture shape each other. It is concluded that many issues in tourism research are highly relevant to residents of small tourism destination communities. This implies that tourism research should focus on understanding and coordinating resident subjectivities so as to inform government planning and decision-making, especially in indigenous communities or small islands.     

Mobile technology & resident attitude research

This research note highlights the novelty of integrating location-based services (LBS) available on Smart Phones and Tablets into traditional resident attitude survey methodologies such as door-to-door data collection. It specifically reviews how the LBS technology available on mobile devices can be used to systematically capture GPS coordinates of one's residence and integrate this captured spatial information into software such as ArcGIS and SPSS for further analysis. By having GPS coordinates associated with respondents' answers, researchers have an additional layer of information available for conducting a multitude of tests previously not possible with subjective categorical spatial data. Two research applications using the spatial location of residences are provided as examples of how LBS available on mobile devices can be integrated within resident attitude projects. The use of LBS technology can help researchers better understand how the distance residents live from major tourist attractions influences their attitudes towards tourism.     

居民个人理财工具持有状况分析及理财规划——以镇江为例

随着中国市场经济体制的确立和发展,特别是金融业的发展,居民个人理财工具越来越多,且仍呈发展趋势。本文对理财工具进行了对比,重点将各理财工具的优缺点进行比较分析,并就镇江市居民理财工具持有现状通过调查问卷进行调查研究,最终,对单薪家庭、老年人、中年人和营业主、未婚青年等提出理财规划建议。     

财税政策、城乡收入差距与中国居民消费的非线性效应研究

为了验证财税政策对居民消费存在的非线性效应, 文章系统考察了因城乡收入差距的第三方外部因素存在差异时, 财税政策对居民消费影响效应的变化情况. 面板门槛计量模型研究发现, 以城乡收入差距门槛值作为外生变量构建的分段函数中, 税收负担和财政支出规模促进居民消费的城乡收入差距绝对数最优区间分别为4015元-7016元和7912元-10323元; 税制结构和财政支出结构促进的城乡收入差距相对数最优区间分别为0.126-0.171和0.127-0.172. 因此, 应当辩证看待政府财税政策对居民消费的影响作用, 促进我国居民消费的关键点在于财税政策的合理制定与实施.     

流动人口不同归属情景下中国各地区人口老龄化形势

利用国家统计局提供的2000年人口普查0.95‰抽样原始数据,分析了人口流动对于中国不同地区人口老龄化形势的影响,按照“流动人口”的不同归属对于老龄化形势的影响效果,将全国分为三类地区:包括上海、北京、广东等大城市在内的“流动人口”减轻其老龄化压力的地区;江西、安徽、四川、湖南等“流动人口”加剧老龄化压力的地区;河北、内蒙古等“流动人口”对人口老龄化形势影响不明显的地区。     

基于农村居民最低养老水平的财政支付能力研究

基于农村居民现实最低养老需求,对我国财政的养老补贴支付能力进行测算分析。以修正恩格尔系数为基础测度了农村居民最低养老保险水平,并依据农村恩格尔系数及物价指数的历史变动趋势,预测了2010-2020年农村最低养老动态水平;利用财政收入规模的自回归模型预测了2010-2020年的财政收入规模,结合普惠型养老金总额应为财政收入的5%国际经验,对基本养老金以及最低养老需求占财政收入的比重进行了测算和评价。目前的基本养老金在短期内对改善农村老年人生活有重要作用,但长期来看还需要不断增加,应优化财政支出结构。     

新农村建设投资支出对扩大农村消费需求贡献的区域差异分析——基于东、中、西部面板数据的实证分析

本文利用1990-2008年全国31个省区的面板数据,实证分析了我国东、中、西部新农村建设投资支出对刺激农村消费需求的贡献。研究结果表明,东、中、西部地区的新农村建设投资支出均是消费需求的长期原因;除中部地区外,东、西部地区的两者短期关系也成立。新农村建设投资支出对农村居民消费的贡献率存在较明显的地区性差异,西部地区由投资支出所产生的效应最大,中部地区最小。