From a System of National Accounts to a Process of National Wellbeing Accounting

There are repeated calls to go ‘Beyond GDP’, for measures of wellbeing and progress in addition to those that the System of National Accounts (SNA) is designed to provide. We identify key issues that can help build on the rigour of SNA whilst fitting the measurement of economic performance within a broader assessment of national wellbeing and progress. Such drivers are already leading to a proliferation of indicators and accounts, for example in the development of non‐monetary measures of natural resources, but there are significant measurement challenges, not least the question of whether a single, overall measure or index of wellbeing is valid. But the challenge of measurement, per se, is one thing: in our view, a more critical issue is whether the measures will actually be used. We propose a dynamic and multi‐staged approach for developing SNA, embracing the production and use of measures. This would start by identifying user requirements for wider measures, to provide the basis for national and cross‐national developments in well‐being accounting. We envisage greater branding and marketing of national well‐being concepts to promote measures and support their use. We call for outreach by producers, so that there is dialogue about the development and use of measures.     

CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS AND THE DIVIDING LINE BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND THE MARKET: AN EXAMINATION OF NHS FOUNDATION TRUST CLASSIFICATION IN THE UK

ABSTRACT: In this paper we argue that national accounting categories provide an inadequate basis for evaluating differences between public and private sector services. This is because accounting categories rely on economic concepts such as market price but do not take account of substantive public policy goals such as universality. The argument has important consequences for the structures and systems of delivery especially where nonprofit providers and social enterprise models are substituted for public bodies formerly integrated into the government's delivery system. Using an example taken from the UK's National Health Service, we show that the mechanisms for ensuring universality through redistribution are not sufficiently taken into account for classification purposes.     

一种新的卫星通信信号快速盲检测方法

提出了一种卫星通信信号快速盲检测算法,该算法能够适应频谱不重叠的多信号环 境,并能准确估计信号的数量、中心频率及带宽等参数。算法既高效又简单,所需数据量少 且适应低信噪比条件,适于在星载设备上实现。理论分析和仿真及测试结果证明了算法的有 效 性。     

做实基本养老保险个人账户的若干理论问题

做实基本养老保险个人账户,就是要实现个人缴费的完全积累,真正落实社会统筹与个人账户相结合的部分积累制度,它是中央政府的重要决策,具有重要意义。但在什么是做实基本养老保险个人账户、为什么要做实基本养老保险个人账户、如何做实基本养老保险个人账户等方面还存在一些认识上的误区,需要从理论上加以澄清。     

再生式通信卫星转发器的研究进展

随着星上高速数据处理与交换的需求不断增加,再生式通信卫星转发器逐渐成为研究 热点。概述了几种典型的再生式转发器国内外最新研究进展,指出了其信息处理、交换技术 发 展中存在的主要问题,包括多载波解调、吞吐量较低以及微波/光调制等,在此基础上提出 了合适的补偿技术、星上半透明突发交换、光副载波调制以及波分复用等针对性的解决方法 ,可为我国卫星转发器设计以及星上信息处理、交换等关键技术研究提供参考。     

直升机卫星通信系统信道模拟与通信实现

针对直升机卫星通信系统中直升机旋翼对通信信道造成的周期性衰落问题,采用射频收发器AD9361模拟了信道周期性衰落模型,基于此模型在现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)上优化并实现了缝隙检测算法。根据信道衰落模型和缝隙检测算法及数据链路速率和带宽的要求,提出了一套直升机卫星通信系统可靠通信方案,即前向链路采用重发和分集接收及短码LDPC编码技术,返向链路根据前向链路缝隙检测的结果在无遮挡缝隙采用突发通信和长码低密度奇偶校验(Low Density Parity Check,LDPC)编码技术,实现可靠通信。系统测试结果表明,该方案不受直升机机型限制,系统可在40%遮挡率下实现前向链路25.6 kb/s和返向链路4 Mb/s速率下的可靠通信。     

双星时差频差无源定位系统定位算法工程指标分析

通过计算时差、频差测量精度,以及卫星运动引起的时差、频差变化率,提出双星时差频 差无源定位系统的信号最佳采样时间为10～100 ms。进一步推导了工程可实现的定位精 度,仿真结果表明双星系统工程可实现的定位精度约为1～3 km。研究和结论对双 星定位系统定位精度指标的论证与分解具有借鉴意义。     

PCMA自适应自干扰对消算法与仿真

讨论了成对载波多址（PCMA）自适应自干扰对消原理,分析了参数估计误差对自干扰 对消的影响。在频偏误差的影响下对消误差为非平稳过程,传统自适应对消滤波器无法收敛 。为了克服频偏误差的影响,提出了一种自适应可变遗忘因子（VFF） RLS算法,同时,给 出了具有高精度低运算量的模糊函数参数估计算法。仿真证明了VFF-RLS对消算法具有良好 的对消性能和稳健性,且需要的额外功率较低,能满足PCMA系统要求。