地方政治权力转移与企业社会资本投资周期--基于政企关系重构的动态研究

文章以2007－2012年我国A 股上市公司为样本,从政企关系重构的视角研究了地方政治权力转移对企业社会资本投资的影响。研究发现：(1)在地方政治权力转移当年,企业会显著提高社会资本投资力度。随着主政官员任期的增加,企业社会资本投资呈现下降趋势。这说明在主政官员任期内,企业社会资本投资呈现先增后减的周期性特点。这种周期性特点仅在民营企业中存在。(2)民营企业社会资本投资的周期性特点在地方官员来自外地、继任官员预期任期较长、管制行业以及融资约束程度高和无政治关联的企业样本中更加显著。(3)在地方政治权力转移当年,民营企业提高社会资本投资力度能够帮助其获得政府补助,但这种优势并不会立刻体现出来;同时,企业提高社会资本投资力度也会对自身的研发投入产生挤出效应,且挤出效应持续存在于继任官员的整个任期中。文章的研究为理解企业建立政企关系的手段、过程与效果提供了新的视角。     

Non‐linear geographics and the economics of transition and democratization1

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of geography on the transition process in authoritarian political regimes, and to investigate the nature of the links between political change, economic reforms and geographical location. A simple model of transition and democratization is presented wherein we show that the effectiveness of repression by the incumbent elite is a negative function of the distance to the ‘free world’. In consequence, geography has conflicting effects on shifts in political power. This article provides a rationale for the counterintuitive fact that the first authoritarian country to start a transition process towards democratization is not necessarily the one nearest to the free world.     

Spillovers between Bitcoin and other assets during bear and bull markets

This article contributes to the embryonic literature on the relations between Bitcoin and conventional investments by studying return and volatility spillovers between this largest cryptocurrency and four asset classes (equities, stocks, commodities, currencies and bonds) in bear and bull market conditions. We conducted empirical analyses based on a smooth transition VAR GARCH-in-mean model covering daily data from 19 July 2010 to 31 October 2017. We found significant evidence that Bitcoin returns are related quite closely to those of most of the other assets studies, particularly commodities, and therefore, the Bitcoin market is not isolated completely. The significance and sign of the spillovers exhibited some differences in the two market conditions and in the direction of the spillovers, with greater evidence that Bitcoin receives more volatility than it transmits. Our findings have implications for investors and fund managers who are considering Bitcoin as part of their investment strategies and for policymakers concerned about the vulnerability that Bitcoin represents to the stability of the global financial system.     

Did support for economic and political reforms increase during the post‐communist transition,and if so,why?

We study the dynamics of individual support for changes in the economic and political system, using a unique dataset for 12 transition economies over the period 1991–2004. We document that support for transition was initially lower in the CIS countries and that there has been a converging trend in the support for reforms between the CIS and the Baltic and Central and Eastern European countries. We suggest several explanations for the initial divergence and the post‐98 convergence in support for transition between these three groups of countries, and show that economic growth, declining income inequality and improving quality of governance have contributed to increase the support for transition. In addition, we find that increased support for the market economy and democracy in the CIS is accompanied by a larger increase in trust towards the political institutions. Our results also confirm the implications of Aghion et al. ( 2010 )'s model of a negative correlation between trust and the demand for government regulation.     

中国各地区就业质量测算与评价

基于公开出版的官方的统计年鉴数据,本文构建了一个包括了6个维度指标、20个二级指标和50个三级指标的就业质量评价指标体系,使用主成分分析法对中国大陆30个省份的就业质量状况进行了测算。结果表明,在2007年、2008年这两个年份,除少数经济发达省份外,全国就业质量的总体水平不高,大部分省份的就业质量指数较低;地区间就业质量差异明显,发展不协调;随着经济发展,地区间就业质量差异逐步缩小。由于就业环境改善是提高就业质量的基础,所以实现经济发展向高就业、高报酬、高消费型发展方式的转变,加快中西部地区经济发展,逐步缩小地区间经济发展水平的差异,是缩小就业质量差异的根本途径。同时,还应加强人力资本投资;切实保障劳动者权益,促进三方协商机制的实施;必须通过完善相关制度建立地区间、城乡间高效一体的劳动力市场,这是实现平等就业,促进和谐发展的必然选择。     

Employer-provided training,innovation and skills in post-Soviet countries

This paper analyzes the extent of employer-provided training in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Ukraine and investigates its relationship with innovation, having international business contacts, use of computers at work, reported skills shortages and other firm characteristics. It contributes to the literature by examining different types of training – initial on-the-job learning, more formal in-house training and external training, which is provided by firms to two categories of workers – white- and blue-collar workers. After controlling for a range of firm characteristics, we find a positive link between technological innovation and intensity of training of all types provided to white-collar workers that points to the technology-skills complementarity. Furthermore, the level of computer use at work is a significant determinant of the incidence and intensity of external training provided to white-collar and blue-collar workers.     

ASEAN's New Frontiers: Integrating the Newest Members into the ASEAN Economic Community

Since Vietnam, Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), Myanmar, and Cambodia joined the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in the 1990s, concerns have been raised over a Development Divide. The real division is between ASEAN members participating in the integrated East Asian economy and those that do not. The older ASEAN members have become more efficient traders, and Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam must reform faster if they are to catch up. Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar are not meeting the challenge, but Vietnam may be leaving the laggards, and the Philippines is lagging the leaders. The challenge is how to avoid a two‐tier ASEAN with fast‐growing modern economies coexisting besides inward‐looking poor countries.     

后过渡期我国服务贸易国际竞争力问题研究

目前世界经济与贸易出现了向服务业和服务贸易倾斜的发展趋势,高度发达的服务业是一国经济社会现代化的重要标志.随着加入WTO后过渡期的即将结束,我国的服务贸易将何去何从?本文从我国服务贸易的发展现状入手,运用三个指标系统分析了我国服务贸易国际竞争力状况,并提出了适合我国服务贸易发展的对策和建议.     

可持续性转型治理的重建和解构

本文以转型管理为重点,回顾了对可持续性转型的一些批判和质疑。虽然这些质疑促进了理论进展,但潜在的认识论问题依然存在。本文阐述了对转型管理及其隐含复杂性范式的一些批判是如何建立在对复杂性的解构主义认识上,这对复杂系统在何种程度上可以被影响朝所期望的方向发展提出了质疑。对转型管理的批判需要认识如下几点：（1）转型管理需要解构力（迄今未充分说明）;（2）同时具有“超越”解构主义的明确追求。为此,本文提出了一种“重构方法”作为转型研究的认识论基础,这种重建方法分为三个方面：（1）超越 “是”和“应该是”,倾向于“可以是”;（2）诠释性和自反性研究;以及（3）可持续性的“实践智慧”。     

Demographic Transition and Fertility Rebound in Economic Development*

Recent evidence on the “fertility rebound” offers credence to the idea that, from the onset of early industrialization to the present day, the dynamics of fertility can be represented by an N-shaped curve. An overlapping generations model with parental investment in human capital can account for these observed movements in fertility rates during the different stages of demographic change. A demographic transition with declining fertility emerges at the intermediate stage, when parents engage on a child quantity–quality trade-off. At later stages, however, the process of economic growth generates sufficient resources so that households can rear more children while still providing the desirable amount of education investment per child.