重庆主城区货车限行总体方案研究

文中对重庆主城区货车运输进行分析,评价了原有货车限行方案,基于均衡交通流,空间上均衡,时间上错峰填谷,减少客货干扰,提高行车安全的原则,从限行时段、限行车种、限行区域三个方面,提出适合主城货运限行新方案。     

Vissim在城市交叉口信号配时方案优化中的应用——以“粤海门村”交叉口为例

城市交叉口车辆之间干扰频繁,加上信号配时不合理,使得车辆的延误时间过长,交叉口的通行量不高.以粤海门村交叉口为例,在交通流量数据调查的基础上,通过“等效交通量”方法优化信号配时方案,运用Vissim建立微观仿真模型,并对优化前后的配时方案进行仿真评价.仿真结果表明：优化方案使得交叉口人均延误时间下降了16.6％,停车时间下降了19.3％,平均排队下降了10.6％,通行量增加了2.4％.     

秦皇岛市建设低碳节能环保型交通环境的研究

本文立足于秦皇岛社会经济发展和资源环境现状,对经济时代秦皇岛建设低碳城市进行了全方位、多层次、宽领域的理论探索和实证剖析,特别是关于构建低碳节能环保型交通设施观点,具有一定的理论启发和现实应用价值。     

车道被占用对城市道路通行能力的影响分析

针对车道被占用对城市道路通行能力的影响问题,本文对题中所给的附件与数据进行统计分析,分别建立了车道被占用状态下的通行能力模型和格林希尔治模型,得到了道路实际通行能力的变化趋势和差异、,车辆排队长度与其他变量的关系以及信号灯对车辆排队的影响。最后,本文还提出了车道被占用的解决方案.     

基于引力模型和地缘经济视角下城市经济发展空间动态分析

随着城市经济区域化发展日益显著,城市群发展模式已经成为地区经济发展的重要途径。"增长极"城市以及"点—轴"之间形成的城市群"网络"开发模式是中部地区城市发展最为突出的特点,也是城市化发展的热点。借助引力模型,分析比较"萍乡市—湖南省长株潭城市群"和"萍乡市—江西省内部分城市"的经济联系量;在此基础上引入地缘经济学,进一步地研究它们之间经济竞争、合作关系。     

The effects of traffic light labels and involvement on consumer choices for food and financial products

Traffic light (TL) labels that inform consumers regarding product safety have received increasing attention in different fields. Behind the background of behavioural economics, this paper presents the results of a split‐sample choice experiment conducted in Germany to evaluate the impact of TL labelling on purchases of food and financial products. We hypothesize that consumers experience different levels of involvement with these two types of products, leading to different recommendations regarding the use of TLs. The results show that TLs affect consumer purchases of both product groups by focusing their attention on specific product attributes. For food, whereas the low‐fat attribute has no significant impact on food choices that do not include TLs, this attribute has a positive impact on choices once it is signalled with a TL label. The positive evaluation of the organic production attribute of a food product without a TL decreases when the same product is labelled with a TL. In the case of financial products, TLs significantly reinforce the impact of all characteristics on choice probability. TLs also generate a halo effect with regard to return variance. Although consumers demonstrate different levels of involvement for the two types of products, involvement does not always impact the evaluation of attributes. Compared with less involved consumers, more involved consumers exhibit more heterogeneous evaluations of the return variability attribute in the case of the financial product and the organic attribute in the case of the food product.     

东道国基础设施质量对中国进出口贸易的影响——基于“一带一路”沿线51个国家的实证分析

基础设施建设是经济社会发展的重要支撑,对国家经贸关系进一步发展具有桥梁作用。基于“一带一路”沿线51个国家2011—2019年面板数据,构建拓展引力模型实证分析东道国基础设施质量分别对中国进口与出口的影响。研究发现：东道国基础设施质量会显著促进中国的进口与出口贸易,但对中国进口贸易促进作用强于出口,且东道国GDP增长促进了中国进口与出口贸易增加,其对中国进口贸易促进作用大于出口;而东道国与中国的地理距离对中国进口贸易限制作用大于出口,东道国与中国为邻国、与中国具有共同语言及签订自由贸易协定会推动中国对其进出口贸易增长。在此基础上,提出促进中国与沿线国家进出口贸易的对策建议。     

Exploring multiple eco-routing guidance strategies in a commuting corridor

The introduction of eco-routing systems has been suggested as a promising strategy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and criteria pollutants. The objective of this study is to scrutinize the impacts of an eco-routing guidance system on emissions through the use of a case study in a commuting corridor. This research aims at assessing the potential environmental benefits in terms of different pollutant emissions. Simultaneously, it addresses the extent of variations in system travel time (S_TT) that each eco-routing strategy implies. The methodology consists of three distinct phases. The first phase corresponds to the adjustment of a microsimulation platform of traffic and emissions with empirical data previously collected. Second, to volume-emission-functions (VEF), developed based on the integrated modeling structure. Final, to different scenarios of traffic flow optimization performed at the network level based on a simplified assignment procedure. The results show that if the traffic assignment is performed with the objective to minimize overall impacts, then the total system environmental damage costs can be reduced up to 9% with marginal oscillations in total S_TT. However, if drivers are advised based on their own emissions minimization, total system emissions may be higher than under the standard user equilibrium flow pattern. Specifically, environmentally friendly navigation algorithms focused on individual goals may tend to divert traffic to roads with less capacity affecting the performance of the remaining traffic. This case study brings new insights about the difficulties and potentials of implementing such systems.     

How Effective Are Non‐Monetary Instruments for Safe Driving? Panel Data Evidence on the Effect of the Demerit Point System in Denmark

Using unusually rich longitudinal data on traffic offenses, this paper exploits a reform that introduced a point‐recording scheme in Denmark to estimate the behavioral responses of drivers to a non‐monetary penalty based on demerit points. We find that drivers exhibited substantial behavioral responses to each demerit point assigned to their driving licenses. We also find that drivers’ efforts, and hence responses, increased with the number of demerit points they accumulated. Depending on the number of demerit points accumulated, drivers with one or more demerit points reduced their frequency of traffic offenses by 9–34 percent.     

一种小波变换下的ADS-B信号增强算法

S模式的广播式自动相关监视技术（Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast,ADS-B）是目前空中交通管制大力推广的技术，但ADS-B信号在远距离传输过程中，由于传输信道的影响，会出现幅度减小和能量衰减等问题，从而导致接收到的微弱ADS-B信号不能正确译码。针对这种情况，提出用小波变换对信号做增强处理的方法，首先改进小波系数，接着确定分解层数，再利用重构指数来选取最优小波基，最后对阈值进行改进，考虑在不同的小波分解尺度上选取不同的阈值。对实际数据进行测试的结果表明，该算法能有效地对ADS-B信号进行增强，对信号强度为-94 dBm的微弱信号也能正确译码，译码准确率明显提高，对空中管理、空间安全等实际应用有一定意义。