Unemployment,wages and pensions

Empirical evidence has shown the existence of a negative relationship between the rates of unemployment and real wages. If pensions are computed according to the wages that workers have contributed, then the unemployment rates during working life may also influence the pensions to which they are entitled. Using data from 2005 to 2012 for the Spanish social security system, we estimate that the unemployment elasticity of real pension is ?0.135. A 1% increase in unemployment rate is associated with a reduction in pension equal to 0.135%. In ‘normal times’, this value could be considered modest, but the Great Recession has increased dramatically the rate of unemployment. In 2012, the rate of unemployment in Spain had increased to 25.7% and in 2015, it had diminished to 20.9%. It is estimated that unemployment rate will not be returned to figures existing before the crisis until middle of the next decade. Moreover, the current reforms in social security systems could interact with the future effects of the current rates of unemployment and cause future pensions to be significantly lower than those estimated by individuals. The economic welfare of the future cohorts of retirees would then be significantly worsened.     

供应链核心企业社会责任研究——以复杂网络理论为视角

核心企业往往通过制定不合理契约将社会责任风险转移到供应链中的相关利益方.通过复杂网络理论构建核心型供应链网络拓扑结构模型,对核心型供应链网络中社会责任风险传播的非线性动力学行为进行分析,研究表明:一方面,由于供应链网络具有非线性的特点,导致社会责任风险在整个供应链网络中涌现,最终严重影响到核心企业以及供应链的适应性成长;另一方面,核心企业在供应链网络中具有较高的度,对供应链网络的稳定性起到决定性作用.因此,有必要通过强化核心企业的社会责任主导作用来实现供应链社会责任治理.     

综合性社会契约视角下的社会责任投资决策

社会责任投资起源于20世纪60年代西方社会,它是企业社会责任的一种实践活动。目前在欧美等发达国家,社会责任投资已逐渐成为一种主流基金投资模式,并为越来越多的投资者所认可,而在我国,对社会责任投资尚处于了解阶段。综合性社会契约理论是美国学者多纳得森和邓菲于1994年提出的一个将企业社会责任和社会伦理相衔接的重要理论。文章介绍和评析这两个理论并尝试建立基于综合性社会契约理论的社会责任投资模型,希望借此对投资者进行社会责任投资决策产生一定的理论指导。     

建立健全社会保障体系的思考

建立健全社会保障体系,是社会稳定和国家长治久安的重要保证,是全面建设小康社会的必然要求,也是实践”三个代表”重要思想的充分体现。文章分析了建立健全社会保障体系的必要性,指出了我国社会保障体系存在的问题,提出了建立健全社会保障体系的对策建议。     

The architecture of R&D joint projects: the social network analysis approach

This paper examines the effect of network properties on the performance R&D joint projects. In particular, we examine the impact of network cohesion, diversity and shape on the performance of these of exploration and exploitation R&D projects. We test these measures using data on projects from European R&D networks developed under the framework of Eureka projects. The empirical results indicated some network properties enhance the project’s performance and these differ depending on the kind of technological project developed. Our results suggest a lower heterogeneity, greater cohesion and network centralisation in exploitation than in exploration projects. Our findings show different types of structures depending on the aim of the joint project and that there exist different degrees of cohesion between the partners that comprise the core and the peripheral nodes.     

上市公司社会责任财务绩效评价存在的问题成因及对策

目前,我国上市公司的社会责任财务评价存在诸多问题,国家没有具体规定评价体系,存在信息披露的不充分性和公司自身短视行为,对上市公司的财务评价造成制约。挖掘其原因,除了我国的研究起步相对晚外等历史原因,也有着社会责任存在不易使用会计指标反映的自身原因,不易量化的指标成为了社会责任财务评价绊脚石。要解决这些问题,不仅需要对上市公司披露社会责任信息进行强化和监管,更需要公众的监督。     

The True Meaning of ‘Social Justice’: A Catholic View of Hayek

Hayek's well‐known dismissal of the concept of ‘social justice’ is examined and questioned. While basically agreeing with Hayek's critique, the author argues that we should not entirely reject this concept, although it is often used in a vague and emotional way – ‘social justice talk’. Drawing on the tradition of classical liberalism and Catholic social teaching, he makes the case for the true meaning of social justice, which applies to the basic legal and institutional framework of a society rather than the distributional outcomes of market processes.     

The effect of social capital on post-earthquake reconstruction (programmes) in Nantou County,Taiwan: an assessment

The study aims, through an examination of social capital on post-earthquake reconstruction programmes, to assess the impact of government's programmes on integrated community development and to draw policy implications. To this end, the study explores the programmes implemented by the government in the communities of Nantou County after the earthquake. The findings show that of the three measurements, ‘infrastructure improvement’ satisfied most respondents in the three survey areas, but in Lugu Township and in Nantou City, further improvements are needed in ‘unemployment reduction’ and ‘respondents betterment’.     

我国工业企业社会保险负担的区域差异分析——基于超越对数生产函数的实证研究

本文设计了企业社会保险负担率的指标,并根据超越对数生产函数构建了社会保险负担率的测算模型,分析了各地区工业企业的社会保险负担差异。结果表明：第一,我国工业企业社会保险负担从大到小依次是：中部、西部、东部、东北。与当前社会保险＂主要向西部地区和东北地区倾斜＂倾斜的政策取向存在一定差异。第二,各地区的企业社会保险负担位次,与企业利润水平位次负相关。因此确定企业社会保险缴费基数,应当综合考虑企业劳动报酬和利润水平因素。第三,企业社会保险负担位次与资本投入水平的位次负相关,企业社会保险负担增加将导致资本对劳动的替代,对就业问题产生一定影响。     

房地产业履行社会责任与企业价值的关系研究——基于上市公司面板数据的实证分析

在基于利益相关者理论建立衡量房地产业履行社会责任的指标体系和用托宾Q值衡量企业价值的基础上,分别对2000—2009年房地产业履行社会责任和企业价值进行评估,并利用面板数据模型对中国2000—2009年房地产业履行社会责任和企业价值的关系进行实证研究。研究表明:企业社会责任履行情况越好,越被社会公众认同,企业价值就会越高。但是社会责任的综合表现对企业价值的提升作用十分微弱,整个社会对企业社会责任的履行情况关注程度还十分有限。