Innovation in the bioeconomy – dynamics of biorefinery innovation networks

The bioeconomy has become a central concept in many strategies for future economic development, emphasising an increasing need for collaboration across industries and sectors for innovation. This paper unpacks aspects of collaboration in the bioeconomy by looking at the development of innovation networks for biorefinery technologies from 2004 to 2014 based on innovation project data from Swedish public funding agencies using a stochastic actor-oriented model for network analysis. The analysis shows that although the network grew significantly during the time period, indicating an increasing interest in biorefinery technology innovation, inter-sectoral collaboration is not favoured over intra-sectoral collaboration. As is known from previous work on social networks trust-building is a key driver for collaboration, as actors tend to form collaborations with previous partners or indirectly connected partners, creating clustered networks.     

Unemployment insurance: The role of electoral systems and regional labour markets

Levels of insurance against unemployment vary considerably across countries. Replacement rates, the ratio relating income from unemployment to what people earned when they were employed, are higher in countries with proportional electoral systems than in countries with majoritarian systems. Also, replacement rates are positively correlated with per capita income and negatively correlated with the countries' unemployment rates. I develop an electoral competition model that replicates these stylized facts.     

政府信用创新——基于国债转贷政策的分析

对国债实施转贷是政府信用运作方式的一种创新.理论上,采取有偿方式运用国债资金,有利于提高政府信用资金的使用效率,但是,从审计部门国债资金审计报告及相关文献反映的情况看,这一创新的理论目标与实践效果之间存在明显差距.随着2008年国债转贷资金还本付息高峰期到来,国债资金使用低效问题将会逐步显现成为现实的信用问题,因此,从理论和实践意义上,对以国债转贷政策为内容的政府信用创新进行必要的反思,显然已是恰逢其时.     

加强社保基金管理，提高投资收益

2006年上海社保基金案东窗事发，涉案金额达百亿人民币，由于社保基金牵涉老百姓日后生计，关系到社会稳定，一时之间，该案成为社会关注的焦点。但不可否认，在我国社保资金存在巨大缺口的压力下，将社保基金用于投资赚取收益并没有错。这一案件提醒我们，不能因为社保基金的特殊性，就忽略社保基金的投资管理。随着我国社保基金规模不断变大，投资领域和方式的不断出新，加强社保基金投资管理，非常关键。     

社会嵌入视角下的能力构建研究

在分析社会网络中不同企业的能力差异后,本文提出了以梯度转移为形式的能力构建模式。社会嵌入机制可以通过强化企业间的网络联结来提供支撑,其中结构嵌入是基于网络特性来拓展联结广度,关系嵌入则基于企业行为来增强联结深度,两者的融合会进一步促进企业的跨组织边界知识互动,以维持能力梯度转移的持续和稳定。     

Taxation of Mobile Factors as Insurance under Uncertainty

This paper considers the effects of the taxation of mobile factors, i.e., capital, under uncertainty. The wages earned by residents of a jurisdiction are uncertain due to random shocks. Since the uncertain wages in a jurisdiction depend on the amount of mobile capital employed in the jurisdiction, and since taxation alters the quantity of capital employed, taxation affects the riskiness of uncertain wages. In particular, the taxation of capital moderates the fluctuation of uncertain wages, thereby providing insurance. For this reason, jurisdictions use distortionary capital taxation even if lump‐sum taxation is available. In addition, this insurance effect counteracts the tendency toward too low tax rates on capital arising from tax competition, and possibly improves the efficiency of tax competition.     

Nationality,social network and psychological well-being: expatriates in China

Expatriate social networks constitute an under-emphasized area in expatriate literature. The current study contributes to the expatriate adjustment literature by empirically testing the relationship between expatriate personal networks and psychological well-being. The current study also investigates the hypothesis that expatriates from different cultural backgrounds will establish different social networks and adjust differently in China. A survey of 166 expatriates in China from North America, Europe and other countries in Asia showed significant support for the hypothesis that expatriate network characteristics have a direct and significant influence on expatriate psychological well-being. In addition, as predicted, expatriates in China from different cultural backgrounds (Overseas Chinese, other Asian, North American and European) established personal networks with different characteristics.     

上海小城镇社保模式探索及其启示

上海小城镇社保“24％＋X”的基本模式具有“低平台、有弹性、广覆盖”三大特点，充分考虑了当前上海郊区的经济发展水平和郊区人口对于社会保障的现实需求，较好地体现了社会保障多层次以及同当前经济发展水平相适应的原则，在实践中取得了较好的效果。本文通过对上海小城镇社保的分析，试图为我国农村社会保障制度的发展提供新的思路。     

Using Social Influence Processes and Psychological Factors to Measure Pervasive Adoption of Social Networking Sites: Evidence from Pakistan

Social networking sites (SNS) have emerged as a popular and convenient tool for connecting with different groups of people on a specific platform. This study examines the effect of social influence processes and psychological factors on the behavior of students’ pervasive adoption of SNS. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire. Partial least square was used for data analysis. Findings reveal that privacy, identification, and internalization ensure significant association with the intention to use SNS, ultimately has a positive effect on the pervasive adoption of SNS and so does gender. However, men were found to be less aware of privacy issues.     

大理州人口老龄化对经济社会发展的影响

文章基于第五次、六次人口普查数据资料,分析了大理州人口老龄化现状及其对经济社会发展的影响,提出了大理州人口老龄化与经济社会协调发展的思路。