论企业群的组织机理

企业群是一种非常普遍的经济现象,它是指在一定地域形成的以提供某种产品或服务为核心,以信任关系为纽带,以市场竞争为外在表现形式的社会网络组织。由于企业聚集,企业群内具有明显的外部经济性,这些经济"外益"的主要表现是,由于企业群组织机理的作用,企业的市场交易费用和组     

优化我国证券收益所得课税的思考

我国经济和证券市场的高速发展对现行证券税制提出更高的要求。因此,我国证券税制的改革应循着这样的道路:进一步完善现行税制,并与国际惯例接轨;调节收入分配关系,更好地体现公平原则;打击短期投资行为,鼓励长期投资;尽快解决重复征税问题,使之成为推动证券市场健康发展的动力。     

西方经济学中的社会保障理论批判

西方社会保障理论是围绕效用价值论这个基础展开的,这导致了西方社会保障理论和政策的混乱。马克思主义社会保障理论建立在剩余价值理论和再生产理论的基础上,是科学合理的。西方社会保障理论的产生和发展,始终围绕着国家干预主义和经济自由主义两大思潮的兴衰而发展演变。马克思主义社会保障理论从维持社会再生产顺利进行和维护广大劳动人们利益的角度,始终强调国家在社会保障中的作用,反对社会保障的私有化。西方国家社会保障实践随着西方社会保障理论的发展而发展变化,而每次政策实践的较大变化又与理论的突破和创新密切相关。我国的社会保障理论,要在坚持马克思主义的基础上,根据时代需要实现全面创新。     

Demographic Shock and Social Security: A Political Economy Perspective

We assume that individual voters differ not only according to age but also productivity. In the steady state, workers with wages in the intermediate range join the retired persons to form a majority and vote for a positive level of social security. When a shock decreases population growth, entrenched interests can constrain majority voting decisions and prevent reforms in the name of entitlements. We show that from a Rawlsian viewpoint it may be desirable to rely on these entitlements to protect the low wage earners of the transition generations. However, when the possibility of fixing a basic pension is introduced, it constitutes a better instrument than entitlements.     

Housing-Price Cycles and Prepayment Rates of U.S. Mortgage Pools

Empirical mortgage prepayment models generally have trouble explaining differences in mortgage-prepayment speeds among pools with similar interest rates on the underlying mortgages. In this article, we model some of the sources of termination heterogeneity across mortgage pools, particularly the role of regional variations in housing prices in generating atypical prepayment speeds. Using a sample of Freddie Mac mortgage pools from 1991 to 1998, we compare two classes of empirical models: a rational option-pricing model using a backward-solving pricing algorithm and an empirical hazard model. In both empirical estimation strategies, we find evidence that differences in house-price dynamics across regions are an important source of between-pool heterogeneity. This finding is then shown to be robust to alternative ways of parameterizing pool heterogeneity in mortgage termination models.     

保障石油供应 维护石油安全

通过我国与美国石油工业供需发展情况的对比，在分析美国石油工业发展的经验、结合我国石油工业自身特点和不足的基础上，对我国的石油供应提出了几点建议。     

Business Ethics in Spain

This article is an introduction to the selection of papers on "Business Ethics in Spain" included in this monographic issue of the Journal of Business Ethics. Specifically, this article is a survey of the development of the social, political, cultural and economic background of business in Spain since 1940, in order to show how the ethical values, attitudes and problems of the Spanish managers changed in these years. First, the global evolution of this background is explained, and then several relevant problems are discussed, namely those of the attitudes of business towards the State and the law (with an aside on the attitudes of society towards profit and wealth), corruption, and the grey economy, taxes, and irregular labour. The article concludes with a survey of the scientific developments of business ethics in Spain.     

电子商务网络安全技术探讨

本文主要介绍了电子商务网络安全的概念,面临的威胁及数据加密技术,系统安全技术、防火墙技术。从而提供在实际应用中如何加强防范,提高网络安全性。     

社会保障基金投资的外部规定及投资组合

本文研究了各国社会保障基金投资的外部规定和投资组合,并总结出我国可以借鉴的经验;接着本文对我国的相关情况进行分析,结合国外经验,指出我国社会保障基金投资组合的缺陷,提出改进建议。     

Identification management and its bases: Bridging management and marketing perspectives through a focus on affiliation dimensions

There has been growing interest in both management and marketing regarding how individuals become identified with organizations and how organizations attempt to manage these identifications. The authors present a framework built on explicit and implicit points of convergence in research conducted in both these disciplines. In their review of the management and marketing literatures, the authors suggest three fundamental mechanisms, or “bases”, for managing organizational identification: relational, behavioral, and symbolic. Furthermore, the authors argue that how an individual is affiliated with an organization will impact the relative influence of these identification management bases. The authors conclude by suggesting how management and marketing scholars can create a theoretical space for future interdisciplinary work Such a change would involve moving away from “employees” versus “customers” as a prime division between the fields and moving toward a more fine-grained approach that emphasizes the unique characteristics of individual-organizational relationships. M. Teresa Cardador (cardador@uiuc.edu) is a doctoral student in management at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Her research explores issues related to workplace attachment and identification, work orientation, and the experience of employees who find work highly meaningful and engaging. Michael G. Pratt (mpratt@uiuc.edu) is a James F. Towey Fellow and an associate professor of management at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He earned his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. His articles have appeared in leading management outlets, includingAdministrative Science Quarterly, theAcademy of Management Journal, theAcademy of Management Review, andResearch in Organizational Behavior. He recently coedited (with Anat Rafaeli) a book titledArtifacts and Organizations: Beyond Mere Symbolism (Lawrence Erlbaum, 2005). His current research examines issues of organizational attachment (e.g., identification and commitment), multiple identities and meaning, and intuition. Dr. Pratt’s work focuses largely on professionals in both traditional and dispersed work contexts.