基于灰色理论的中国人口空间分布模式预测

运用灰色理论对我国各个省市未来人口总量进行预测,并应用GIS的空间自相关理论和方法对未来人口空间分布模式做出预测。研究认为,从2005年到2020年中:北京、天津、江苏、上海、浙江等省市始终保持与周围省市人口密度的高高关联关系,围绕这些省市的省份区域形成了相对人口聚集区域,西部许多省份及东北几省与周围的省份人口密度是维持着低低关联模式。广东省始终保持与周围省市人口密度的高高关联关系,即本省只是单独形成了一个聚集点。2014年是我国人口空间分布格局变动较大的时期。     

知识管理及其应用

知识管理就是在最恰当的时间传递最恰当的知识给最恰当的人,使他们能够做出最恰当的决策并避免重复性的劳动或重复性的错误;知识管理是一个整体的、综合的概念,包容了心理、组织、文化、信息技术等诸多方面的因素;知识管理系统地管理重要的企业知识以及知识的创造、收集、整理、传播和利用过程;知识管理需要将个人知识转变为企业知识,并在整个企业中以合适的方式进行应用和共享。它的实施是一个十分复杂的过程,涉及到企业管理的各个方面,对于不同的企业,实施的过程也不一样。     

中小企业研发困境的博弈分析

知识经济时代,企业自主研发是增强其竞争力的必经途径。而在国内,众多中小企业对研发投入持消极态度,尽管政府多方鼓励,但收效不大,且企业在自主研发的投入方面与发达国家有着较大的差距。可从严格保护研发成果、协作研发与加大政府的政策优惠力度等方面对中国中小企业的研发投入情况进行改进。     

The Economic Value of Water Quality

Stated preference values for water quality ratings based on the US Environmental Protection Agency National Water Quality Inventory ratings provide an operational basis for benefit assessment. Iterative choice survey results for a very large, nationally representative, Web-based panel imply an average valuation of $32 for each percent increase in lakes and rivers in the region for which water quality is rated “Good.” Valuations are skewed, with the mean value more than double the median. Sources of heterogeneity in benefit values include differences in responses to average water quality information and the base level of water quality. Conjoint estimates are somewhat lower than the iterative choice values. The annual economic value of the decline in inland US water quality from 1994 to 2000 is over $20 billion.      

A two-stage translog marginal cost pricing approach for Floridian hospital outputs

Since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, issues still remain regarding the mandated purchase of insurance to ensure more universal coverage. One such issue is the pricing of these insurance packages and whether or not the reimbursements will cover necessary services. Therefore, policy concerns exist that increasing the number of insured individuals may not curtail costs. Conversely, providers may not wish to treat patients covered by excessively frugal plans such as Medicaid; hence the trade-offs between access and cost control. In this article, we present findings from a cost function and a productivity approach to determine the marginal cost of providing inpatient hospital care for hospitals operating in Florida during 2005. Using these methodological approaches, we are able to use the marginal rate of transformation to determine the relative marginal costs while controlling for hospital technical and allocative inefficiency. Our work differs from earlier articles as we avoid the Greene problem for cross-sectional models through a two-step approach. By including both reimbursement rates under conditions of hospital efficiency, we can ascertain payment schemes that should, at least in theory, cover necessary costs for patient care without leading to excessive input usage.     

高科技产业新产品定价策略研究——基于系统动力学

新产品的开发对于高科技产业来说日趋重要,需要不断的努力和巨大的市场意识,系统的价格监测对于分割市场和合理配置资源具有很重要的意义,企业应该认真考虑以确定最优定价策略。本文在不同竞争环境下建立了不同定价策略对企业综合影响的系统动力学模型,在对模型模拟分析的基础上,研究了不同定价策略对企业的影响。结果表明,高科技产业新产品采用撇脂定价策略相对于渗透定价策略具有更大的优越性,并根据企业实际的定价能力,适当地延长撇脂时间和增大撇脂价格可以带来更大的经济效益。     

Welfare effects of bubbles in an endogenous growth model

This paper examines welfare effects of asset bubbles in an endogenous growth model with overlapping generations. In our model, a steady-state equilibrium with bubbles exists only if the presence of bubbles raises the welfare level of the initial generation. Bubbles can be beneficial to generations born at relatively early dates, whereas they reduce the welfare level of sufficiently distant future generations. Increasing the rate of supply of the useless asset improves the lifetime utilities of future generations.     

Global apparel production and sweatshop labour: can raising retail prices finance living wages?

This paper provides some empirical evidence on issues raisedby the global anti-sweatshop movement. We first consider therelationship between wage and employment growth, finding noconsistent trade-off between them. We then measure the shareof labour costs in the production of garments in the US andMexico. We find that the retail price increases necessary toabsorb the costs of raising wages substantially are small, wellwithin the range of price increases that polls suggest US consumersare willing to pay. We close by considering some implicationsof these results.     

客户偏好指标和银行渠道使用对应分析研究

随着商业银行竞争的日趋激烈,银行营销渠道在其经营发展中地位日益明显。由于不同渠道其服务范围和条件、成本和效益有明显的区别,同时,客户不同的行为偏好对于不同渠道的应用也存在差异,所以,商业银行客户偏好分析就成为银行渠道发展策略的首要任务和出发点。在介绍相关理论基础上,建立商业银行客户偏好分析的框架,提出了客户偏好分析指标体系,最终利用实际调研数据对客户偏好指标和银行渠道进行分析,得到偏好指标和渠道之间的对应关系,对国内商业银行如何利用客户偏好分析方法实施差异化策略提出方法和建议。