互惠性与理性经济效应的比较性研究

在知识经济时代,行为经济学的发展动摇了传统经济理论的基础,为现代经济学的发展开辟了新的方向。作为行为经济学的基础性假设之一,互惠性偏好对经济人的理性偏好进行了强烈的挑战,从而导致互惠性企业理论对理性管理理论的冲击。互惠性理念在企业管理机制中具有一定的存在性和革命性,促进了管理行为的优化和管理机制的变革,进而有效地改进了企业的运营绩效。基于相同的企业环境,借助于组织学习与知识转移的传导机制,互惠性与理性经济效应的比较性分析深刻地揭示了互惠性偏好的前沿性,验证了互惠性管理策略在现代经济体系中存在着显著的应用价值,从而为我国企业加强互惠性管理战略、进而改进企业的运作绩效提供了现实性的理论借鉴。     

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ON THE URBAN–RURAL DISPARITY IN HUMAN CAPITAL IN CHINA

With China's economic development and capital accumulation in the industrial sectors, the human capital level of the labours moving from the rural areas could no longer meet the demand of the industrial sectors. Therefore, “structural shortage of technical labour” emerged in the labour market as a result of excess of demand for high‐skilled workers. Previous literature mostly focused on the relationship between rural human‐capital level and labour movement, income change and economic growth, but in this article, the authors focus on the study of the relative disparity of urban and rural human capital and labour movement, as well as the effect of the change of urban–rural human capital gap on industrial output, profit and social welfare. This article shows that bridging the urban–rural gap in respect of human capital level could not only improve the situation of the “structural shortage of technical labour,” but also have a positive effect on the general social welfare.     

税收优惠与税收竞争政策利弊分析及启示

在经济全球化的背景下,通过论述经济全球化、税收国际化、国际税收竞争与税收优惠的关系,主张纵向研究国际税收竞争,从国民经济发展的全局出发审视利用税收优惠手段参与国际税收竞争的利与弊.     

企业出口与工资差距——来自中国制造业的证据

从世界银行企业投资调查数据中可以发现,中国出口企业内部的工资差距高于非出口企业.由于处在生产技术结构与所在地区比较优势更为接近的行业中的企业,在没有保护和补贴的情况下具有自生能力,能够获得较高的剩余,所以这类企业在开放竞争的条件下资本积累速度更快,在资本技术互补的假设下,增加了对更高技能劳动力的需求.出口对企业内高级管...     

水资源管理的供给侧结构性改革研究

根据供给侧结构性改革的背景和基本内涵,对水资源供给侧结构性改革的内涵进行研究,提出了狭义和广义的水资源供给侧结构性改革的内容。在分析水资源需求新形势的基础上,提出了水资源供给侧结构性改革的要求。根据水循环理论提出了水资源管理是推动水资源供给侧结构性改革的重要抓手,并在最严格水资源管理制度的基础上,提出了符合水资源供给侧结构性改革要求的水资源管理制度。     

集体林产权安排与林农增收关系研究——基于江西武宁县的调查分析

本研究就集体林产权安排、林农增收之间关系问题进行了理论分析,提出了一系列研究假设。在此基础上,利用江西武宁县的问卷调研数据,借助统计分析和结构方程模型的分析方法,对提出的理论假设进行了实证检验,研究结果表明:林权承包到户对林农自愿经营有正向影响,林农自愿经营对收入增长也存在着正向影响,林权制度对林农收入增长有间接影响;林农自愿经营在林权制度与林农收入增长中起着明显的中介效应;政策的稳定性、林农的收入水平和受教育程度对林农经营意愿有着显著的正向驱动作用。因此,林权制度改革要保持政策的稳定性,针对不同收入水平和文化程度的林农,采取切实可行的措施增强他们的林业经营意愿,从而促进林农的收入增长,使林权制度改革在最大程度上推动林业经济的发展。     

Research on the capital structural optimization based on the coexistence condition of company＇s income tax and individual income tax

Capital structure denotes enterprises＇ form and proportion relation of various long-term funds source. The capital structure is the combination problem of the long-term funds about enterprise development and it is the quantity and proportion between every fund form. This paper analyzes the various factors which affect capital structural decision-making, and introduces capital structural optimization theory of the shelter benefit of tax revenue and bankruptcy cost balance. It studies the method and the evaluation criterion of capital structural optimization. And it constructs capital structural optimization model of coexistence condition of company＇s income tax and individual income tax. This will be very helpful for the rationality of enterprise capital structure.     

宽体车车架结构分析与整车性能验证

本次研发的宽体车总质量为40t,是在总质量60t级平台产品的基础上向下衍生而来的。应用三维造型软件建立了矿用自卸车实体几何模型,并对关键结构——车架给出了应力分析时的模型简化方法,根据整车的装配关系和车架的受力特点确定了车架强度有限元分析的边界条件,在此基础上建立了包括车桥、悬挂和车厢在内的整车有限元模型,依据矿用车的典型受力重点选取满载静止或平稳行驶、扭转组合和侧倾举升作业作为分析工况,应用ANSYS软件求解得到各工况下车架的应力大小和应力分布规律。为验证整车的性能,在华润水泥南宁公司矿山对样车进行了为期3个月的性能试验,并对该矿车进行了全面检验,为下一步优化设计提供依据。     

现金流量表分析与应用研究

现金流量是企业生存和发展的命脉,而现金流量表是反映一家公司在一定时期现金流入和现金流出动态状况的报表。通过现金流量表提供的信息,信息使用者可以掌握企业资产变动情况,了解企业的资产流动性、偿债能力和支付投资者报酬能力。现金流量表是企业投资活动成败的晴雨表,对企业的发展非常重要,其为改善企业资金管理指明了方向。     

Structural production layer decomposition: a new method to measure differences between MRIO databases for footprint assessments

Recent empirical assessments revealed that footprint indicators calculated with various multi-regional input–output (MRIO) databases deliver deviating results. In this paper, we propose a new method, called structural production layer decomposition (SPLD), which complements existing structural decomposition approaches. SPLD enables differentiating between effects stemming from specific parts in the technology matrix, e.g. trade blocks vs. domestic blocks, while still allowing to link the various effects to the total region footprint. Using the carbon footprint of the EU-28 in 2011 as an example, we analyse the differences between EXIOBASE, Eora, GTAP and WIOD. Identical environmental data are used across all MRIO databases. In all model comparisons, variations in domestic blocks have a more significant impact on the carbon footprint than variations in trade blocks. The results provide a wealth of information for MRIO developers and are relevant for policy makers designing climate policy measures targeted to specific stages along product supply chains.