用社团模式开展学校课外体育活动初探

现代体育教学的改革目标,不仅是让学生能掌握课堂上教师传授的体育技能,而且还要让学生能把所学的技能,灵活地应用到以后的生活、工作中。要达到这个目标,仅靠体育课是不够的,故应以课外体育活动为突破口,让学生根据自己的实际情况、兴趣爱好组成各类社团,利用课外时间学习或练习自己喜欢的体育项目,从而培养他们参加体育锻炼的兴趣、爱好和习惯,为其终生体育奠定良好的基础。     

企业物流系统的经济评价方法探析

文章通过对物流成本概念及其特性和物流成本系统化控制的分析,运用物流活动的经济评价的方法对物流系统的成本进行动态的经济评价,为企业提供物流成本控制与管理依据,以便企业能够及时准确的进行调整更有效更迅速的优化系统,使企业的物流成本大大降低,从而增强企业的竞争力。     

Cross-national differences in stakeholder management: Applying institutional theory and comparative capitalism framework

Drawing upon the research in institutional theory and comparative capitalism, the present study investigates how cross-national differences in the political, business, and economic institutional contexts of the United States, Italy, and Japan are associated with the ways in which companies in each of these countries prioritize and engage in their stakeholder engagement activities (SEAs). Using Porter and Kramer's framework, which classifies corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities as falling into four categories (good citizenship, mitigating harm from value chain, transforming value chain activities, and strategic philanthropy), we investigate how companies in the United States, Japan, and Italy prioritize and engage in these four SEAs. An analysis of data collected from 340 companies across these countries reveals that while companies in each of these three countries undertake the four types of SEAs, the prioritization and prevalence of the four types of SEAs vary from one country to the other, in ways that align with the prevailing institutional contexts of each country. The results contribute to a more nuanced understanding of why and how companies' approaches to CSR differ across countries. From a practitioner's perspective, the findings highlight the cultural specificity of CSR, implying that despite the global nature of CSR, the implementation of CSR needs to be tailored to a country's context.     

大学校园商业活动的利弊分析与管理应对

随着近年来全国各大学的扩招与大学城的扩建,大学校园商业活动的发展势头逐渐呈上升趋势。大学校园商业活动对于大学的发展以及大学师生的学习生活具有非常积极的意义,但同时也存在一些消极隐患。针对这些隐患,只有采取相关有效的应对策略,才能真正实现大学校园商业活动的良性发展进而营造学校、师生与商家的共赢局面。     

改革开放以来中国能源供需格局演变

由于存在着资源及其开发利用的明显局限性,能源供应范围的不断扩张成为国家和地区现代化进程的一种必然趋势.文章通过中国能源生产、消费和平均运距刻画了改革开放以来中国能源供需格局的演变过程.结果表明:第一,改革开放以来,中国能源的生产、消费量和供应空间都随着社会、经济的发展而有了巨大的增长和扩展;第二,能源供应空间的扩展过程不仅是能源消费总量增长的结果,更是消费结构升级的产物,其中煤炭绝对主导地位的下降和石油及天然气作用的提升在全国和区域均得到很好的印证;第三,在资源泉赋和经济发展二者共同作用下,国家能源供需格局变得更加清晰.为了满足东部地区能源输人需求的持续增长,中西部地区的能源输出能力得到了明显加强,尤以西部地区能源输出地位的提高至关重要.     

用PERT法求解不确定网络中活动时间参数的改进研究

基于计划评审技术(PERT)中β分布的假设,阐述了常规三时估计方法的不足,提出了相应解决对策,即采用限定概率三时估计法分别建立了β分布和Gamma分布拟合方差最小模型,用微粒群算法求解模型,并且将求解结果与常规三时估计方法进行了对比研究。实例证实,对于不同类型的活动,可以选择合理的分布类型并利用限定概率三时估计法,对各个活动的持续时间服从的分布密度函数进行拟合,从而提高PERT的精度和效率。     

高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动调查与思考

高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动为大学生健康成长成才提供了良好的心理基础,是心理健康教育的有效载体和重要途径。根据高职院校大学生心理健康教育活动的问卷调查结果,本文展开了粗浅的思考,高职院校要充分重视心理健康教育活动对大学生的影响,充分发挥心理健康教育活动在培养高职院校合格人才上的作用。     

INCOME‐GENERATING ACTIVITY: AN AVENUE TO IMPROVE THE SUSTAINABILITY OF SHGs

Self‐help groups (SHGs) are formed to work for increased income through collective effort and use of banking facilities by initiating some income‐generating activities taking advantage of the financial strength of a group. Taking into consideration the significance of SHGs to economic growth, the present study analyzes and compares the management of the income‐generating activities of SHGs in rural and urban areas. It also explores the extent of resource mobilization through various income‐generating activities, and the constraints faced by the SHGs while undertaking these activities. It is an exploratory research in which a multi‐stage stratified cluster random sampling technique was used for the selection of SHGs. Data were collected at group level and member level through purposely developed interview schedules and focused group discussions. The study revealed that, because of various financial and marketing‐related problems occurring while initiating and conducting the activities, very few SHG members actually started new income‐generating activities. Testing of hypotheses indicated that SHGs do not fulfil all the requirements of income‐generating activities carried out by its members. An overall low to medium level of resource mobilization by a majority of the SHGs presented a poor picture of SHGs in generating resources for undertaking entrepreneurial activities.     

新时期群众美术工作者实现素质提升的探索

群众美术工作做为群众文化工作的重要组成部分,美术活动的组织创作、辅导、展览,是群众美术工作的重点。如何提高美术专业人员素质,增强服务意识,发挥美术专业人员的作用,是提升群众美术工作的关键。     

Finance,institutions, and innovation activities in China

Using novel firm-level micro-panel data in China from 2000 to 2009 and data on institutional factors, we study which funding sources effectively finance firm innovation activities in China and how the effectiveness of funding sources varies according to the quality of institutions. We show that institutional factors impact the effectiveness of each funding source in different ways. First, when property rights are better protected against the risk of expropriation by the government, internal financing from net profit—namely, the reinvestment of profit—is more important in financing firm innovation activities. Second, as contracts are enforced more reliably, trade credit finance and bank finance play larger roles in financing firm innovation activities.