Double Dividend with Involuntary Unemployment: Efficiency and Intergenerational Equity

This paper analyzes the double dividend and distributional issues within an overlapping generations model framework with involuntary unemployment. We characterize the necessary conditions needed to obtain a double dividend, when the revenue of the environmental tax is recycled by a variation of the labor tax rate. We show that an employment dividend may occur without any efficiency dividend and that the young generation is not always harmed by the fiscal reform, even without any intergenerational transfers. Therefore, three dividends (environmental, efficiency and intergenerational equity) can occur simultaneously.     

公共品供给中的政府责任

在公共品供给中,政府责任是提供它需要并且能够提供的公共品。需要提供的公共品是指在现有的资源技术条件下,达到社会效用最大化所需提供的公共品。能够提供的公共品是指征到拉弗曲线隐含的最大税收量所能提供的公共品。需要并且能够提供的公共品是指需要提供的公共品与能够提供的公共品中量较小的一方。通过比较政府实际提供的公共品与需要并且能够提供的公共品,可以评价政府在这一领域称职与否。     

Can Capital Income Taxes Survive? And Should They?

The article surveys some main results in the theory of capitalincome taxation in the open economy; reviews recent trends ininternational taxation and discusses alternative blueprintsfor fundamental capital income tax reform from the perspectiveof an open economy faced with growing mobility of capital incometax bases. (JEL code: H21, H25)     

税收、政府支出与消费变动的关系——基于省际面板数据的实证分析

基于霍尔不确定条件下的消费理论,建立了一个分析消费决策的模型,并利用我国1992-2008年的省际面板数据进行实证分析。结果显示,减税与扩大政府支出都对消费有正向影响;投资收益的增加则会减少消费。在经济衰退时,减税和增加财政支出是提高消费、扩大内需的有效手段。在当前经济脆弱时期,采取积极的财政政策,扩大在民生领域的财政支出,是带动当前经济增长和奠定未来发展基础的最佳政策选择。     

The Long-Run Effect of a Tax-Rebate Program

In each period of a dynamic tax-rebate program, a (fixed) quantity tax is imposed on each unit of a given good, and the tax revenue is rebated back to the consumer in the next period. The program lasts for infinite number of periods. The author considers a representative consumer's dynamic consumption behavior, the long-run steady-state consumption, and the consumer's welfare. Under the standard continuity and strict convexity assumptions on the consumer's preferences, he shows that the tax strictly reduces the consumption of the good in each period as well as in the steady state, and the consumer is strictly worse off. He also provides numerical analysis when the consumer has the quasilinear or the Cobb-Douglas utility functions.     

略论明代武当山香税的征收与管理

明代的香税以泰山和武当山的数量和影响为最。武当山香税的征收始于明孝宗弘治六年（1493年），是明代最早征收香税之地，由湖广布政司和提督太监委派的官员即均州千户所千户和太和宫提点负责。打着维修庙宇的旗号而征收的香税，在嘉靖以后还用于赈济灾荒，抵宗藩、官兵俸粮之不足等事项，正是明代中后期国家政治腐败、财政危机、加派风行的必然结果。