纳税信用管理与财政补贴效率

基于新纳税信用管理的实施,采用双重差分法实证研究我国纳税信用管理对财政补贴效率的影响。结果发现：纳税信用管理能促进信用良好的企业获得财政补贴,并改善企业运用财政补贴的效果,有助于提高财政补贴的效率。机制分析显示,纳税信用管理通过信号传递机制和奖惩机制减少信息不对称,从而提高财政补贴的效率。此外,纳税信用管理对信用良好的中小企业、非国有企业获取财政补贴、运用财政补贴的效率有更大的积极作用,反映纳税信用管理通过改善财政补贴的效率也有助于提高财政补贴的公平性。     

Personality and older consumers’ green behaviour in the UK

The UK government has set an ambitious target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% before 2050. An interesting segment that could help to achieve this is older consumers, due to their growing numbers. There seems to be a lack of attention, in the research looking specifically at different age categories of older consumers’ green behaviour, and whether their level of greenness can be explained by their personality. Using Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and Time Perspective, the research presented here was designed to provide an exploratory analysis of how the green behaviour of older consumers is explained by their personality types. Based on the responses of 204 older consumers in the UK, our results find the openness personality trait to be positively linked to green behaviour, whilst the extraversion personality trait is negatively related to green behaviour. Although the level of green behaviour increased with older consumers’ age, this did not reach significance.     

我国煤炭资源税从价计征的局限性研究——基于征税效果和效率的预评价

从征税效果和效率的视角,对资源税从价征收进行了预评价。评价结果表明,从价计征改革存在2大局限性,一方面无法达到"地方政府摆脱资源大省、财政小省困境"和"提高回采率、保护煤炭资源"等预期效果;另一方面,会造成征税的双重超额负担,导致征税低效率。在此基础上,建议应从整体而非局部推动煤炭资源税费改革,系统地进行煤炭资源税收体系再设计。     

Why Have Corporate Tax Revenues Declined? Another Look

The relative constancy of non-financial corporate tax revenuesas a share of US GDP masks offsetting trends in the ratio ofcorporate profits to GDP (declining) and the average tax rate(increasing). The average tax rate rose steadily between 1996and 2003, an increase largely attributable to the importanceof tax losses. This rise casts some doubt on the role of taxplanning activities in reducing corporate taxes. So, too, doesthe relative stability of the rate of profit (relative to netassets), which might be expected to have declined had the understatementof profits for tax purposes been increasing. (JEL code: H25,G32)     

Can Capital Income Taxes Survive? And Should They?

The article surveys some main results in the theory of capitalincome taxation in the open economy; reviews recent trends ininternational taxation and discusses alternative blueprintsfor fundamental capital income tax reform from the perspectiveof an open economy faced with growing mobility of capital incometax bases. (JEL code: H21, H25)     

浅析固定资产折旧的会计与税法差异及所得税处理

在企业所得税汇算清缴过程中,如何正确进行固定资产折旧的纳税调整及所得税会计处理,是每个企业必须注意的问题。本文分析了固定资产折旧的会计与税法差异产生的原因,以及在计算企业所得税时,如何对这些差异进行相关的纳税调整和所得税会计处理。     

促进农民增收的制度创新应实现几个转变

增加农民收入是缩小城乡居民收入差距的关键,制度创新却是增加农民收入的关键。要促进农民增收,必须创新财税制度,实现＂少取多予＂向＂不取多予＂的转变;创新价格制度,实现农产品最低收购价格向支持价格的转变;创新户籍制度,实现城乡差别待遇向国民待遇的转变;创新土地产权制度,实现农村土地产权模糊向清晰的转变。     

树立科技矿政理念改革矿政管理制度——以资源储量消耗计征矿产资源税费

科技矿政理念的基本含义就是努力提高矿政管理的科技含量,遵循地质矿产规律,依靠科技进步显著提升我国矿产资源保护与利用水平.推动科技矿政管理进程,首先要从资源储量管理方面夯实基础,建立健全资源储量实物账户与价值账户.进而改革矿产资源权益分配方式,以资源储量消耗计征矿产资源税费.相应改革矿业权评估制度.     

完善农产品增值税制度的构想

我国现行对“对农业生产者销售自产的农产品免税”的政策初衷是为了照顾农民的利益,但政策的实际效果很不理想,导致了一系列问题。文章从理论和现实分析指出,解决问题的思路就是对农产品生产环节恢复征收规范的增值税,并提出符合我国目前国情对农业生产者恢复征收增值税制度的初步构想。     

Determinants of Innovative Behaviour in the Hotel Industry: A cross-Cultural Study

The present study develops a conceptual framework that sheds light on whether institutional pressures (i.e., normative, mimetic, and coercive) and corporate support can improve innovative behavior across different societies and the moderating role of national cultural dimensions on this link. Our study validated these arguments empirically using data from the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Data were collected and analyzed from 2,618 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of full-time non-managerial employees selected, from different departments of various four- and five-star hotels across five economically and culturally different societies (UK, UAE, Germany, China, USA). Our results indicated that both institutional pressures and corporate support have positive influence on employees’ innovative behaviour. Furthermore, Hotels in cultures with high levels of individualism and low levels of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to corporate support programs. While, hotels in nations with high levels of power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to normative, mimetic, and coercive pressure. These findings provide important implications for innovative behaviour by developing and validating a multilevel model empirically in the hospitality context.