全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15898篇 |
免费 | 686篇 |
国内免费 | 361篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 852篇 |
工业经济 | 1111篇 |
计划管理 | 3595篇 |
经济学 | 3764篇 |
综合类 | 2032篇 |
运输经济 | 99篇 |
旅游经济 | 159篇 |
贸易经济 | 2150篇 |
农业经济 | 614篇 |
经济概况 | 2569篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 107篇 |
2023年 | 323篇 |
2022年 | 357篇 |
2021年 | 529篇 |
2020年 | 660篇 |
2019年 | 429篇 |
2018年 | 356篇 |
2017年 | 489篇 |
2016年 | 517篇 |
2015年 | 526篇 |
2014年 | 1144篇 |
2013年 | 1606篇 |
2012年 | 1246篇 |
2011年 | 1459篇 |
2010年 | 1099篇 |
2009年 | 1003篇 |
2008年 | 1074篇 |
2007年 | 943篇 |
2006年 | 842篇 |
2005年 | 610篇 |
2004年 | 410篇 |
2003年 | 326篇 |
2002年 | 218篇 |
2001年 | 183篇 |
2000年 | 133篇 |
1999年 | 61篇 |
1998年 | 64篇 |
1997年 | 54篇 |
1996年 | 34篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 24篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
151.
Synopsis It has been proposed that open thermodynamic systems will act to dissipate available energy gradients by self-organizing into
coherent structures that, with time, evolve and develop into nested hierarchies – panarchies – that adapt to internal and
external changes according to a characteristic adaptive cycle. This paper seeks to apply these ideas in the purely societal
realm by investigating the role of money in economic systems. Money represents the value embodied in goods; a value that is
separate from the exact nature of those goods. We suggest that money thereby liberates the ‘free value’ of economic desire
and that this free value has properties analogous to energy. The result is the self-organization of structures and systems
(‘econosystems’) that dissipate this ‘free value’. Econosystems act at different scales, and nested levels of econosystems
form a panarchy, having effects that can be observed. In particular, it appears that money facilitates the creation of relationships
between econosystem actors, increasing the connectedness of the econosystems that envelop those actors. We have identified
a phenomenon whereby freed social value (i.e. money) can aggregate, or pool, at a larger econosystem scale in structures such
as banks. These pools act as gradients that actors at the neighborhood scale can exploit for self-organization in the econosystem.
Thus, econosystem actors appear to be freed from thermodynamic constraints by using money as a means of self-organization.
However, because of these pools of aggregated social exergy, connectedness is increased at the larger scale of the econosystem.
The potential consequence of this dynamic is that money may act to push larger scale econosystems toward a state of heightened
vulnerability to collapse, while freeing smaller scale actors from apparent constraints. In this way, we propose that money
acts to skew information feedback loops between econosystem actors and larger scale structures such as economies and ecosystems.
相似文献
152.
Coping with Technological Change: The Role of Ability in Making Inequality so Persistent 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study provides an explanation to the evolution of wage inequality over the last 30 years and supports this explanation with evidence. A faster rate of technological progress introduces new unknown elements at the workplace. The need to cope with the unknown accentuates the role of ability and thus increases wage inequality within and between education groups. Inasmuch as education is an irreversible investment project the rise in within group inequality BOOSTS UP the rise of between group inequality. Guided by this theory we turn to the PSID for evidence. Using parents' education to approximate child's ability we show the following set of results: (a) Controlling for education of the child, parents' education contributed much more in the 1980s to his wage growth than in the 1970s. (b) The correlation between the parents' and the child's education increases from the 1970s to the 1980s. (c) The return to college education for an individual with no ability rents did not change—it remains steady at the 23 percent. (d) Facts (a)–(c) CANNOT be attributed to the impact of parent's income. It is parents' education and not parents' income that is more relevant for son's economic outcomes in the 1980s. 相似文献
153.
154.
企业成长中的路径依赖与突破 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
知识是企业能力的基础,它的形成和演变累进性,具有路径依赖特征。本文分析了企业发展中路径依赖现象形成的逻辑,以及它在不确定环境下存在的“成功悖论”。在此基础上,论文提出了路径突破概念,用来描述企业在某一时点上对原有路径的突然改变,并论述了知识创新的两种模式和路径突破的三种机制。 相似文献
155.
156.
集群制造与集群创新分别代表着产业集群发展的不同阶段,从集群制造发展到集群创新是中国当前和今后相当长的一段历史时期内,国家高新区发展所面临的重大而迫切的现实问题。本文以张江高科技园区为例。对这一问题进行了案例式探讨。分析表明,张江高科技园区三大高端主导产业集群产业链条比较完善,网络集聚特征鲜明并已具备了较为强大的集群制造功能;集群制造也促进了创新要素的快速集聚,产业集群的创新能力得以初步显现。但总体上看,三大主导产业集群的集群制造功能仍然是其主要特征,在向集群创新功能转化的过程中尚存在着一系列突出问题。 相似文献
157.
选用船舶工业宏观数据和资源环境约束等作为基础数据,运用方向性距离函数和ML指数测算了中国船舶工业绿色全要素生产率(Total Factor Productivity),通过面板模型系统考察了环境规制、技术进步对中国船舶工业绿色全要素生产率的作用。发现从长远来看,绿色全要素生产率呈增长趋势且具有明显的收敛特征,技术进步和技术效率共同推动船舶工业绿色全要素生产率的增长,但整体上绿色全要素生产率低于传统全要素生产率。运用动态面板模型分析中国船舶工业绿色全要素生产率的影响因素,结论表明:较高的技术水平能显著提高绿色全要素生产率,而对国际市场的过度依赖阻碍了船舶工业绿色全要素生产率的增长。环境规制对船舶工业绿色全要素的增长已经带来"补偿效应"从而提高了中国船舶工业的国际竞争力,为考察船舶工业绿色竞争力提供了新的视角。 相似文献
158.
以创新群为基础的自主创新战略研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
创新在时间和经济空间上具有群集特性。它发起于根本性的(自主)创新,并能够产生强烈的创新溢出效应。分析认为,将自主创新战略建立在创新群的基础上,培育以国家战略性技术为核心的自主创新群,能够将创新能力的内生性与外生性较好地结合在一起,有利于我们实现完全的自主创新。 相似文献
159.
Frédéric Lordon 《Journal of Evolutionary Economics》1997,7(1):1-21
The slow and endogenous twist of economic macro-structure makes up an important evolutionary feature of capitalist economies,
and may be at the root of structural crisis. In this line, a Goodwinian growth model with increasing returns and profit-sharing
that tries to picture a simple scenario of the seventies crisis is considered. It is shown that the exhaustion of the Kaldor-Verdoorn
“productivity law” can entail, in a nonlinear framework, a “catastrophic” bifurcation from a “high” to a “low” growth path.
Slow/fast dynamical systems then allow one to formalize a multiple time-scales dynamics where the growth path is shaped by
the structural framework in which it takes place, but has also a long -un feedback. Structural change and crisis appear as
long term and endogenous outcomes. 相似文献
160.
虽然区域医药企业技术创新的模式有其固定的模式可循,但是创新的产品如何推向市场却没有固定的模式。基于技术创新的区域医药企业合作营销模式重点探讨区域医药创新产品推向市场的一种营销模式;同时本文探讨了一套对该营销模式进行评价的指标体系。 相似文献